• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.365-369
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• 2009

Prompt and proper discovery of cause is important in lung cancer patients with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction because approach for treatment may differ according to its etiology and emergency operation can often be required to prevent more severe complications. In this report, we present two different causes of intestinal obstruction in lung cancer. Physicians need to be aware of these possibilities to differentiate the cause of intestinal obstruction in patients with lung cancer.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.516-522
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• 2007

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications are important problems that prolong the length of the hospital stay and increase patient mortality. However, our knowledge of the postoperative factors that increase the risk of these complications is less than complete. Methods: We conducted a prospective study to determine the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications. A total of 199 patients were referred to the Pulmonology Department for preoperative pulmonary evaluation. We reviewed the perioperative variables according to the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Postoperatively, we collected data on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications and we evaluated the relationship between the perioperative variables and outcomes. Results: Twenty two patients (11%) had pulmonary complications; 6 had respiratory failure, 4 had pneumonia, 13 had pleural effusion and, 2 had atelectasis. Five variables were statistically significantly associated with pulmonary complications on the bivariate analyses. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that three of these variables were independently associated with an increased risk of pulmonary complications; a high cardiac risk index (OR 16.5, p=0.002), emergency surgery (OR 10.3, p=0.017), and thoracic/abdominal surgery (OR 3.8, p=0.047). Conclusion: The risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications are a high cardiac risk index, emergency surgery and thoracic/abdominal surgery.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2018

Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare congenital disorder which is caused by microdeletion of approximately 1.6 MBP from the long arm of chromosome 7 at 7q11.23. It is characterized by cardiovascular anomalies, elfin face and mental retardation. The most typical oral signs in patient with WS are hypodontia, reduced mesio-distal dimensions both in the primary and permanent teeth, macroglossia, excessive interdental spacing, enamel hypoplasia and enamel hypomineralization. The majority of children with WS have mild to moderate mental retardation, generalized anxiety disorder, hyperactivity disorder and sensitivity to sounds. The purpose of this presentation is to describe dental treatment for a child with WS. A 9-year-old boy diagnosed with WS had caries on his first permanent molars. Because of the poor cooperation, these teeth were filled temporarily with glass ionomer, and treatment under general anesthesia was planned. Under general anesthesia, caries treatment of first permanent molar and extraction of primary molar was successfully performed and there was no postoperative complications related to general anesthesia. Open bite, hypodontia, excessive dental space, enamel hypoplasia, enamel hypomineralization were observed which were characteristic in WS.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.508-508
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• 1998

위험물 차량사고는 일반차량의 교통사고시 발생하는 인명피해, 재산피해, 교통지체 외에 부가적으로 환경적 영향에 의한 엄청난 인명 및 재산손실을 유발시킬 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 위험물차량사고를 예방하고 피해를 최소로 줄이기 위해서는 위험물수송경로의 신중하고 체계적인 결정이 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 외국의 경우, 위험물의 방출이 미치는 환경적 영향에 대한 인식이 확대되면서 위험물 수송시 응급처리에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송에 따른 위험도 평가에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송시 고려해야할 여러 조건에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송경로 설정에 관한 연구 등이 진행되고 있다. 반면에 우리 나라는 위험물차량관리와 사고처리에 대해 실시간적인 관리를 목표로 하는 국가차원의 계획을 수립하고는 있지만, 현재 이와 관련된 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 앞으로 산업발달에 따른 위험물수송량의 증가와 환경의식의 변화에 따라 위험물수송 및 사고처리 등에 관한 연구가 필요할 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 위험물차량의 운송경로를 결정할 때 고려해야 할 여러 가지의 기준 및 목표에 따라 위험물수송경로를 설정하는 모형을 제시함으로써 위험물수송에 수반되는 위험을 최소화하면서 위험물차량의 통행시간, 거리, 비용 등을 최적화하여 위험물수송의 안전 및 운영효율성을 향상시키고자 한다. 먼저, 위험물 수송경로의 기준지표로 사용될 위험도를 산정하기 위해 링크 주변노출인구, 밀도 등을 변수로 하는 모형식을 제안하고, 두 번째로 산정된 위험도를 기반으로 최적경로를 결정하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 가상 네트웍에 본 연구에서 제안된 모형을 적용하고 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 최단경로와 비교·분석하였다.것은 운송거리와 운송비용이 각각 주요한 변수라는 것이다. 모형의 타당성을 검증하기 위해서는 logilikelihood 값을 구하여 $\rho$^2분석을 시행하였다. 여기서는 각 품목별로 $\rho$^2값이 약 0.15~0.3의 비교적 높은 수치를 보여주고 있으므로 모형의 설명력이 어느 정도 있다는 것이 아울러 증명이 되었다. 상관관계에 대한 분석에서는 영업용 차량간의 상관관계가 높게 나타났으며, 이는 곧 영업용 화물차량을 적재중량별로 구분하는 것이 별 의미가 없음을 의미한다. 다시 말하면 자가용 차량을 보유하고 있지 않은 회사는 다른 운송전문업체에 화물운송을 의뢰하게 되므로 출하중량에 따라 화물차량을 구분하는 것에 대해서 그다지 큰 고려를 하지 않는 것으로 해석할 수가 있다.적합함을 재확인함. 6. 혼잡초기를 제외한 혼잡기간 중 대기행렬길이는 밀도데이터 없이도 혼잡 상류부의 도착교통량과 병목지점 본선통과교통량만을 이용하여 추정이 가능함. 7. 이상에 연구한 결과를 토대로, 고속도로 대기행렬길이를 산정할 수 있는 기초적인 도형을 제시함.벌레를 대상으로 처리한 Phenthoate EC가 96.38%의 방제가로 약효가 가장 우수하였고 3월중순 및 4월중순 월동후 암컷을 대상으로 처리한 Machine oil, Phenthoate EC 및 Trichlorfon WP는 비교적 약효가 낮았다.>$^{\circ}$E/$\leq$30$^{\circ}$NW 단열군이 연구지역 내에서 지하수 유동성이 가장 높은 단열군으로 추정된다. 이러한 사실은 3개 시추공을 대상으로 실시한 시추공 내 물리검층과 정압

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.56
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• pp.83-105
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• 2018

Special security guards play the role to safely operate and manage nuclear power plants from unintended internal and external threats. Physical fitness management of special security guards is one of the most important factors for improving and maintaining the level of physical protection. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the physical fitness factor and physical fitness level required for mission accomplishment through job analysis of special security guards. The special security guards of Nuclear Power Plant in Korea were performing 7 jobs, 26 duties, 159 tasks. In order to accomplish theses tasks, the following physical fitness were required: muscle strength and muscle endurance of the hand, upper limb, lower limb and core, quickness, agility and Cardio function. The duties that require a lot of physical fitness were in the order of conducting arrest and self-defense, conducting unarmed defensive tactics, demonstrating proficiency with semiautomatic rifle, using protective equipment, performing emergency plan and defensive strategy, etc. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data necessary for establishing guidelines for fitness qualification and training of special security guards in the future and contribute to enhancement of physical protection of nuclear power plants.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.22-34
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was two-fold. Firstly, it investigated the current state of the 34 specific policies of school safety-accident prevention that were implemented at K-12 public schools in accordance with the $1^{st}$ School Safety-Accident Prevention Plan established in December 2015. Secondly, it prioritized the policies based on the outcomes from the investigation to make policy recommendations for future improvement. For this purpose, we surveyed 614 school teachers and staff from 24 school-safety research schools across the nation on their perception of the current policies for preventing school safety accidents. Specifically, they were asked about the degree of realization and the necessity of expansion of the policies. Based on the survey results, the Borich index as a needs measure was computed for each policy and a list of policies prioritized in descending order of the index was presented. The results of the study showed that school teachers and staff's perception of the improvement of school safety since the policies took effect was highly positive in general. It was also shown that the policies perceived as best-implemented were, in descending order, "first-aid education for teachers and staff", "safety management of school meals", "prevention activity of student traffic safety-accident", and so on. The majority of survey respondents said that the policies were being implemented well and that they should be expanded and enhanced. As a result of the Borich's needs analysis, it was found that "more collegial collaboration between the Office of Education and other relevant organizations in the community for school safety", "prevention education activity for water safety", and so forth should be more actively implemented.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.25
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• pp.51-62
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• 2021

The Belt with Rhinoceros-Horn Ornaments(known as a seodae in Korean) from the family of Princess Deokon's descendants housed in the National Hangeul Museum underwent emergency treatment for a special exhibition in 2019 upon the request of the National Hangeul Museum. Priority was given to the restoration of the original form of the severely damaged belt and the repair of its detached horn ornaments. Prior to the conservation treatment, researchers conducted a theoretical study of the belt with rhinoceros-horn adornments to learn the names of its structural components and the changes in form that the type experienced by period, thereby establishing a plan for conservation treatment and setting a direction. Among the belts worn by officials from the Joseon dynasty, rhinoceros-horn ornaments were attached to those of officials of the first rank and were considered the most precious behind the king's belt with its jade ornaments. The rhinoceros horn adorning the belt is classified into three categories according to quality. This belt has horn adornments of the highest quality, falling under the "grape design" category with dark brown dots concentrated in the center. The belt has a rectangular shape and lacks a buckle, reflecting a popular form from the nineteenth century. The structure of the belt was identified over the process of conservation treatment, offering information about its method of production. In addition, comparison of the relic with belts with rhinoceros-horn ornaments depicted in Joseon-period portraits of officials allowed the identification of changes in formal features and the detailed structures of belts with rhinoceros-horn ornaments by period. It confirmed that the belt subject to conservation treatment shows the features of belts with rhinoceros-horn ornaments produced in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.691-702
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• 2021

This study aimed to provide basic data for safety education by surveying the status of safety education and general safety awareness among high school students by gender and school type in Chungnam area. From July 16th to October 15th, 2015, 1214 copies collected from 16 schools were analyzed using SPSS ver 23.0. Regarding safety education, females and general high school students (GHS) responded more frequently that safety education was more necessary for school life compared to males and specialized high school students (SHS), whereas males were more interested in safety education content than females. Males and SHS lost interest when learning unfamiliar content compared to females and GHS, respectively. In terms of general safety awareness, males and GHS usually followed safety rules better than females and SHS, and males demonstrated greater knowledge of first aid. Males and SHS acted according to their beliefs towards safety rather than knowledge compared to females and GHS, respectively. This study found a significant difference in safety education and general safety awareness among high school students by gender and type of school, and the results suggest that differentiated safety education is necessary.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.111-126
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week training on changes in physical fitness and cardiovascular factors for firefighters. For this purpose, 40 men in their 20s and 30s who agreed to participate voluntarily were recruited. They were divided into four groups: the firefighters' physical fitness test training group (hereinafter referred to as PT group), firefighters' physical fitness test and aerobic training group (hereinafter referred to as PT+AR group), firefighters' physical fitness test and both aerobic and anaerobic training group (hereinafter referred to as PT+CO group). Physical fitness factors (grip strength, back muscle strength, seated forward bend, standing long jump, sit-ups, 20-meter shuttle run), cardiovascular factors (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) and the relationship between Framingham Heart Risk Score and physical/cardiovascular factors were compared and analyzed, and the following conclusions were obtained. Aerobic training, anaerobic training, and combined training, including 12 weeks of firefighter physical examinations, all had positive effects on fitness and cardiovascular factors, which would be an appropriate way for firefighter examinees to improve physical strength and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.25
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• pp.9-26
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• 2021

This paper describes the production methods that were originally used for an arrow bundle excavated from a Bronze Age residential area in Auraji in Jeongseon, Gangwon-do Province and the conservation treatment process that it subsequently underwent. An arrow conventionally consists of an arrowhead and a shaft. It is rare to excavate a shaft along with an arrowhead in a complete form since the shaft is made of organic materials. Notably, the arrow bundle from the Auraji site is of great significance as it shows traces of tangless stone arrowheads attached to charred shafts and offers an important case of the split end of a piece of a tree being inserted into an arrowhead. For a further examination of the characteristics of the arrows from Auraji, microscopic investigation was conducted and the type of wood used for the arrow shafts was examined. The sequence and direction of processing and the particle sizes of the grinding tools were revealed through the analysis of traces of grinding on the stone arrowheads. The shaft is presumed to have been made from a green length of three-year-old willow (Salix spp.). A curing agent with a high degree of waterproofing and reversibility was used during the on-site curing process according to demands of the surrounding environment, and a technique that the authors call the "Bridge" method was used for emergency collection of the relics. Once the bundle was transferred to the conservation treatment lab, reinforcing materials were carefully chosen as it was important not to damage the relics during the process of turning them for the repair of their reverse sides. For this purpose, artificial clay was selected since it can safely bear a load and has excellent physical properties. Finally, detached parts were rejoined, the relics and their surrounding materials were cleaned, and the bottom sides were finished with epoxy resin prior to the display of the relics at the museum.