• 한국인구학
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.129-157
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• 2011

본 연구는 교육수준이 이민과 이주노동자에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 특히 동아시아 3개국(한국, 일본, 대만)에서 이주노동자의 증가에 대해 교육수준과 세계화에 대한 태도에 따라 어떠한 차이를 보이는가를 비교 분석한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 EASS(East Asian Social Surveys) 자료를 활용하였으며, 개인이 가지고 있는 외국인근로자에 대한 태도를 교육수준에 따른 각 태도의 수준별 이행확률로 검증할 수 있는 순차로짓모형을 적용하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육수준별 이주노동자에 대한 태도를 살펴보면, 한국, 일본, 대만 동아시아 3개국이 국가별로 상이한 결과를 보여준다. 한국의 경우에는 학력이 높을수록 이주노동자에 대해 배타적 태도를 나타내는 반면, 일본과 대만의 경우에는 학력이 높을수록 개방적 태도를 보인다. 특히, 대만의 경우에는 이러한 경향이 두드러진다. 둘째, 교육계층별로 이행과정의 가중치를 분석한 결과, 한국과 대만의 경우에는 전반적으로 이주노동자의 증가를 반대하는 입장이며, 일본의 경우에는 현 수준에서 유지되기를 희망하는 경향이 있다. 또한 일본과 대만의 경우에는 고학력층에서 이주노동자의 증가를 원하지만, 한국의 경우에는 고학력층에서 이러한 경향이 보이지 않는다. 결론적으로 모든 국가들에서 교육수준이 높을수록 이주노동자에 대해 개방적이라고 볼 수 없으며, 각 국가의 정치 사회 문화적 특성에 따라 동일 교육수준 내에서도 차이가 존재한다는 시사점이 제시된다. 또한 교육수준이 이주노동자에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 설명하는데, 집단 간 경제적 경쟁에 근거한 접근보다 사회문화적 접근이 필요함을 말해준다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors to dental care utilization, oral health behaviors, and oral health status in immigrant workers in Korea. Methods: The subjects were 504 foreign immigrant male workers over 20 years old who visited Daegu labor consultation center for oral health survey and oral examination. The questionnaire included 5 questions of socioeconomic characteristics, 8 questions of oral health practice behavior, 6 questions of dental clinic visit, 8 questions of social relations and Korean language proficiency. The question for health behavior was measure by body mass index(BMI). Social relations and Korean language proficiency instrument was modified by Seol from "Family welfare survey in Korean international marriage" and scored by Liker 5 scale. Results: The oral health examination of the immigrant workers was as follows: decayed teeth - 76.6%, filling teeth - 27.4%, missing teeth - 69.8%, dental caries experience above five or more - 60.2%, periodontal pocket tissues - 58.9%. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index was very poor and accounted for 49.0%. Dental care utilization experience was closely associated with social relation indexes including attendance in family events, household stuff help, financial help and counseling for hard work(p<0.01). Dental care utilization experience proportionally increased with proficiency in Korean literacy including speaking, listening, and writing abilities of Korean language(p<0.01). Conclusions: In order to improve the oral health condition of the immigrant workers, it is important to provide social network, Korean language proficiency support, and health insurance coverage through economic burden reduction by the Korean government.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2008

With increasing numbers of immigrant workers in Korea, the supply of socially and culturally acceptable housing has become an important issue. The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryo-in housing and domestic living conditions in metropolitan areas of Korea. This study will present essential information directly relevant to the establishment of practical housing policy for Goryo-in in Korea. Furthermore, data collected and analyzed here will enable comparative investigation with Goryo-ins who live in Russia and Central Asia. Using ethnographic methodologies, we examined 20 Goryo-in households in relation to their usage of domestic space. The following conclusion were established; 1). The most popular L D K(Living Dining Kitchen)type consisted of kitchen plus one or two bedrooms. The majority of households lived in quarters with separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households had a washing machine in the bathroom due to a lack of space, and they regarded the bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. The Goryo-ins interviewed preferred quarters with separate bathroom and toilet areas, in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their most preferred seating style was chairs, while making Kimchi at home was not very popular. 4). All respondents took their shoes off and wore slippers at home, while also indicating a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) Half of the households had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). All households had modified Ondol heating system and demonstrated satisfaction with this. The majority of Goryo-ins interviewed had a different living style compared to households in Russia and Central Asia which were related to less favorable economic conditions in Korea.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제75권
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• pp.43-79
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• 2016

본 논문은 이주여성에 관한 인터넷 포털 사이트의 게시물과 댓글의 내러티브에 담긴 감정의 특성을 분석했다. 분석 대상으로 사회적 이슈에 관한 활발한 토론 공간인 '다음'(Daum)의 '아고라'를 선정했다. 내러티브 분석 결과 게시물 작성자들이 보여준 감정은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이주여성을 매춘과 연관시키면서 과도한 혐오감을 드러냈다. 둘째, 한국 남성을 희생자로 파악하고, 이주여성에 대한 증오감을 드러냈다. 셋째, 다문화주의에 반대하는 이들은 혐오감정을 감추고, 정의, 평등, 국가주의를 근거로 한 분노 감정의 표현이 정당하다는 전략을 사용했다. 넷째, 반다문화주의자들은 국제결혼 사기사건, 외국인 노동자 범죄보도 등의 사례를 반복적으로 언급하면서 혐오 감정을 확산시키는 역할을 수행했다. 다섯째, 매우 드물지만 이주여성이 만든 음식을 소개하는 사진과 글이 비교적 온정의 감정을 담았지만, 관음주의적 접근이라는 한계를 지녔기에 공감과 동감, 연민의 감정으로 발전되지 못했다. 한편, 이주여성에 대한 부정적 감정을 표현하는 게시물 작성자의 심리적 배경에는 자기혐오가 자리 잡고 있고, 이는 더욱 강화될 것으로 우려된다. 아고라 공간에서 2011년 이후 이주여성 관련 글 대부분은 혐오 담론에 해당한다. 요컨대 결혼, 노동, 피난 등으로 인해 주거지의 국제적 이동 현상이 증가하는 디아스포라 시대에 혐오 감정에 따른 갈등과 인권 침해 현상에 대응하기 위해 보편적 인간애로서 휴머니즘 위주의 시민 교육을 강화할 것이 요구된다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.31-63
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• 2018

본 연구는 이주노동자들이 한국 사회에서 경험한 제노포비아(Xenophobia)에 대한 연구로 한국적 상황과 맥락에서의 제노포비아 현상에 대한 실체이론(Substantive Theory)을 제시하고자 하는 목적을 지니고 있다. 본 연구는 근거이론(Grounded Theory) 연구방법으로 접근하였다. 연구에는 18명의 이주노동자가 참여하였다. 자료는 심층면담을 수행하여 구성하였다. 자료는 Strauss와 Corbin(2008)이 제시한 개방코딩, 축코딩, 선택코딩 순으로 분석하였다. 연구자는 개방코딩에서 구성한 13개의 범주를 중심으로 패러다임 모형을 제시하고 과정분석을 하였으며 핵심범주를 "내적모순이 충일한 한국 사회에서 미래의 적으로 간주되어 정체성을 상실하고 유사한 한국인으로 우거하는 삶"으로 구성하였다. 연구자는 연구결과에 근거하여 논의를 하였고 제노포비아 현상을 완화할 수 있는 제언을 하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2007

Immigrant workers in Korea who have a multi-cultural background are increasing a need is arising to support them with housing that considers their housing culture. The purpose of this study is to gather information to formulate a plan of ChoSun-Tribe Immigrant Workers in Korea. For this purpose, we investigated to the usage of domestic space and the seating style of ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea. Ethnographic research with a questionnaire was used to analyze 16 households in China and 17 in Korea. The study results were as follows. 1. Most of the ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea thought that the kitchen had to be separated from other areas and also they wanted to have a large kitchen in which they can work comfortably. 2. ChoSun-Tribe members in China used a bathroom as a laundry normally while and ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea didn't think that a bathtub was indispensable in the bathroom. 3. The most uncomfortable feature for ChoSun-Tribe members in Korea was having to use a toilet outside so a toilet should be considered inside of the house. 4. ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea were accustomed to sitting on the floor for their living usually and ChoSun-Tribe members in China used the living room as a multi-purpose room for the family. 5. A modified Ondol system using water pipes under the floor was gaining popularity in China and was the most desirable heating system for ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea also. 6. ChoSun-Tribe members in China and Korea all took off their shoes inside of the house for hygienic reasons so the space for taking on-off shoes was indispensable. 7. Housing for ChoSun-Tribe immigrant workers in Korea needs to be planned with a good environment lots of sunshine and better ventilation.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Vietnamese housing in Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 22 Vietnamese households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space. The following conclusion were established; 1). Most of households had kitchen+1 or 2 bedrooms and the majority households preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub as not very necessary. They all preferred the bathroom with enough space for using washing machine and hand washing both. 3). Their preferred seating style was using chairs on sleeping as like in Vietnam but they preferred eating without chairs and treated large family and guest without chairs specially. 4). All of them were took their shoes off usually and preferred designated shoes space at the entrance to the house which was not used in Vietnam. 5). A Floor material of all households was vinyl on living room and bedrooms and most of them who had been using tile only in Vietnam preferred vinyl here. 6). All of households had a modified Ondol and most of them who had never been used this before preferred and they regarded as a desirable heating system. 7). They considered the kitchen as the most important housing space and the direction of housing was the one to consider when they built or buy the house.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryoin housing in Uzbekistan and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 20 Goryoin households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space firstly and also tried 20 Goryoin households in Uzbekistan with the same method. The following conclusion were established; 1). The majority of households in both areas preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households in both areas had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. They all preferred separate bathroom and toilet areas in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their preferred seating style was chairs on sleeping and eating especially but they treated large family and guest without chairs in both areas. 4). All of them were took their shoes off and wore slippers at home usually and also had a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) All of households in Uzbekistan and half of them in Korea had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). The heating system of apartment in Uzbekistan was radiator and most of private houses had a modified Ondol with radiator but their preferred heating system was modified Ondol in both areas. 7). They all considered the living room as the most important housing space for family and guest in both areas.

• 산업노동연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.261-293
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• 2013

스웨덴은 1960년대까지는 주로 북구와 서구 국가들로부터 노동이민을 수용하였으나 1970년대 이후 이주민의 구성이 난민과 그 가족 중심으로 크게 바뀌었다. 이는 1970년대 이후 스웨덴 노동시장이 포화상태에 도달하여 해외 인력에 대한 수요는 급감한 데 반해 스웨덴의 인도주의적 난민 수용정책이 지속된 데 기인한다. 이주민 구성이 제3세계 출신자의 비중이 큰 난민 중심으로 바뀌고 스웨덴 노동시장 사정이 어려워짐에 따라 이주민의 취업이 어려워졌다. 이주민의 노동시장 통합이 어려워짐에 따라 그 원인과 해결책을 둘러싸고 스웨덴 내에서 활발하게 논의가 진행되어왔다. 해결책과 관련하여 미시적 개혁방안들에서는 합의 수준이 높은 편이지만 노동시장 유연화나 이민 규제와 같은 대형 이슈에서는 견해차가 큰 편이다. 이주민의 노동시장 통합 부진은 향후 노동시장 유연화 압력을 가중시키고, 완전고용을 전제로 하여 설계된 스웨덴 식 복지국가 모델에 상당한 변화를 가져올 가능성이 커 보인다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.13-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of housing and domestic living conditions of Vietnamese individuals in Vietnam and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, It was examined examined 22 Vietnamese households in Korea in relation to their usage of domestic space and also conducted the same investigation on 20 Vietnamese households in Vietnam. The following conclusion were established; 1) The majority of households in both countries preferred that the kitchen was close to the dining room and living room while a kitchen door was not deemed as necessary. 2) In Korea, washing machines are used in the bathroom space, while in Vietnam they are used outside or in a specially designated space. 3) The most uncomfortable aspect of home life in Korea was having the bathroom and toilet in the same space while in Vietnam they are separately spaced. It is recommended that house plans with separate bathroom and toilet area be made available for Vietnamese migrants. 4) Chairs were used in the sleeping area for eating, especially if guests were present, but the floor space was also used for eating. 5) Tile is a typical floor material in Vietnam while vinyl is popular in Korea. However, migrant workers were comfortable with both materials. 6) All 20 households didn't have any heating system in Vietnam but most migrants preferred a modified Ondol in Korea. 7) Most migrants took their shoes off while inside the house in Vietnam and Korea. Furthermore, the majority of households didn’t have any designated shoes space at the entrance to the house in Vietnam and most were satisfied with the same situation in korea. 8) Most households in Vietnam and Korea preferred to decorate their living room with various things or as a place of worship to their ancestors. The direction of house was an important element when deciding to buy or building houses in both countries.