• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2010

The feeder pipe of Main Primary Heat Transfer System in Wolsong Nuclear Power Plant was inspected by the Ultrasonic Phase Array technique in 2010. It is the first time to apply this method to the construction at Nuclear Power Plant in Korea. The time required for UT technique is less than RT method. The UT method doesn't need to evacuate personnel who works nearby inspecting area and doesn't need to wait developing of film. For these reasons, the UT method is the fastest method among the volumetric inspections. As a result of the examination, it became clear that main defect of the feeder pipe is the Lack of fusion in the welded area. Moreover, the rate of defect was reduced gradually as improvement of welder's skill. If welding machine has problem, the defect has tended to same pattern(occurred same position in the welding area) but these defects were founded without specific rules. For these reasons, the creation of defect is dependent on the skill of worker not on the automatic welding machine. This evaluation of defect signal and collecting data would be useful to further examination in ISI.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2011

The ultrasonic guided wave phased array using magnetostrictive patch transducers is proposed. The magnetostrictive transducer has received much attention because it is cost-effective and capable to generate ultrasonic waves with a simple configuration. However, it has not been used for ultrasonic guided wave phased array applications until now. In this paper, we propose a magnetostrictive transducer based phased array system consisting of a multi-channel function generator, power amplifiers and Lamb wave magnetostrictive transducers. To check the performance of the ultrasonic guided wave phased array, several Lamb wave focusing experiments were carried out in an aluminum plate. The results demonstrated the capability of the developed array to focus the Lamb waves at specific target points.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.661-667
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• 2009

해면질골에서 위상속도 및 감쇠계수와 구조적 특성 사이의 상관관계를 고찰하기 위하여 나일론 줄을 평행하게 배열하여 제작된 해면질골 팬텀이 이용되었다. 7개의 해면질골 팬텀의 골소주 간격 (trabecular separation; Tb.SP)은 $300\;{\mu}m$부터 $900\;{\mu}m$까지 분포하였으며, 골용량 비율 (volume fraction: VF)은 1.6%부터 8.7%까지 분포하였다. 해면질골 팬팀의 위상속도 및 감쇠계수는 12.7 mm의 직경 및 1 MHz의 중심 주파수를 갖는 한 쌍의 광대역, 비집속형 초음파 변환기와 함께 수중에서 투과법을 이용하여 측정되었다. 1 MHz에서 측정된 위상속도 및 감쇠계수는 Tb.Sp이 증가함에 따라 거의 선형적으로 감소하였으며, VF이 증가함에 따라 거의 선형적으로 증가하였다. 위상속도 및 감쇠계수를 독립변수로 하고 Tb.Sp 및 VF을 종속변수로 하는 단순 및 다중선형회귀모델로부터 VF 예측을 위한 결정계수가 Tb.Sp 예측을 위한 결정계수에 비하여 높게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 나일론 줄을 평행하게 배열하여 제작된 해면질골 팬텀에서 나타나는 결과는 사람의 해면질골에서 나타나는 결과와 잘 일치하였으며, 해면질골에서 위상속도 및 감쇠계수 측정으로부터 구조적 특성 평가가 가능하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2010

Ultrasonic inspection of heavy walled cast austenitic stainless steel(CASS)welds is very difficult due to complex and coarse grained structure of CASS material. The large size of anisotropic grain strongly affects the propagation of ultrasound by severe attenuation, change in velocity, and scattering of ultrasonic energy. therefore, the signal patterns originated from flaws can be difficult to distinguish from scattered signals. To improve detection and sizing capability of ID connected defect for heavy walled CASS piping welds, the low frequency segmented TRL Pulse Echo and Phased Array probe has been developed. The experimental studies have been performed using CASS pipe mock-up block containing artificial reflectors(ID connected EDM notch). The automatic pulse echo and phase array technique is applied the detection and the length sizing of the ID connected artificial reflectors and the results for detection and sizing has been compared respectively. The goal of this study is to assess a newly developed ultrasonic probe to improve the detection ability and the sizing of the crack in coarse-grained CASS components.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2008

There exist many types of pipe and component fatigue through vibrations, thermal fatigues or shifting. In some cases of thermal stratification/thermal fatigue, pipes & components are receiving thermal stress by means of material expansion and shrinkage by continuous thermal repetitive variation. Small cracks initially occur on the inside surface by thermal stress. These cracks grow in depth the pipe wall and finally come to a rupture. Pipe parts of susceptibility to thermal stratification and thermal fatigue are now being examined by conventional UT(ultrasonic test) as volumetric examination. It is difficult to fully satisfy the code & standards requirements because 3" weldolet weldments of RCS 16" pipe to 3" branch connection lines have complex structural shape. To solve the problems of conventional UT examination, we made a realistic mock-up and UT calibration block. We performed a simulation of phased array UT utilizing CIVA as NDE(Non-Destructive Examination) simulation software. Also we designed phased array UT transducer and wedge, optimal frequency by using simulation data. We performed phased array UT experiment through mock-up including artificial flaws(notch). The phased array UT technique is finally developed to improve the reliability of ultrasonic test at RCS 16" pipe to 3" branch connection weld.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.436-442
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• 2008

최근 VHTR(very high temperature reactor)에 대한 연구에서 흑연이 노심내 구조재, 반사재, 감속재로서 가장 적절한 재료로 인식되고 있다. 운전온도는 약 $900^{\circ}C$로 원자로 내부에 유입되는 소량의 불순물에도 흑연은 산화되기 쉬우며 산화된 흑연은 공극률이 증가하며 구조재료로서 가져야 할 파괴인성이 낮아진다. 본 연구에서는 산화 전후의 흑연에 대하여 초음파특성을 측정하고, 이를 기반으로 흑연에 대한 초음파탐상검사의 유효성을 타진하였다. 흑연의 초음파특성 측정 결과 초음파속도는 탄소강의 약 1/2, 음파 감쇠는 5배 이상, 신호대잡음비는 약 1/3로 측정되었다. 산화 후, 초음파속도는 as-received 상태에 비하여 미소하게 감소되었으나 초음파감쇠는 200% 이상으로 그 차이가 두드러지게 나타났다. 신호대잡음비에 기반하여 POD (probability of detection)을 산출한 결과, 100 mm 미만의 깊이를 가지는 측면공(SDH; side drilled hole)는 산화 전후에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않으므로 해당 깊이를 가지는 결함에 대해서 초음파탐상검사는 비교적 신뢰성 있는 검사를 수행할 수 있다고 판단된다. 상용 자동초음파탐상 장비에서의 테스트 결과 80 mm이하의 깊이에서는 인적오류가 크지 않을 것으로 예상할 수 있었으며, 위상배열 초음파 기법을 통한 검사를 수행한 결과 역시 양호한 신호대잡음비로 측면공들을 모두 검출할 수 있었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2014

An ultrasonic magnetostrictive transducer-based phased-array system for imaging defects in plate structures is newly proposed. In that most ultrasonic phased array systems rely on piezoelectric transducers or electromagnetic acoustic transducers, this system has its own unique feature of employing magnetostrictive transducers. Interest in using a phased array system using magnetostrictive transducers has been recently reported for pipe inspection but no such system has been developed for plate inspection. In this investigation, we aim to propose a phased array system using OL-MPTs (Omnidirectional Lamb wave Magnetostrictive Patch Transducers) for plate inspection. The developed system consists of a multi-channel function generator, power amplifiers, preamplifiers and a data acquisition unit. In the process of its development, each of the units must be checked and in doing so, we suggest types of ultrasonic wave experiments that should be carried out. Finally, the phased system using a transducer array composed of eight OL-MPTs is newly configured and is applied for actual crack detection experiments.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2010

The structural material with the highest possibility of new materials that will be used in the future construction field is fiber reinforced polymer. The current studies on FRP members by using such excellent material characteristics mostly focused on stability, composite problem, and durability of FRP members. The initially constructed FRP members secure excellent stability and durability compared to reinforced concrete and steel materials, but measures for defections during the periodical inspection, methods for detecting breakages, and maintenance and reinforcement are not insufficient. Accordingly, this study proposed a measurement system using the FRP sensor to evaluate the safety of the FRP modular box member, and applied the phased array ultrasonic technique to detect the defects and damage likely to occur during the performance period.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.274-277
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• 2003

임상적으로 건강한 비글견 17두와 췌장염으로 진단된 5두(요크셔테리어 3두, 토이푸들 2두)의 견에서, 화학보정 없이 전방 십이지장동맥(cranial pancreaticodudenal artery: cPDA) 혈관저항지수(resitive index: RI)를 측정하고 이를 비교 평가하였다. RI 측정을 위해 이중 펄스 색도플러 초음파와 11-MHz 선형 위상차 배열 탐촉자를 이용하였다. 췌장염견(0.75$\pm$0.04)견의 평균 RI는 정상견(0.63$\pm$0.04)과 비교하여 유의성(t = 5.79, p = 0.001)있게 증가된 소견을 보였다. 췌장염에 이환 또는 의증 환축에서는 cPDA의 RI 평가 또한 보조적 진단 가치가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to improve the reliability of the composite material blades used for the wind power generator, by applying the phased array ultrasonic testing technique out of the many nondestructive test into the blades. Method: The wind power generation composite blades are used, as a case study, in order to evaluate the reliability of the phased array ultrasonic testing technique. Defects that are most likely occurred in the field are injected into the different locations of the three different types of artificial test pieces and then phased array ultrasonic testing technique are applied to evaluate the reliability of its effectiveness. Result: As a result of the analysis of the defect signals by applying the A scan and B scan simultaneously, depth and width of the defect could be obtained. An area of defect was proportional to the amount of energy by color in B scan image. The larger amount of energy, reflected amount of energy was appeared in the order of red, orange, yellow, blue color. Conclusion: The most reliable testing method to detect the defect in composite blades for wind power generation is considered to be the combination of the other destructive testing technique with the phased array ultrasonic testing since the PAUT alone could not detect all range of the defects in the blades.