• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.51-65
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of three types of Yongdamsagantanggamibang(YSTG) which has been medicated the patient with inflammatory disease of female genitourinary system. Methods: To verify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of YSTGs, expressions of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, COX-2 and TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA in THP-1 cells were examined. And we investigated the production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in mouse following LPS co-treatment. Results: 1. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract did not show any cytotoxic effect on human fibroblast cells at any of the concentrations evaluated(500, 250, 125, 62.5, 37.25 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$) 2. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract showed scavenging activity on DPPH free radical and SOD-like activity. 3. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-${\alpha}$ and MCP-1 in LPS-treated THP-1 cells. 4. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased expressions of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, COX-2 and TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA in LPS-treated THP-1 cells. 5. YSTG1, YSTG2 and YSTG3 extract decreased production levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in serum of LPS-treated mouse. Conclusion: Based on results above, it is revealed three types of YSTG have the anti-inflammatory effect, and may be effective in the treatment for inflammatory disease of female genitourinary system.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2023

The river pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) is a valuable species in aquaculture and genetic studies. Usage of fish anesthetics aids in the easier handling of fish during aquaculture. However, there are no studies on appropriate conditions required for effective anesthetization of pufferfish. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions (fish age, water temperature, anesthetic concentration) needed for the most common fish anesthesia, MS-222, to anesthetize T. obscurus. We tested three different water temperatures (20℃, 24℃, and 28℃), three different anesthetic concentrations (125 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 175 mg/L), and two different fish ages (one- and two-year-old). Appropriate anesthetization conditions for T. obscurus ranged from 150 mg/L to 175 mg/L of MS-222 at 24℃ to 28℃ for one-year-old fish. For two-year-old fish, the appropriate conditions ranged from 150 mg/L to 175 mg/L of MS-222 at 28℃. However, to minimize side effects and risks, 150 mg/L of MS-222 at 24℃ for one-year-old fish and 175 mg/L of MS-222 at 28℃ for two-year-old fish are recommended for effective anesthetization.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2020

들깨(Perilla frutescens L.)는 꿀풀과 1년생 초본으로 한국, 중국 등의 동부 아시아가 원산지로 식용, 약용 및 공업용 등 다양한 용도로 이용되고 있다 들깨는 우리나라에서 오랜시간 재배해 왔으나 체계적인 연구기간이 짧아, 다른 유료작물에 비해 육성품종이 적고 유전자원의 체계적인 수집평가가 이루어지지 않았다. 특히 외국에서는 들깨와 근연종을 이용하여 색소 및 정유성분에 대한 연구를 하는데 비해 우리나라에서는 주로 식용으로만 연구가 진행되고 있다. 들깨 육종에 있어서 중요한 것은 유전자원 확보와 이를 정리 보존하여 우량한 육종재료를 효율적으로 이용하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 수집한 들깨 44자원의 형태적 특성을 조사하여 품종 육성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 들깨 자원은 경북 수집 10자원으로 가장 많았으며 전북 8자원, 경남 7자원, 강원과 경기에서 각각 6자원, 충남 3자원, 전남과 충북에서 각각 2자원이었다. 화색은 들깨 44자원 모두 흰색이었으며 줄기색은 연녹색이 29자원, 녹색 9자원, 자주색 4자원으로 조사되었다. 잎의 앞면은 녹색 27자원, 연녹색 10자원, 진녹색 7자원이었으며 뒷면색은 녹색 26자원, 연녹색 18자원으로 조사되었다. 잎의 모양은 장타원형 21자원, 피침형 15자원, 심장형 7자원이었으며 잎의 모용은 23자원이 적음, 14자원이 보통, 6자원이 많게 조사되었다. 잎의 길이는 35자원이 15.1cm이상으로 조사되었고 잎넓이는 11.1cm이상인 자원이 37자원으로 조사되었다. 종피색은 갈색이 28자원, 회색이 6자원, 암갈색이 3자원 순으로 조사되었다. 본 실험에서 조사된 들깨 유전자원의 형태적 특성은 들깨 선발에 있어 기초 정보로 활용 가능할 것이며 추가적으로 농업형질, 기능성 물질 분석등의 들깨 육종 프로그램을 위한 다양한 평가 및 선발이 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2023

eDNA, an abbreviation for environmental DNA, means DNA derived from organisms inhabiting in a specific environment. The utilization of eDNA extracted from environmental samples allows for efficient and accurate monitoring of organisms inhabiting the respective environment. Specifically, eDNA obtained from seawater samples can be used to analyze marine biodiversity. After collecting seawater samples and extracting eDNA, metagenome analysis enables the taxonomic and diversity analysis among marine organisms inhabiting the sampled area. This review proposed an overall process of marine biodiversity analysis by utilizing eDNA from seawater. Currently, the application of eDNA for analyzing marine biodiversity in domestic setting is not yet widespread. This review can contribute to establishment of marine eDNA research methods in Korea, providing valuable assistance in standardizing the use of eDNA in marine biodiversity studies.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2023

The feeding habits of the Fat Greenling Hexagrammos otakii were studied using 376 specimens (17.4~41.4 cm in total length) collected off the Incheon coast, Korea between March 2020 and February 2021. H. otakii ate mainly gastropoda and teleostei, incuding caridea, brachyura, polychaeta, cephalopoda and amphipoda. The diet composition of H. otakii showed changes in season. H. otakii ate mainly cephalopoda in spring and ate mainly polychaeta in summer. The teleostei feeding rate was highest in autumn, whereas the proportion of gastropoda was higher in winter than in other seasons. The mean number of preys per stomach (mN/ST, One-way ANOVA, F=2.026, P>0.05) and mean weight of preys per stomach (mW/ST, One-way ANOVA, F=1.075, P>0.05) didn't show a statistically significant difference among size classes.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2008

Marine ecotoxicological standard method using fish larvae was established with the standard test species of Oryzias latipes(Japanese Medaka) and Paralichthys olivaceus(flounder) and with the 7 day $LC_{50}$ as endpoint. Test method referred to the USEPA(1994) with the replacement of test species found in the Korean water. Standard test species were selected in terms of the species supply and ecological importance in Korean waters. Japanese medaka can be reared with small tanks in the lab and has wide tolerance on salinity, and flounder eggs can be easily obtained from commercial fish hatcheries. General conditions for larval fish toxicity test are as follows. The possible salinity ranges for toxicity test were $0{\sim}35\;psu$ for medaka and >20 psu for flounder. Test type was designated as static non-renewal test if the dissolved oxygen in the test chamber does not fall below 4.0 mg/L. Ages of test species were selected as 7 days after hatched for medaka(about 5 mm TL) and 25 days for flounder(about 10 mm TL) because of the low natural mortality after these periods. Test can be accepted when the survival rates are over 80% in control. Also, species sensitivity on standard reference materials(copper, cadmium or zinc) must be provided with the toxicity test results.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.885-895
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• 2023

This study aims to investigate the production and characteristics of protein hydrolysates derived from tuna byproducts (TP) using various proteolytic enzymes and to compare the antioxidant activity of the resulting hydrolysates. The TP were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using five different proteases: alcalase, bromelain, flavourzyme, neutrase, and papain, and the antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates were evaluated. Subsequent analysis of the available amino group contents and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns indicated a high degree of hydrolysis in TP after treatment with all the enzymes, except for papain. Based on the RC₅₀ values obtained from four different antioxidant analyses, all the hydrolysates exhibited similar antioxidant activity, except for the flavourzyme hydrolysate, which showed significantly higher scavenging activity against ABTS radicals and hydrogen peroxide than the other hydrolysates. These findings suggest that protein hydrolysates derived from TP hold promise as potential sources of natural antioxidants.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.444-451
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of protein hydrolysates derived from defatted egg yolk using various proteolytic enzymes and compare the antioxidant activity of the resulting hydrolysates. The defatted egg yolk powder was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using four different proteases (alcalase, bromelain, flavourzyme and neutrase), and the resulting hydrolysates were evaluated for their antioxidant properties. Through analysis of available amino group contents and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, it was observed that the defatted egg yolk powder treated with alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase for 12 h exhibited a high degree of hydrolysis value. Based on the RC₅₀ values obtained from two different antioxidant analyses, all hydrolysates showed comparable antioxidant activity, except for the alcalase hydrolysate, which demonstrated notably higher scavenging activity against hydrogen peroxide than the other hydrolysates. These findings suggest the potential of protein hydrolysates from defatted egg yolk, a by-product of lecithin extraction, as natural antioxidants.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.657-666
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• 2014

Coal gasification technology is considered as next generation clean coal technology even though it uses coal as fuel which releases huge amount of greenhouse gas because it has many advantages for carbon capture. Coal or pet-coke slurry gasification is very attractive technology at present and in the future because of its low construction cost and flexibility of slurry feeding system in spite of lower efficiency compared to dry feeding technology. In this study, we carried out gasification experiment using bituminous coal slurry sample by integrating coal slurry feeding facility and slurry burner into existing dry feeding compact gasifier. Especially, our experiment was conducted under fairly lower operation temperature than that of existing entrained-bed gasifier, resulting in partial slagging operation mode in which only part of ash was converted to slag and the rest of ash was released as fly ash. Carbon conversion rate was calculated from data analysis of collected slag and ash, and then cold gas efficiency, which is the most important indicator of gasifier performance, was estimated by carbon mass balance method. Fairly high performance considering pilot-scale experiment, 98.5% of carbon conversion and 60.4% of cold gas efficiency, was achieved. In addition, soundness of experimental result was verified from the comparison with chemical equilibrium composition and energy balance calculations.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2017

Basic dyes such as malachite green and methylene blue have been used as disinfectants to control water fungal infections since the 1930s. However, after succeeding reports of carcinogenicity and bioaccumulation of the dye, their use was forbidden in lieu of public health. This study undertook to evaluate the therapeutic effect of sulfur solution processed by effective microorganisms (EM-PSS) against Saprolegnia parasitica infection, and its safety in fish. In vitro antifungal evaluation of EM-PSS inhibited the growth of S. parasitica mycelia at concentrations of 50 ppm or higher. The acute toxicity test of EM-PSS to the mud fish (Misgurnus mizolepis) measured a no effect concentration (NOEC) at 100 ppm, the lowest effect concentration (LOEC) at 125 ppm, and the half-lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) at 125 ppm in juvenile and 250 ppm in the immature stage. In addition, the ecotoxicity test of EM-PSS using Daphnia magna inhibited swimming of D. magna at concentrations of 100 ppm or less. Lastly, the EM-PSS prevented infection of S. parasitica to mud fish, at concentrations of 50 ppm. Furthermore, at 100 ppm concentration, the EM-PSS showed no acute toxicity on mud fish, nor any eco-toxic effects on D. magnano. Therefore, we conclude that carcinogenic disinfectants such as malachite green and methylene blue could be replaced by EM-PSS to remove S. parasitica in mud fish farming, and might be a potential eco-friendly disinfectant in aquaculture.