• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.347-350
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• 2017

We sequenced the genome of the Sphingobacteriaceae bacterium SH-48 isolated from the Sohan stream in Republic of Korea by using a dilution-to-extinction culturing method. The sequences were assembled into a draft genome containing 5,650,162 bp with a G + C content of 35.4% and 4,856 protein-coding genes in 2 contigs. This strain contains the carotenoid biosynthesis genes crtY, crtZ, crtD, crtI, crtB, and crtH as gene clusters. This genomic information provides new insights into the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.591-600
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate relationships among cow daily milk yield, calf body weight at birth and 3 month of age and calf preweaning daily gain. Cow daily milk yield(DMILK) of 90 days after postpartum measured by weigh-suckle-weight method, calf birth weight(BW), calf body weight at 3 month of age(WT3), and calf preweaning daily gain from birth to 3 month of age(PDG) were collected from June to November on 2002 and April to November on 2003. All traits studied were considered as cow traits and analysed by WOMBAT packages to obtain A-I REML(average information restricted maximum likelihood) estimates. Heritability estimate of daily milk yield uncorrected for cow-calf separation time(DMILK) was 0.39, which was not differ from 0.36 of heritability estimate corrected on the basis of 24 hour cow-calf separation time(CMILK). Heritability estimates for maternal genetic effects of BW, WT3 and PDG were respectively 0.28, 0.17 and 0.18. Genetic correlations between DMILK and maternal effect of BW, WT3 and PDG were respectively 0.59, 0.79 and 0.68. High genetic correlation coefficients of DMILK with WT3 and PDG indicate that selections for maternal breeding value for WT3 or PDG may be effective to enhance the cow’s milk production ability in Hanwoo.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.429-437
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• 2000

This study investigated the successful introduction of genes of erythropoietin (EPO) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in bovine embryos following nuclear transfer of bovine fetal fibroblasts (bFF), which were transfected by retrovirus vector system. Non-starved bFF were, transferred into perivitelline space of enucleated oocytes. The bFF-oocyte units were accomplished by cell to cell fusion and activated with calcium inophore and 6-dimethylaminopurine. Reconstructed embryos were co-cultured with bovine oviduct epithelial cells in CRlaa medium for 8 days. Out of 187 (EPO) and 210 (EGFP) bovine eggs reconstructed by nuclear transfer, 149 (EPO : 80.0%) and 158 (EGFP : 75.2%) embryos were cleaved, and among them 36 (EPO : 24.2%) and 35 (EGFP : 22.2%) embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. Of these blastocysts, 100% integration of EPO gene in 36 embryos was determined by PCR, and 100% expression of EGFP gene in 35 embryos was observed under the fluorescent microscope. This result indicates that bovine oocytes reconstructed by nuclear transfer of transfected bFF can successfully develop to the blastocyst stage. Furthermore, this novel procedure may be presumably an attractive method efficiently to produce the transgenic cattles.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-85
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• 2014

This study aims to highlight the social aspects of genetic discrimination as another shadow that biotechnology can influence on social life. To do so, the definition of "genetic discrimination" and three perspectives (exceptionalism, expressivism, and human right discourse) were reviewed. In addition, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of the United States and the Bioethics and Safety Act of Korea were analyzed. Several social implications for establishing the research and policies of genetic discrimination based on the existing research results of perceived genetic discrimination (the experiences, fears, and coping strategies of genetic discrimination) were suggested. These included public consensus on the definition of genetic discrimination and emphasis on a human rights approach against genetic discrimination; concerns regarding genetic discrimination in both the personal and public domains; raising the consciousness of both health care providers and the public regarding genetic discrimination; and developing psycho-social coping strategies for decreasing the fear of discrimination of asymptomatic people (hereditary carriers).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.224-230
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to investigate the change in the blood progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) levels when applying different estrus induction protocols to Korean black goats, and this was done to gain understanding about their reproduction physiology. For the experiment, we performed three estrus induction protocols that are commonly used in bovine: controlled internal drug release (CIDR) + prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ ($PGF2{\alpha}$), $PGF2{\alpha}$ + gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) + $PGF2{\alpha}$, and CIDR + $PGF2{\alpha}$ + PMSG. The P4 and E2 concentrations showed different patterns until the last treatment of the three protocols. However, similar concentration patterns were shown after the last treatment in all the protocols. In conclusion, we monitored the blood P4 and E2 levels in Korean black goats following three different estrus induction protocols. Our findings may be used in other breeding programs of Korean black goats, such as artificial insemination and embryo transfer.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2006

Behcet's disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, and ocular inflammation, and which may involve the joints, skin, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Although the exact pathogenesis for BD is not completely understood, it has been suggested that the disease is triggered in genetically susceptible individuals by environmental factors, such as microbial agents. It is noted that multiple genes, including MHC (major histocompatibility complex) and non-MHC genes, are implicated in the pathogenesis of BD. This study tries to determine whether IL-6 gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to Behcet's disease in Koreans. Gene polymorphisms were typed by VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat), RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), DHPLC (denaturing high performance liquid chromatography).There were no evidences for genetic association conferred by the IL-6prom polymorphism. However, significant differences in the IL-6vntr genotype and allele frequencies were found between patients with BD and controls. The IL-6vntr*C allele appeared to be an additional susceptibility gene to Korean BD. Further studies in other populations and gene are required to confirm these results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2001

Genetic differentiation of populations is resulted from the environmental and the genetic effects, and the interactions between them. Whereas, the major factors influencing to the genetic differentiation within populations are the gene flow induced by seed or pollen dispersial, the microsite heterogeneity, and the density-dependent distribution of individuals. For the purpose of studying spatial genetic structure and the distribution pattern of Korean pines(Pinus koraiensis), we set up one $100{\times}100m$ plot at a Korean pine stand in Quercus mongolica community on Mt. Jumbong in Korea. To estimate the coefficient of spatial autocorrelation as Moran's index and an analogue, simple block distance, isozyme markers were analyzed in 325 Korean pines. For 11 polymorphic loci observed in 9 enzyme systems, the average percentage of polymorphic loci, the observed and expected heterozygocity were 72.2% 0.200, and 0.251, respectively. It was revealed the excess of homozygotes was observed in the plot, which suggests that here may be more number of consanguineous trees than expected. On the basis of isozyme genotypes observed in this study, 325 trees were classified into 147 groups in which the maximum number of trees for one group was 34. From the distance class of 24-32m, the genetic heterogeneity began to increase. The variation of simple block distance against the growth performance by tree height and diameter also showed the same trend at 24~32m class. According to high fixation index(F=0.204), the spatial genetic structure within a stand, the analysis of the growth performance, and the distribution patterns of identical genotypes, we inferred that the genetic structure of a Korean pine stand in Mt. Jumbong has been maintained rather density-dependent mechanism than the gene flow, such as the pollen dispersial or the heavy input of seeds following the forest gaps. The genetic patchy size was determined between 24~32m, which suggests that the selection of individuals for the ex situ conservation of Korean pine in Mt. Jumbong may be desirable to be made with the spatial distance over 37 meters between trees.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.753-762
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• 2008

The primers for RT-PCR and RACE-PCR were designed by aligning the pig genomic sequence and the human complement factor B(CFB) coding sequence(CDS) from the GenBank. Each PCR product was amplified in pig cDNA and sequencing was carried out. The CDS length of pig CFB gene was determined to be 2298 bp. In addition, the pig CDS was more longer than human and mouse orthologs because of insertion and deletion. The identities of porcine nucleotide sequences with those of human and mice were 84% and 80%, and the identities of amino acids were 79% to 77%, respectively. Three complement control protein(CCP) domains, one Von Willebrand factor A(VWFA) domain and a serine protease domain, that are revealed typically in mammals, were found in the pig CFB gene. Based on the CDSs determined, the primers were designed in intron regions for amplification of entire length of exons. In amplification and direct sequencing with genomic DNAs of six pig breeds, three cSNPs(coding single nucleotide polymorphisms) were identified and verified as missense mutations. Using the Multiplex-ARMS method, we genotyped and verified the mutations identified from direct sequencing. To demonstrate recrudescence, we performed both direct sequencing and Multiplex-ARMS with two randomly selected DNA samples. The genotype of each sample exhibited the same results using both methods. Therefore, three cSNPs were identified from pig CFB gene and that can be used for haplotype analysis of the swine leukocyte antigen(SLA) class III region. Moreover, the results indicate that the Multiplex-ARMS method should be powerful for genotyping of genes in the SLA region.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.519-542
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• 2019

Twenty soybean cultivars developed recently were assessed using 27 insertion and deletion (InDel) markers derived from dense variation blocks (dVBs) of soybean genome. The objective of this study is to identify the distinctness and genetic relationships among a total of 169 soybean accessions including new cultivars. The genetic homology between 149 accessions in the soybean barcode system and 20 new cultivars was 61.3% on average with the range from 25.9% to 96.3%, demonstrating the versatile application of these markers for cultivars identification. The phylogenic analysis revealed four subgroups related to their usage. The 80% of cultivars for vegetable and early maturity and the 65.9% of cultivars for bean sprouts were clustered in subgroup I-2 and II-2, respectively, indicating of the limited gene pools of their crossing parents in breeding. On the other hands, the cultivars for soy sauce and tofu with considerable gene flow by genome reshuffling were distributed evenly to several subgroups, I-1 (44.4%), I-2 (26.4%) and II-2 (23.6%). We believe that the 27 InDel markers specific to dVBs can be used not only for cultivar identification and genetic diversity, but also in breeding purposes such as introduction of genetic resources and selection of breeding lines with target traits.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2008

The pathophysiology of rotator cuff tears and the progression of asymptomatic tears to symptomatic tears are yet unclear and much controversy. It is likely to involve a number of factors such as a genetic predisposition, extrinsic impingement from structures surrounding the cuff and intrinsic degeneration from changes within the tendon itself. Degenerative changes in the rotator cuff with aging seem to be related to the anatomic and mechanical environment of the rotator cuff. The histopathologic appearance of rotator cuff tendon rupture specimens demonstrates a consequence of degenerative changes at the site of tendon insertion into bone. It weakens the tensile strength of the tendon. Is the process of degeneration intrinsic or extrinsic in nature? I suggest that degeneration is intrinsic and not caused by extrinsic factors. Even though, rotator cuff tear may be secondary to multiple factors, I believe that primary cause of rotator cuff tears is preexisting degenerative change.