• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.193-204
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• 2022

One of the important roles of medical schools is to support medical students in deciding upon their future career path or choosing their specialty. The purpose of this study is to suggest a career advising model and strategies for medical students through a systematic approach. This study consists of three parts. The first part introduces some main career theories: super's career development theory, career decision-making theory, social cognitive career theory, and ecosystem theory. The second part proposes a systematic career advising model using the results acquired from previous studies and theories. This model considers a medical school as a social system that consists of two domains (internal and external). This social system is considered as a complex where various factors interact with each other: students' individual characteristics, institutional policies and culture, curriculum and learning experience, students' perceived specialty characteristics, and aspects of the external environment such as healthcare systems. The third part suggests some career advising strategies based on a systematic approach that medical schools can apply. These research results can be used for designing career advising courses for medical students, integrating various career advising programs and resources of medical schools, and evaluating the outcomes of career advising programs at an institutional level.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2021

This study investigated medical students' perceptions of good jobs. We classified medical students' perceptions of good jobs and analyzed the characteristics of each type. The Q methodology was used to extract medical students' subjective thoughts. After extracting statements based on previous studies, 46 Q samples were selected. The P sample consisted of 40 medical students divided evenly by gender and grade. They performed a Q sort of the 46 Q sample questionnaire and the results were analyzed using the QUANL ver. 1.2 program. Very few consensus statements were found in the replies. We divided answers into four types, each of which was clearly distinguished: (1) quality of life-oriented jobs, (2) reward-oriented jobs, (3) service-oriented jobs, and (4) self-realization-oriented jobs. Medical students in type 1 prioritized quality of life equally at work and at home. Medical students in type 2 preferred high-paying jobs. Medical students in type 3 placed importance on serving others. Finally, medical students in type 4 viewed good jobs as involving learning and development. The types of jobs sought were classified according to individual students' values and subjectivity. Medical schools may use the results of this study as a basis for career guidance.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 1982

A statistical study on medical students who entered certain college of medicine during 10 years ('73 to '82) was performed in order to evaluate medical educational wastage. The obtained results summerized were as follows; 1. The normal promotion rate of 10 cohorts(CI-CX) was 83.4% and 5 cohorts(CI to CV) whose members had already graduated(including dropouts) was 77.5%. 2. The mean repetition rate in 1st grade was 15.5%, in 2nd grade 5.4%, in 3rd grade 1.4% arid in 4th grade 0.6%. 3. The predicted number of repetion(spell base) which are attendance at the college in 1st grade was 31.6, in 2nd grade 28.9, in 3rd grade 18.6 and in 4th grade 22.7; 4. The total wastage of 10 cohorts was 224.8 SY, which corresponded to educational resources of 56.2 out-puts for normal demand. 5. The mean unit cost of 10 cohorts was 4.62 and the mean Input/Output ratio was 1.06.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

Background: Exercise influences the generation of brain cells through learning and experience in the process of acquiring motor skills and helps improve brain function. It is necessary to scientifically verify how brain wave activity, a method of analyzing brain function, affects movement. Purposes: We scientifically identify the positive effects on EEG activity when applying complex functional linear ladder movements in an appropriate environment. Methods: After recruiting 30 male university students, we divided them into a linear ladder exercise group, a treadmill exercise group, and a control group, and exercise was applied and measured repeatedly for ten weeks. Results: There was a statistically significant change between groups in the left prefrontal lobe of alpha waves when exercise was applied (p < .05). Conclusions: Although exercise has a positive effect on EEG, line ladder exercise, which applies a complex pattern and produces more leg movement, appears to have a better impact on brain function than traditional aerobic exercise.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.166-173
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• 2019

Purpose: High-quality hospice and palliative medicine curricula are necessary in Korean medical schools. This study evaluated changes in students' knowledge and attitudes toward both hospice and palliative care following the completion of a course on these topics, as well as the course's overall role in the basic medical education curriculum. Methods: Questionnaires measuring knowledge and attitudes were collected before and after the course from 76 fourth-year medical students, who had received instructions integrating both hospice and palliative care in 2016. Results: The questionnaire item "Select the correct answer on the use of opioid pain control in hospice and palliative care" changed the most in terms of number of correct answers pre- and post-course (3.50 and 5.32, respectively; P<0.001). Pre- and post-course, the numbers of students who answered "Strongly Agree" and "Agree" to questions concerning their attitudes toward hospice and palliative care ("I know the purposes and roles of hospice and palliative care") were 17 (22.4%) and 65 (85.6%), respectively (P≤0.001). Affirmative responses also increased for "As a pre-physician, I know when to describe and advise hospice and palliative care to patients", from 22 (28.9%) to 65 (85.6%; P≤0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that comprehensive hospice education in the form of an integrated educational course might promote changes in medical students' knowledge and attitudes toward hospice and palliative medicine.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2002

Objectives: Daytime sleepiness is a common symptom and is associated with sleep behavior, sleep deprivation, and night shift, etc. It is also one of the most important symptoms of sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). According to our survey on Korean literature, a few studies have dealt with daytime sleepiness, and we have not been able to locate any study comparing normal subjects with polysomnography-proven sleep disorder patients regarding daytime sleepiness. We aimed at comparing daytime sleepiness among normal healthy daytime workers, medical students being expected to have daytime sleepiness due to chronic sleep deprivation, and patients having sleep disorders diagnosed with polysomnography. We also studied the association between subjective daytime sleepiness and objective polysomnographic findings in patients with sleep disorders. Methods: One hundred three hospital workers, 137 medical students, and patients with sleep disorders were studied. Sleep disorders included OSA, periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS), insomnia, and narcolepsy. The degree of subjective sleepiness in each group was measured by the Korean version of Epworth sleepiness scale and compared. The relationship between polysomnographic findings reflecting severity of sleep disorder in each patient group and subjective sleepiness was analyzed. As for patients with narcolepsy, the relationship between the mean sleep latency and subjective sleepiness was studied. Results: There was a significant difference of ESS score (F=68.190, dF=5.752, p<0.001) among daytime workers, medical students, and sleep disorder patients. In OSA patient group, the degree of the sleepiness had no significant correlation either with mean O2 satuaration (p=0.062) or with RDI (p=0.807). In PLMS patient group, there was no correlation between periodic limb movement index (PLMI) and subjective sleepiness (p=0.761). In narcolepsy patient group, the subjective sleepiness had no correlation with mean sleep latency measured with MSLT (p=0.055). Conclusion: We found a significant difference of subjective sleepiness among daytime workers, medical students, and patients with sleep disorders. However, no consistent correlation was found between severity of subjective sleepiness and objective polysomnographic findings reflecting severity of each sleep disorder. This research confirms that the evaluation of subjective sleepiness is important clinically, but it cannot substitute the objective measures such as nocturnal polysomnography and MSLT.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2004

Objectives: Although many studies on seasonal variations in mood and behavior have been carried out in foreign countries, no such study has previously been undertaken in Korea. The goal of this study was to estimate the frequency of seasonal variations in mood and behavior among Korean medical students. Methods: 297 medical students from Korea University College of Medicine participated in this study. The subjects were surveyed with a Korean translation of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and their responses were evaluated for seasonal patterns of mood and behavioral change, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder (S-SAD), derived from the case-finding criteria of Kasper et al. Results: The mean global seasonality score was 6.6 (SD=3.6). 83.5% (N=248) of the subjects reported some changes in behavior and mood associated with the seasons. Only 3.7% (N=11) reported no behavioral changes across the seasons. Total prevalence rates were 15.2% for SAD, and 2.7% for S-SAD. The estimated frequencies were 3.0% for summer SAD, 2.7% for summer S-SAD, 11.4% for winter SAD, and 5.8% for winter S-SAD. The prevalence rates for winter SAD or S-SAD were higher than the prevalence rates for summer SAD or S-SAD. Conclusion: These results suggest that seasonal variations in mood and behavior are common among Koreans. The higher prevalence rate of winter SAD or S-SAD than summer SAD or S-SAD is consistent with most western studies and stands in contrasts to studies in other Asian countries, such as Japan and China.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.86-88
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• 1978

겨울철에 동남아로 여행을 떠나다니 추위를 피할 수 있어 다행으로 생각하며 부러워하는 사람이 있었으나 사실은 그렇지 않았다. 속내의와 두툼한 외투를 입고 지내다가 평균 30$\circ$C가 넘고 습도가 높은 곳에서 지내기란 고역이었으나 세탁소 종업원들의 이상한 생각을 불러 일으켜가며 챙겨간 여름옷도 하루만 입고나가면 땀으로 흠뻑젖어 한 지역에 가면 첫날에만 입고 나가며 가장 즐겨 입은 웃옷은 간편하고 빨기좋은 나이론 남방이었으나 이런 온도차에 의한 고역은 지독하여 다시 한번 격게 되어 며칠간은 심한 몸살을 하게되었다. 1978년 새해들어 채 설 기분도 가시지 않은 1월 12일에 출국하여 제일먼저 들른곳은 홍콩대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실(Community medicine)이었다. 주임교수는 WHO의 Malaria Program과 싱가폴 대학에 있던 Dr. M.J. Colbourne으로 그날따라 토요일인 때라 그 다음 날에는 Hawaii에서 열리는 암의 역학적인 면에 관하여 회의가 있어 떠난다고 하며 무척 바쁜 눈치였다. 그곳에서 주로 하는일은 의과대학생들에 대하여 강의하며 1년에 몇명씩 대학원생도 받으나 올해는 한명도 없다고 한다. 물로 대학원생의 입학자격은 의사에 한한다. 두번째 들린 곳은 태국 방콕으로 시간을 많이 보낸곳은 Mahidol대학교 보건대학(Faculty of Public Health)이었다. 12개과에 139명의 교수진과 435명의 학생을 가진 큰 학교 이다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.161-162
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• 2000

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2019

Producing graduates with sufficient practical competency is the main mission of every educational institution. Following the accreditation of the Korean Institute of Medical Education and Evaluation, medical schools have been stepping up efforts to establish curriculum that reflects the practical value of medical education and the importance of adapting to the practice of graduates in order to increase the accountability of medical education in Korea each year. To this end, all medical schools have recently made efforts to develop diverse policies to strengthen the social accountability of medical education along with the transition to a competency-based curriculum. In line with this trend, the institutional accountability of medical education as well as the personal accountability of students, the main subjects of learning, should be highlighted, and educational activities to foster accountability need to be specified. Personal accountability in medical students involves recognizing their social accountability as future doctors and understanding and practicing student accountability. To achieve this, medical schools should provide programs that support and teach practical application of skills, and students need to define and attempt specific activities to strengthen their accountability.