• Title/Summary/Keyword: 이산화탄소 활성화

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Properties of Non-Sintered Cement Mortar using Alkali and Sulfate Mixed Stimulants Accroding to Curing Method (양생방법에 따른 알칼리 및 황산염 복합자극제를 사용한 비소성 시멘트 모르타르의 특성)

  • Park, Sung-Joon;Kim, Ji-Hoon;Hyung, Won-Gil
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.237-244
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    • 2015
  • Entering the 20th century since the industrial revolution, the cement has been widely used in the field of construction and civil engineering due to the remarkable development of construction industry. However, result from that development, each kind of industrial by-products and waste and the carbon dioxide generated in the process of cement production cause air pollution and environmental damage so earth is getting sick now slowly. Therefore, we have to recognize importance about this. It means that the time taking specific and long-term measures have come. In this research paper, as substitution of the cement generating environmental pollution, we investigate the hydration reaction of non-Sintered Cement mortar mixed with GBFS, active stimulant of alkaline and sulphate series by using SEM and XRD, mechanical and chemical properties according to the curing method. As a result of this experiment, NSC realized outstanding strength for water curing and steam curing. It means that it has a good possibility as substitution of cement. From now on, it can be used for structure satisfying specific standard. We expect to find a substitution of outstanding cement by progressing continuous research making the best use of pros and cons according to the curing method.

Microbial hydrogen production: Dark Anaerobic Fermentation and Photo-biological Process (미생물에 의한 수소생산: Dark Anaerobic Fermentation and Photo-biological Process)

  • Kim, Mi-Sun;Baek, Jin-Sook
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.393-400
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    • 2005
  • Hydrogen($H_2$) as a clean, and renewable energy carrier will be served an important role in the future energy economy. Several biological $H_2$ production processes are known and currently under development, ranging from direct bio-photolysis of water by green algae, indirect bio-photolysis by cyanobacteria including the separated two stage photolysis using the combination of green algae and photosynthetic microorganisms or green algae alone, dark anaerobic fermentation by fermentative bacteria, photo-fermentation by purple bacteria, and water gas shift reaction by photosynthetic or fermentative bacteria. In this paper, biological $H_2$ production processes, that are being explored in fundamental and applied research, are reviewed.

A Study on Method for Estimating Scale and Requirements of Bike Parking Lots (자전거 주차장 규모산정 방법 및 설치기준에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Ho-Won;Joo, Doo-Hwan;Hyun, Cheol-Seung;Yeo, Woon-Woong;Lee, Choul-Ki
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.138-150
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    • 2009
  • 10 years ago, Korea proclaimed the bike traffic activation law. Many cities have constructed bike paths and parking lots. However, because of increased bike users, lack of bike paths, and parking lots, it is predisposed to avoidance to ride. This study suggests reasonable bike parking lots scale and estimated bike parking lots using the bike traffic assignments. As results, reasonable bike parking lots scale is approximately 5% of car parking lots, which is minimum value. Then, each city can estimate reasonable bike parking lots scale by considering the characteristics and size of cities.

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태양계의 물: 기원과 진화

  • Choe, Byeon-Gak;Choe, Hye-Rim
    • 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.09a
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    • pp.3-8
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    • 2005
  • 지구는 현재 태양계에서 액체 상태의 물이 표면에 존재하는 유일한 천체이다. 하지만, 고체 또는 기체 상태의 물은 태양계의 다른 행성이나, 위성, 소행성, 혜성 등에도 풍부하게 존재하고 있다. 풍부한 액체 상태의 물은 지구 표면에서 일어나고 있는 기후의 변화, 해류의 이동, 퇴적 및 침식 작용, 화산활동과 같은 여러 지구과학적 현상에 밀접하게 관여하고 있을 뿐 아니라 생명의 탄생과 진화에도 매우 중요한 역할을 하였다. 현재 지구 표면에 액체 상태의 물이 존재할 수 있는 이유는 태양으로부터의 거리, 지구의 조성 및 크기 등과 관련된 지구 표면의 물리-화학적 조건이 액체 상태의 물이 존재할 수 있는 조건과 일치하고 있기 때문이다. 이와는 달리 지구보다 태양에 더 가깝게 위치하고 있고, 두터운 이산화탄소 대기를 갖고 있어 표면의 온도가 매우 높은 금성의 경우 H2O는 기체 상태로 존재하며, 지구보다 더 멀리 떨어져 있고 희박한 대기를 갖고 있는 화성의 경우에는 현재 H2O가 고체 즉 얼음의 형태로 존재한다. 태양계를 탄생시킨 태양계 성운에서는 압력이 너무 낮아 액체 상태의 물이 존재할 수 없으며, 고온에서는 기체 상태로 매우 낮은 저온에서는 얼음의 형태, 또는 함수 광물 내에 포함되어 존재할 수 있다. 지구와 같은 규모의 행성은 비교적 중력이 작아 태양계 성운의 기체를 거의 끌어들이지 못했다. 따라서 현재 지구에 존재하는 물은 대부분은 고체 상태로 지구에 집적되었을 것이다. 하지만 지구가 탄생한 위치에서 초기 태양계의 온도는 얼음이 형성되기에는 너무 높았기 때문에 좀 더 먼 곳에서(현재의 목성 위치보다 바깥쪽)에서 생성된 얼음 즉, 혜성이 태양계 안쪽으로 들어와 지구에 물을 공급했거나 함수광물을 포함하고 있는 소행성(예를 들어 CI chondrites와 같은 조성의)이 물을 가져왔을 것으로 생각되고 있다.서의 활성화는 어미 변환과 관련된 영역이라기보다는 산출시 관련되는 articulation, motor coordinate관련 영역으로 추정되고, 측두엽의 활성화는 형태소, 의미 관련 지식의 data base로 추정된다. 또한 우반구 전두엽 부분에서 관찰된 활성화는 억제관련 영역으로 짐작된다.러한 동물실험이 그 기초를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다. 또한 행동성향 및 기억의 종류에 따른 약물효과의 차이는 기억과 관련된 질병인 알츠하이머 환자에 있어 개개인에게 맞는 적절한 특징적인 치료약물이 존재할 것이라는 가능성을 제공해줄 뿐만 아니라 학습과 기억력 증진 효과를 기대해 볼 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다. 및 지역산업발전의 기획${\sim}$조정기구로서, 선진국의 지역발전기구(Regional Development Agency : RDA)인 지역전략산업기획단이 2002년도부터 산업자원부와 9개 시도에 의해 설립되어 지역네트워크의 활성화와 클러스터의 형성 촉진을 하게 되었고 2004년도에는 13개시도로 확대${\sim}$운영되고 있고, 지역특화사업(H/W)과 지역산업기술개발과제(S/W)와 함께 패케지 형태로 지원되며, 주요역할은 크게 지역산업의 정책기획 분야와 평가관리, 지역혁신역량 조사 및 DB구축 등으로 구분된다. 그중에서도 권역별, 지역별, 지역산업진흥사업 육성과 중장기 산업발전계획을 수립하기 위하여 지역혁신역량을 바탕으로 한 지역 Technology Road Map(TRM)작성사업은 전국공통의 1단계 사업으로 실시 ?榮쨉?, 2005년 3월 기준으로 9개 지역(강원, 대전, 충남, 충북, 경북, 울산, 전남, 전북, 제주) 26개 산업분야를 대상으로 23개가 완료된 상황이다. 이를 근거로 한 지역정책과 R&D 과제 및 필요 인프라의 도출이 체계적으로 구축되어 지역산업 발전을 위한

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Microstructural Changes during Activation Process of Isotopic Carbon Fibers using CO2 Gas(II)-TEM Study (이산화탄소를 이용한 등방성 탄소섬유의 활성화과정 중 발생하는 구조변화(II)-TEM을 이용한 분석)

  • Roh, J.S.
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.13 no.11
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    • pp.749-755
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    • 2003
  • A development of micropores of $CO_2$activated isotropic carbon fibers from TEM was observed. It was observed that the micropores of activated carbon fibers(ACFs) were consisted of slit-shaped pores(SP) and cylinder-shaped pores(CP). The SPs were formed between two parallel-carbon layers, and the CPs were formed at a place which is connected polygonally by more than two carbon layers. It was shown that the CPs of the ACFs were developed at high degree of burn-offs and at high activation temperature. The pore size distribution of the best ACF, which was observed at a highest value of specific surface area(3,495 $\m^2$/g), showed a continuous distribution in the range of about $4∼l5\AA$, and the median pore size was 6.7$\AA$. The super-high specific surface area of ACFs was found to be due to that the SPs were connected with a maximum size of 7∼8$\AA$ continuously, It is possible that the SPs should be formed in the ACFs in order to show super-high SSA.

Microstructural Changes during Activation Process of Isotopic Carbon Fibers using CO2 Gas(I)-XRD Study (이산화탄소를 이용한 등방성 탄소섬유의 활성화과정 중 발생하는 구조변화(I)-XRD를 이용한 분석)

  • Roh, J.S.
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.13 no.11
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    • pp.742-748
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    • 2003
  • The structural parameters such as Lc, La and d of $CO_2$activated isotropic carbon fibers(ACFs) were obtained from XRD in order to understand a development mechanism of micropores. And the structural parameters were compared with specific surface area(SSA) data. The $d_{002}$, Lc, and La of the original fiber were measured to be 4.04$\AA$, 6.2$\AA$, and 23.6$\AA$, respectively. Carbonization of outer-parts and oxidization of inner-parts of the original fibers were far from completeness. It was observed that the structural changes of the ACFs during activation take place severely, therefore the carbonization and the oxidization of the fibers take place simultaneous with pore developments. The $d_{002}$ of the ACFs was increased to be 2.80$\AA$, and the La of the ACFs was decreased to be 17.0$\AA$ by activation. It was shown that the pores are developed continuously from the outer-parts to the inner-parts of the fibers, therefore the SSA increases as a result of the development of pores fully to the inner-parts of the fiber when the burn-off degree was over :39%. It seems that the (002) planes of crystallites contribute to the micropore wall related to the super high SSA.SSA.

Effect of oxyfluorination on activated electrospun carbon nanofibers for $CO_2$ storage (함산소불소화 효과에 의한 전기방사 활성탄소나노섬유의 $CO_2$ 저장)

  • Bai, Byong Chol;Kim, Jong Gu;Im, Ji Sun;Lee, Young-Seak
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.219.2-219.2
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    • 2011
  • The oxyfluorination effects of electrospun carbon nanofibers (OFACFs) were investigated for $CO_2$ storage. Carbon nanofibers were prepared form poly acrylonitrile / N,N-dimethylformamide solution through electrospinning method and heat treatment. Chemical activation of carbon nanofibers were carried out in order to improve the pore structure. And the surface modification of activated carbon nanofibers was conducted by oxyfluorination to improve the $CO_2$ storage on effect of introduced functional groups. The samples were labeled CF (electrospun carbon nanofiber), ACF (activated carbon nanofibers), OFACF-1 ($F_2:O_2$ = 3:7), OFACF-2 ($F_2:O_2$ = 5:5) and OFACF-3 ($F_2:O_2$ = 7:3). The functional group of OFACFs was investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The specific surface area, pore volume and pore size of OFACFs were calculated and pore shape was estimated by the BET equation. Through the adsorption isotherm, the specific surface area and pore volume significantly decreased by oxyfluorination.

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Hydrogen Activation and Carbon Dioxide Decomposition Using An Inorganic Recycling Resource (무기성 순환자원의 수소 활성화 및 이산화탄소 분해)

  • Park, Young-Koo;Ko, Jae-Churl;Jeon, Jae-Youl;Park, Joon-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.483-490
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    • 2009
  • This research was conducted to estimate the characteristics of carbon dioxide decomposition using an inorganic sludge. The inorganic sludge was composed of high amount (66.8%) of $Fe_2O_3$. Hydrogen could be reduced with 0.247, 0.433, 0.644, and 0.749 at 350, 400, 450, and $500^{\circ}C$, respectively. The carbon dioxide decomposition rates at 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, and $500^{\circ}C$ were 32, 52, 35, 62, 75, and 84%, respectively. High temperature led to high reduction of hydrogen and better decomposition of carbon dioxide. The specific surface area of the sludge after hydrogen reduction was higher than that after carbon dioxide decomposition. The specific surface area of the sludge was more decreased with increasing of temperature.

A Study of the Electric Vehicle Industry and Policy Implications (전기자동차 산업 현황 및 정책적 대응방향)

  • Chun, Hwang-Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2013.05a
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    • pp.471-473
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    • 2013
  • This paper is analyzing the situation of the electric vehicle Industry and draw the policy implications to promote electric vehicle industry. Major automobile makers as GM, BMW, Nissan, Audi produce various electric vehicles. But in recent times, only few electric vehicle sold in the world. So, many automobile makers gave up the production of electric vehicles. and the fuel-cell vehicle will replace the electric vehicle as a environment car in the future. We should take the build up of eco system between vehicle makers and the small parts companies, construction of battery charging infrastructure, promotion of standardization activities, and the government's support to revive the electric vehicle industry.

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Fabrication of Metal-biochar Composite through CO2 Assisted Co-pyrolysis of Chlorella and Red Mud and Its Application for Persulfate Activation (녹조류와 적니의 이산화탄소환경 공동열분해를 통한 탄소-철 복합체 생성 및 과황산염 활성화를 통한 수중 염료 제거)

  • Jang, Hee-Jin;Kwon, Gihoon;Yoon, Kwangsuk;Song, Hocheol
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2022
  • The common algae and industrial waste, chlorella and red mud, were co-pyrolyzed in carbon dioxide condition to fabricate iron-biochar composite. In order to investigate the direct effect of chlorella and red mud in the syngas generation and the property of biochar, experiments were performed using mixture samples of chlorella and red mud. The evolution of flammable gasses (H2, CH4, CO) was monitored during pyrolysis. The produced biochar composite was employed as a catalyst for persulfate activation for methylene blue removal. BET analysis indicated that the iron-biochar composite mainly possessed meso- and macropores. The XRD analysis revealed that hematite (Fe2O3) contained in red mud was transformed to Fe3O4 during co-pyrolysis. The composite effectively activated persulfate and removed methylene blue. Among the composite samples, the composite fabricated from the mixture composed of 1:2 chlorella:red mud showed the best performance in syngas generation and methylene blue removal.