• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.159-164
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of scapular dynamic stabilization exercise(SDex) with electromyography(EMG) biofeedback on the upper trapezius(UT), pectoralis major(PM) and serratus anterior(SA) activities. Fifteen healthy male voluntarily participated in this study. A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The study showed, through EMG biofeedback, that EMG activity significantly decreased in the UT, PM and increased in the SA(P<0.05). These results suggest that SDex with EMG biofeedback is effective to selectively strengthen the SA. This article is meaningful in that it is the first article using SDex with EMG biofeedback.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.435-441
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• 2012

This study is intended to provide a basic clinical data useful for preventing shoulder injuries related to occupation and curing them, by measuring the shoulder muscle activity of normal adults in an arm posture type of a wide shoulder joint angle, according to several differences of hand grip force. In order to examine the shoulder muscle activity during hand grips at a variety of intensity, according to the arm posture type, MVCs of all subjects were measured, and %MVCs of anterior deltoid, supraspinatus, the upper trapezius and infraspinatus at 0 degree, 90 degrees and 160 degrees of shoulder angle were yielded according to the grip force in an arm posture type, changing the maximum grip force into 30%, 50% and 90%, randomly. When measuring the hand grip at 30%, 50% and 70% of the maximum grip force to compare %MVC of each group depending on the arm posture type, there were no significant differences of muscle activity at 0 degree of shoulder angle among anterior deltoid, supraspinatus, the upper trapezius and infraspinatus, but there were significant differences of it among them at 90 degrees and 160 degrees of should angle(p<.001). According to the results of post-hoc test, also, anterior deltoid had the highest muscle activity, whereas the upper trapezius had the lowest muscle activity.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.97-103
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity of cervical erector spinae & upper trapezius while using a smartphone according to anterior pelvic tilt & posterior pelvic tilt in sitting position. & we also want to obtain basic data necessary for development of IoT devices. Fifteen healthy men & women aged 20-30 were enolled, After anterior pelvic tilt & posterior pelvic tilt in sitting position were adjusted, they used a smartphone for 5 minutes & EMG signal was measured simultaneously. We used median 3 minutes of measured EMG signal. The results of this study were as follows: In the sitting position, the use of smartphone in anterior pelvic tilt had significantly lower %RVC values in both cervical erector spinae (p <.001), left upper trapezius (p <.001) & right upper trapezius (p <.002) in comparison with posterior pelvic tilt. This means that anterior pelvic tilt make vertebrae maintain normal curvature & prevent forward head posture occurred while using a smartphone. It reduces loads around neck & shoulders, so that %RVC value is significantly lowered. In the future, new posture corrected IoT devices with an aspect of pelvic tilt should be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of tote bag weight on muscle thickness of pectroalis minor and tone of upper trapezius in young adult women. 27 women habitual of carrying tote bags. The subjects were measured the tone of the upper trapezius muscle and the thickness of the pectoralis minor muscle while carrying tote bags with the weight of 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% of the subjects' body weight. As the weight load increased, the upper trapezius muscle demonstrated significantly increased muscle tone (p<.05). additionally, a significantly increased thickness in the pectoralis minor muscle was noted(p<.05). These findings suggest that the habit of carrying a tote bag on the wrist may be disadvantageous to improving the two muscles in young women. Therefore, this study recommend women who likely used tote bag decrease the weight of the bag.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.205-212
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect that muscle activity of upper extremity and functional test in the case of the stroke patient by using the feedback mirror therapy. Sixteen subjects were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. one group was trained feedback mirror therapy and other group was action observation training. This process was carried out five times a week for eight weeks. To upper extremity test was used to MFT, FMA and in order to test UT, DM, BB, FCR, ECRL used to muscle activity. After the training, exclude FCR an upper extremity motor function of target showed significant difference between two groups and especially an experimental group showed significant muscle activity and MFT, FMA score improvement of UT, DM, BB, ECRL. Therefore, feedback mirror therapy is more upper extremity motor function and muscle activity improvement effect than action observation training.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.194-200
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• 2021

Recently, incorrect and unhealthy postures have become increasingly prevalent due to reasons such as smartphone use. Consequently, imbalanced muscle contraction occurs. In particular, if the oblique muscle is contracted, the accessory nerve will be compressed, causing ischemic pain in the upper trapezius muscle. To investigate the effect on pain in the upper trapezius muscle, this study applied the ischemic compression method to the accessory nerve capture point at the 1/3-point of the oblique cervical muscle. In this study, the ischemic compression method was applied to eight women twice a week for four weeks, and pain was evaluated before, immediately after, and three weeks after application. The visual analogue scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and pressure dynamometer were used to evaluate subjects' pain. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the pain was significantly reduced after treatment, and that the pain reduction was still effective three weeks after completion of the intervention, indicating that the intervention on the accessory nerve compression point on the oblique cervical muscle was both effective and long-lasting for pain reduction in the upper trapezius muscle. Future studies should increase the number of subjects to check not only pain reduction in the upper trapezius muscle, but also improvement of neck function.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.227-235
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cervical vertebral height and shoulder stabilization on anterior head posture in people with turtle neck. The subjects of this study consisted of normal and healthy people with 30 turtle necks. Subjects were randomly assigned to shoulder stabilization exercise and cervical vertebrae exercise (30 men, 15 men and 15 women, height: $168.67{\pm}6.51$, $22.33{\pm}8.27$, $65.03{\pm}11.98$, and $28.66{\pm}1.91$), In the experimental group, shoulder stabilization exercise and cervical spine exercise were performed for 4 weeks. Deep neck flexor, leavator scapular, upper trapezius, rhomboid, and lower trapezius showed significant differences in shoulder stabilization and cervical vertebrae before and after the experiment. As a result, the CVA value decreased significantly and the muscle activity value increased significantly when exercise and Mckenzie program were applied. These results show that exercise and Mckenzie programs have a positive effect on turtle neck improvement.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.123-131
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate difference of activity of scapular stabilizer muscles among push-up, knee push-up and wall push-up exercise. Eight male college students were recruited as participants without any history of shoulder or pathology. The results showed that serratus anterior, anterior deltoid, infraspinatus were higher muscle activities than other scapular stabilizer muscles during push-up exercise and muscle activity of standard push-up exercise was higher muscle activity than that of Knee and Wall push-up exercise. Also, We know that knee push-down exercise was more effective than wall push-down exercise for scapular stabilization.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of combined postural correction exercises (CPCE) on muscle stiffness and muscle activity in children with cerebral spastic diplegia(CSD). The subjects were 3 children (2 male and 1 female) with CSD from 4 to 7 years old. The measurement sites were upper trapezius muscle(UT), rectus abdominis muscle(RA), and gluteus maximus muscle(Gmax), muscle stiffness and muscle activity were measured using Myoton and surface EMG, and the symmetry of both sides was also examined. As a result, children with severe compensatory action showed decreased muscle stiffness and muscle activity in UT and RA and increase in Gmax after CPCE intervention. Especially, the left and right symmetry of the muscles was decreased. In this study, despite some limitations, CPCE have shown a positive effect in posture correction of children with CSD.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.265-271
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• 2021

This study aimed to define the diagnostic criteria for cervicogenic headache and propose an efficient method of clinical evaluation and physical therapy. Fifteen patients with cervicogenic headache and 15 healthy individuals were recruited and categorized into the test group and the control group, respectively. The groups were compared in terms of muscle characteristics, muscle activity and posture, and the intervariable correlations were analyzed for the test group. A significant between-group difference was found in the stiffness of the suboccipital muscle and the tone and stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle (p<.001). In posture comparison, a significant difference was noted in neck tilt angle and the T1 slope angle (p<.05). The activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was also significantly different between the groups (p<.001). When the correlations among the muscle characteristics, the posture, and the activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle were analyzed for the test group, a positive correlation was found between the tone and the stiffness of the suboccipital muscle (p<.001) and between the tone and the stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle (p<.001). The findings of this study suggest a more efficient approach for the assessment and treatment of cervicogenic headache patients. It is considered that, further studies including more subjects of various job categories and comparing the outcomes.