• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.65-97
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• 2015

This essay aims to investigate the characteristics of the views of citizen participants of World Wide Views on Climate and Energy which was organized internationally targeting global policy making in Paris at COP21. It also analyzes the views of Korean citizen participants on climate change from the international comparative perspective. For this purpose, we try to outline the results of the consultations which offer 29 issues categorized into five sessions, such as importance of tackling climate change, tools to tackle climate change, UN negotiations and national commitments, fairness and distribution of efforts, making and keeping climate promises. As a result, we come to show some patterns and characteristics of the views of citizen participants in global and national context. Finally, we discuss some policy and theoretical implications of our findings regarding the future of international convention for climate change and of global citizenship formation.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-31
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• 2015

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy held on 6 June 2015 was a structured citizens' deliberative consultation forum involving 10,000 citizens in 77 countries, and South Korea was one of the participating countries. Citizen participants, selected to reflect the demographic diversity in their countries or regions, were given information beforehand and deliberated for a full day with other citizens and voted on an identical set of questions, designed to reflect policy controversies at the UN COP negotiations to be held in Paris on December 2015. This study, firstly, analyzes the backgrounds and purposes of World Wide Views on Climate and Energy and reports the WWViews event held in Seoul, Korea before examining the theoretical implication of it. And then, this study discusses about the features and opportunities of World Wide Views on Climate and Energy as a way of forming a global deliberative governance by focusing on deliberative democracy, citizen participatory governance, and global citizenship.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.11
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• pp.361-388
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• 1998

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.119-136
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• 2015

As the means of implementation, the GCF and scaled-up climate finance compose major elements of a new climate agreement that will be implemented in 2020. The new agreement will be applicable to all parties, implying that developing countries as well as developed countries will be responsible for reducing GHG emissions. Achieving the goal of mobilizing 100 billion dollars will depend on the efforts put forth by developing countries in terms of meaningful mitigation actions and transparent implementation of the mitigation targets. This paper describes a major achievement on the negotiation related to climate finance since the Convention established and addresses the issues and perspectives for the Paris Agreement.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.149-170
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• 2012

The United Nations Climate Change Conference, Durban 2011, ended on December 12, 2011, 36 hours over its schedule, delivering the Durban Package, which consisted of, inter alia, the extension of the period for Kyoto Protocol term and the launch of Ad-hoc working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action. Despite the positive progress made in Durban, the future of post-2012 climate regime still seems cloudy. Before the Durban conference, some of Annex I countries with emissions reduction commitment under the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period openly declared their intention not to participate in the second one, reducing the effectiveness of Durban agreement. Parties to the conference have a long list of difficult issues disturbing the materialization of the new legal agreement in 2020 such as level of mitigation targets of individual countries and legal nature of their commitment. Given this uncertainty, the Korean government should reinforce its domestic climate policies rather than settling in the fact that it remains as a non-Annex I county party under the Durban Agreement due to the extension of the Kyoto Protocol period. Domestically, it needs to continue to raise the public awareness for rigorous climate policies to transit its economy to low carbon pathway which reduces the country's dependency on fossil fuel in the long term. It is also important to implement cost effective climate policies to cope with domestic resistance and international competitiveness. Internationally, its priority would be working for trust-building in the on-going negotiation meetings to encourage meaningful participation of all parties.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.33-64
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• 2015

World Wide Views (WWViews) on Climate and Energy was an experiment of public deliberation which was held in 77 countries with over 10,000 global citizens on June 6, 2015. The coordinator of this project (the Danish Board of Technology with Missions Publiques and the French National Commission for Public Debate) developed the overal procedure, and local partners implemented the actual events in each country on the same day. The coordinator gathered the results of the events from all local sites in order to submit them as global citizens' voice to the COP21 negotiations at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris. This study examines the extent to which such new method of WWViews, standardized at global level to be implemented in different local contexts, achieves its quality of public deliberation (representativeness, transparency, impartial inclusion, deliberativeness, influence) by evaluating the Korean WWViews held in Seoul.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1207-1210
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• 2006

다양한 유 무선 통신 환경에서 사용되는 많은 종류의 사용자 단말은 프로세싱 능력과 가용 대역폭의 한계 등의 제한된 성능이 있지만 사용자는 일반 PC와 같은 성능의 응용 서비스를 요구한다. 하지만 서비스 제공자는 모든 단말 종류에 맞는 서비스를 제공하기 힘들다. 본 논문에서는 사용자 환경과 단말의 성능을 고려하지 않고, 전달 망의 자원 예약만으로 서비스를 제공하는 경우의 문제점을 개선하는 서비스 제어 관리자를 제안한다. 서비스 제어 관리자는 사용자 환경과 단말 능력에 맞는 서비스를 제공하기 위해서 서비스 품질 협상을 수행한다. 또, SIP 프락시 기능을 가지고 기존에 제안된 SIP 프로토콜 기반 서비스 제어 관리자들과의 연동한다. 이 때, 서비스 제공 과정에서 효율적으로 메시지를 전달하기 위해 새롭게 SIP 헤더를 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1998

This paper is focused on the desirable schemes of policy on future telecommunication Network. In the scope and method of this study there must invalve following two items: 1) the first item is about the telecommunication Network System. 2) the second item is about the telecommunication network policy in future. The results of study is as follow: 1) an establishment of middle-long range planning for the telecommunication network 2) an establishment of the organization of society for system telecommunication network.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.75-94
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the major issues discussed among Parties and provide a framework for predicting the agreements on those issues, prior to the final negotiation on a new legally-binding agreement on climate change adaptation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The analyses of documents, adaptation actions, and work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) under the UNFCCC informed that the adaptation issue has primarily been focused on the support of developed country Parties for the adaptation of developing country Parties following the principle of the Convention, Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC). Three-year work of the ADP acknowledged the major issues on adaptation in the new climate agreement, which would be categorized as long-term and global aspects, commitments/contributions/actions, monitoring and evaluation, institutional arrangements, and loss and damage. A final agreement on each issue could be predicted by setting a zone of possible agreement in-between the two extremes of developing and developed country Parties and considering three major elements affecting the Parties' positions, national priority, adaptation action, and social expectation, which are proposed in this study. The three major elements should be considered in a balanced manner by Parties to draw a durable agreement that will enhance global adaptation actions from a long-term perspective. That is, the agreement needs to reflect adaptation actions occurring outside the Convention as well as social expectations for adaptation. It is expected that the new agreement on climate change adaptation, from a long-term and global perspective, would be an opportunity to reduce vulnerability and build resilience to climate change by incorporating global expectations.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.227-242
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• 2006

This paper analyzes insurance crimes using a game theoretic model. In blackmailing cases involving automobile accidents, insurance criminals deliberately induce innocent drivers(victims) to commit a moving violation such as crossing over the center dividing yellow line, and collide with the victims. After the collision, the criminals and the victims effectively engage in a bargaining game over the amount of the settlement for the damage. Because the penalty for that kind of moving violation is very severe (even criminally prosecuted), the victims do not have much bargaining power. Exploiting the weak bargaining power of the victims, the criminals demand and receive huge compensation (including settlement) from the victims. In the model, it is shown that under the current law agents have perverse incentives leading to insurance crimes. The criminals have incentive to induce car collisions and extract huge settlement from the victims. Based on the analysis, it is suggested that lowering the severity of penalty for certain kind of violation may be needed to prevent insurance crimes, in addition to increasing the crime investigation activities and strengthening punishment for insurance criminals.