• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.665-680
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• 2009

This study aims at analyzing the performance of Real Estate Investment Trusts(REITs) by Risk Adjustment Model. The main results are as follows. Firstly, most property types of REITs gain positive(+) excess overall returns at first and second period. On the contrary, most property types of REITs gain negative(-) excess overall returns and their standard deviations are larger at financial crisis period. Secondly, lodging, regional mall and commercial mortgage show lower risk-lower return, and freestanding, apartment and specialty show higher risk-higher return than average REITs, according to the CAPM results of . Moreover CAPM results of show the characteristics of REITs as investment commodities changes into higher risk-higher return for financial crisis period. Lastly, risk adjusted demanded returns of REITs are affected positively(+) by systemic risks and negatively(-) by unsystemic risks, according to the Risk Adjustment Model results of both and . Comparing risk adjusted demanded returns of REITs with their realized returns, healthcare reveals the largest outperformance.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate how inner resources of at-risk adolescents evolved through resource-oriented song psychotherapy (RoSPT). For this study, an RoSPT program was developed based on existing literature. Eight weekly group sessions of the RoSPT program were conducted with 25 adolescents who were under probation of prosecution. After completion of the program, 10 of the adolescents participated in individual interviews about the experience of RoSPT. Transcriptions of the interviews were analyzed via content analysis. The results identified nine types of inner resources that were utilized by the participants: hope/desires, challenge, endurance, sense of achievement, sense of competence, pride, discovering true self, courage, and internal locus of evaluation. The study supports that RoSPT can be applied to enhance inner strength of at-risk adolescents who often lack contextual and relational support. Further studies on qualitative exploration of resource formation can be helpful.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.3827-3833
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• 2011

This paper performed empirical tests of the validity of the pecking order theory which explains financing behavior of firms under information asymmetry. The results of regression analyses using the data of listed manufacturing companies in the Korean Stock Market from 1981 to 2010 have shown strong evidences supporting the pecking order theory. Especially regression coefficients of change of debt on funds deficit and control variables were found to be almost (+1) with statistically significance, which is interpreted as being consistent with the pecking order theory. Same results were found when I performed regression analyses by dividing the sample period into pre-currency crisis period, currency crisis period and post-currency crisis period and using 2 regression models. Change of tangible asset were found to function as collateral rather than reducing information asymmetry and as the firm size decreased, use of debt increased and as profitability increased use of debt decreased, which are consistent with the pecking order theory.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.44
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• pp.7-43
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• 2008

This study aims to identify a new direction in the consumer-brand relationship by quantitatively approaching from the psychological aspect consumers' brand love, which is the most powerful strategic element in forming an emotional consumer-brand relationship. What significance does brand love have in a consumer-brand relationship? Brand love is the most fundamental in the emotional consumer-brand relationship. Through brand ownership, consumers add meaning to their lives, and love brands by expressing themselves. Love is a scale that understands consumer-brand relationship from the most interpersonal aspect and can be considered as the most essential element in an empathetic relationship. Consumers' brand love not only determines brand image and reliability but through brand loyalty, it also influences market competitiveness. In addition, as a medium that can overcome brand crisis, it serves as a turning point of the relationship and can enhance the strength of consumers' brand love. Under such generational and theoretical background, this study took a psychological approach on love in emotional consumer-brand relationship. Focusing on the most representative theory and classification of love, Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love, types of brand love were examined. 552 questionnaires were distributed through a survey with mobile phone service and product brands, and a factor analysis was conducted. Types of brand love revealed through the results of this study were very similar to Sternberg's types of love, and it was found that the types of brand love varied based on product category. It can be suggested that the concept of brand love is an important strategic idea in brand communication.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.14 no.2 s.56
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• pp.114-124
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• 1999

정보통신분야에서도 IMF 위기극복의 타개책의 하나로 해외시장 개척 및 진출확대를 촉진하는 방향으로 정책의 기조가 전환되고 있다. 본 고에서는 지난 15여 년 간 선진 통신장비 업체들의 해외진출 실태 파악을 통해 그 특성과 유형을 분석함으로써, 향후 국내 통신업계의 해외진출 전략수립 시 고려해야 할 몇 가지 시사점을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.440-442
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• 2012

데이터를 대량 생산하는 스마트 기기가 대거 등장한 요즘 빅데이터는 대용량 데이터를 분석하여 가치 있는 정보를 추출하고 이 지식을 바탕으로 위기에 대응하거나 변화를 예측하는 정보기술이다. 그러나 아직 빅데이터에 대해 분류하거나 분석하는 기술의 연구가 미비하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 빅 데이터의 개념, 배경, 분석기술 현황에 대해 분석하고 빅 데이터 유형 분석 및 분석 기술의 향후 전망을 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.98-103
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• 2011

도심하천에서 채집된 어류는 총 7과 17종 315개체가 확인되었으며, 자연하천에서 채집된 어류는 6과 21종 1,033 개체가 조사되었다. 도심하천에서 출현한 한국 고유종은 치리(Hemiculter eigenmanni)와 얼룩동사리(Odontobutis interrupta) 2종(11.8%)이었으며, 생태계교란야생동물에 속하는 종인 배스(Micropterus salmoides)가 폐쇄형 하도습지에서 출현하였다. 자연하천에서 출현한 한국고유종은 쉬리 (C. splendidus), 배가사리(Microphysogobio longidorsalis) 등 총 13종(61.9%)으로 고유종의 빈도가 높았고, 멸종위기 II급에 속하는 종인 묵납자루(A. signifer)와 가는돌고기(Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa) 등 2종(9.5%)이 조사되었다. 두 하천의 군집분석을 비교한 결과 도심하천이 자연하천에 비해 우점도와 균등도 지수가 높게 나왔다. 이와 같은 결과는 도심하천과 자연하천이 같은 유형의 서식처이지만 도심하천의 경우 양안 수변대와 제방구축, 하천정비, 고수부지의 시멘트화 등의 원인과 오염원의 유입, 풍부한유기물 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.260-269
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• 2013

Gender role identity is a key subject toward adaptation in later life. In this paper, we tried to understand the specific types and characteristics of gender role identity in view of older men. The research collected and examined 40 representative descriptions representing gender role identity, including 20 for masculinity and 20 for femininity from 40 older men. We obtained four types of gender role identity of older men from this research. "Powerful-expressive type" is energetic and reveals his brave and dominant tendency when they are working. "Powerful-taciturn type" is strongly independent and has a firm conviction, but they do not express those characters and remain silent. "Powerful-paternal type" handles his work with a driving force, and has a tender character. "Paternal-caring type" finds his own worth in life by caring for his family and children, and considers others more than himself. Future research is needed to verify how the types of gender role identity are linked to psychosocial adaptive aspects, health behaviors, mental and physical health.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.163-175
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• 2003

The research was aimed to find a special quality to the mathematical concept development using a graphing calculator in the collaborative learning. I could observe the process in which the students had formed the generalized and abstract mathematical concepts after they were given different concepts. I \ulcorner-Iso observed the characteristics of how they started with a vague syncretic conglomeration and approached to the complicated thoughts and genuine concepts. The advance of the collection type was achieved in the process of teacher's confirming of what the students had observed with a calculator. The language and the instrument were used in order for students to control the partial process. Also, they were given similar types of problems to make them clear when the students confronted 'the crisis of thoughts' at the level of pseudo-concept.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.712-717
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• 2008

오늘날 빠르게 변화하고 있는 기술 및 시장 환경에 대응하기 위해서 기업들은 차별화된 전략을 통해 경쟁우위를 확보하는 것이 필요하다. 특히 2000년 이후 침체기에 빠진 온라인 업계는 기업 간 연결을 통해 위기를 극복하고 새로운 기회를 마련하려 하고 있다. 전략적 제휴는 온라인 기업에게 기술과 시장에서의 경쟁력을 확보하는 데 매우 유리한 도구로서 논의되어 왔다. 그러나 모든 온라인 기업들이 제휴에 대해 만족하고 있지는 않다. 제휴에 참여한 업체들이 제휴 만족을 얻지 못하는 데에는 처음부터 변화에 대한 대응이 잘못되었거나 적절한 형태의 제휴를 선택하지 못하였기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기업의 환경요인을 중심으로 국내 온라인 기업의 전략적 제휴 유형에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고 제휴 만족도를 분석하고자 한다. 이러한 요인들은 기존의 선행연구들에서 사용된 변수들을 통합적으로 고려하여 경쟁불확실성, 수요불확실성, 기술불확실성, 자원특성, 제휴의지로 재구성하였으며, 종속변수로는 제휴만족을 사용한다. 특히 시장지향형제휴와 기술지향형제휴의 형성에 서로 다른 요인들이 영향을 준다는 데 초점을 맞춘다. 연구 결과를 통해 각각의 전략적 제휴 유형이 주는 제휴 만족도가 다르다는 것을 보여줌으로써 국내 온라인 기업들에게 제휴에 대한 전략 방향을 제시해주고자 한다.