• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.221-230
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to examine how laughter therapy impacts serotonin levels, QOL and depression in middle-aged women and to perform a path analysis for verification of the effects. Methods: A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group and pre-post design was conducted. Participants were 64 middle-aged women (control=14 and experimental=50 in 3 groups according to level of depression). The intervention was conducted five times a week for a period of 2 weeks and the data analysis was conducted using repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA and LISREL. Results: Results showed that pre serotonin and QOL in women with severe depression were the lowest. Serotonin in the experimental groups increased after the 10th intervention (p=.006) and the rise was the highest in the group with severe depression (p=.001). Depression in all groups decreased after the 5th intervention (p=.022) and the biggest decline was observed in group with severe depression (p=.007). QOL of the moderate and severe groups increased after the 10th intervention (p=.049), and the increase rate was highest in group with severe depression (p<.006). Path analysis revealed that laughter therapy did not directly affect depression, but its effect was indirectly meditated through serotonin variation (p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that serotonin activation through laughter therapy can help middle-aged women by lessening depression and providing important grounds for depression control.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to apply laughter therapy to clinical practice and investigate its effects on patients' anxiety and depression in order to increase the quality of nursing for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: The study was conducted based on the non-equivalent control group pretestposttest design. The participants include 20 patients with IBD in the control group and 17 in the experiment group. Data was collected from July 10th, 2011 to January 22nd, 2012. Laughter therapy was administered once a day for five consecutive days. Results: The anxiety score was significantly different between the two groups and indicates that laughter therapy is effective for reducing anxiety among patients with IBD. Futhermore, there were differences in the depression scores of the experiment group between the pre-test and post-test, but no significant differences were found between the two groups. Conclusion: The results show that laughter therapy was effective in reducing anxiety among patients with IBD but did not decrease depression directly. Considering that the experiment group had a bigger reduction rate in depression scores than the control group. However, it is expected that laughter therapy will serve as an emotional nursing intervention for patients with IBD.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the of laughter therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress among patients underwent radiotherapy. Methods: Participants in the study were comprised of 60 breast cancer outpatients who received radiotherapy. Thirty-one of the patients were assigned in the experimental group and the other 29 patients made up the control group. Laughter therapy was consisted of the delivery of information and active motion resulting in laughter. We provided laughter therapy 4 times for 2 weeks. Each session lasted 60 min. The experimental group received laughter therapy intervention as a group. An average attendance frequency per person was 2.7. To evaluate the effect of laughter therapy, the degrees of depression and anxiety were measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) and stress was measured by the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument (BEPSI). Data analysis included a 2-test, t-test, and Fisher's exact test using SPSS 12.0 and SAS 8.0. Results: There was significant decrease in the degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress in the experimental group compared to those in the control group (p<.01, p=.04, and p<.01, respectively). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that laughter therapy is an effective intervention in improving depression, anxiety, and stress in breast cancer patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.80-93
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• 2014

This paper examines how split-screen technique works to meet the goals and strategies of the narrative in the romantic comedy films which deal with love and sex. The plot of romantic comedy films aims to the union and marriage of the couple, but is structured to delay the union as much as possible through comical situations and episodes. Usually split-screen scenes are placed before plot point 2 and serve to make a laugh and humor. Besides, it helps focusing on two main characters. Comedy related to love and sex comes from information gap between two main characters which can cause a tension, double meaning of spoken words and combination of split-screen images. Michael Gordon's Pillow Talk(1959) and Peyton Reed's Down with Love(2003) are reviewed in this study.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effects of Tai-Chi exercise and self-help management program applying laughter therapy in patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: This quasi-experimental study recruited a sample of 61 patients with osteoarthritis (experimental group: 30, control group: 31) through the community healthcare centers located in Seoul and Kyung Gi area. The primary outcome measures included symptoms of osteoarthritis, basic physical performance, fatigue, and depression assessed before and after the study. The data were analyzed using SPSSWIN V. 12.0. Results: At the end of the six-week intervention, left shoulder flexibility (t=2.011, p=.049), 6m walking speed (t=3.639, p=.001), and right balance (t=-2.30, p=.025) were significantly improved in the control group. Fatigue (t=3.012, p=.004), stiffness (t=2,093, p=.041), right shoulder flexibility (t=2.138, p=.037), right balance (t=-2.065, p=.043), and 6m walking speed (t=2.683, p=.009) were significantly improved in the experimental group. Conclusion: A twice a week, 6-week tai-chi exercise self-help management program applying laughter therapy is effective in decreasing fatigue and stiffness. Osteoarthritis is one of common chronic diseases that the patients should be required to continue self management for the rest of their life. Therefore, there is a need to develop the more effective self-help management program and nursing intervention to motivate them to maintain their own self-help management.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate Laughter Index, depression and anxiety in middle-aged women. Method: The data were collected from 622 middle-aged women by means of structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis by SPSS version 10. Results: The measuring of respondents' laughter index revealed they scored an average of 94.75 (${\pm}16.13$) of the full score 150. The measuring of respondents' depression showed they marked an average of 42.69 (${\pm}7.72$) of the full score 80. The measuring of respondents' anxiety showed they marked an average of 42.03 (${\pm}9.48$) of the full score 80. Respondents statistically showed the significant difference in their laughter index depending on age(t=.917, p=.000), and economic status(F=21.710, p=.000). Respondents statistically revealed the significant difference in depression depending on religion(F=3.396, p=.018), economic status(F=13.660, p=.000). Respondents statistically revealed the significant difference in anxiety depending on religion(F=5.557, p=.001), economic status(F=16.79, p=.000). The laughter index related to depression and anxiety in middle-aged women were significantly correlated. Conclusion: This study showed that laughter index in middle-aged women was correlated negatively depression and anxiety. Further research is regarded as necessary to evaluate and to compare effects of laughter with physical health status.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.188-198
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of laughter therapy on depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of sleep in gastrointestinal cancer survivors. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. We compared the effect of laughter therapy with usual care only in post chemotherapy gastrointestinal patients. Outcomes included changes in depression and anxiety (according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), fatigue (according to the Fatigue Severity Scale), and quality of sleep (according to the Verran & Synder-Halpern Sleep Scale). Data was collected July 2015 through January 2016. Seventy nine participants who agreed to participate in this study were randomized to either the experimental group (n= 40) or the control group (n= 39). Therapy included eight sessions (60 minutes each, once weekly). Data were analyzed using the Windows SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Laughter therapy was effective in reducing fatigue (p= .019) and increasing satisfaction of sleep (p= .030). There were no differences between the groups after therapy for depression (p= .129) and anxiety (p= .200). Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that laughter therapy may be an effective nursing intervention for improving the health status of gastrointestinal cancer survivors after chemotherapy.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.63
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• pp.221-252
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• 2016

This study aimed to looked into the conversion of the genre, and the aspects of the transition in gramophone records that were based on classical novels. And also considered the orientations of the gramophone records that were based on classical novels. Followings had been found as the results of this study. First, there were 31 kinds of the gramophone records. All of them were based on the 10 kinds of Korean classical novels like a (심청전), (춘향전). Second, the gramophone records that were based on classical novels verified the original genre. And the plot were reconstituted center for enhancive the dialogues. Third, on one hand these gramophone records stuck to tradition of its original texts. and the other hand they pursued the light laugh without reference to the tradition of Korean classical novels.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.218
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• pp.18-21
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• 2008

연말연시가 되면 늘 그랬듯이 새해 새 마음으로 살자고 다짐한 게 엊그제 같은데 어느새 또 다른 새해가 코앞에 와있다는걸 느끼곤 '참세월 빠르구나' 하는생각이 들곤 합니다. 새해를 맞이할 때는 계획도 풍성히 새로운 마음도 넉넉히 준비하지만 막상 연말이 되면 온전하게 맺어 놓은 것이 별로 없음에 공허한 웃음만 만들어 냅니다. 하지만 인생은 이렇듯이 늘 새로운 희망과 후회라는 그림자가 항상 함께 하는 것을 알기에 조금 더 나은 미래의 손짓에 또 즐거운 한해를 맞이하게 되었습니다. 당뇨병 관리를 잘 하는 것은 누구나의 소망이지만 잘 관리한다는 것은 매우 어렵습니다. 모든 일에는 굴곡이 있듯이 혈당도 변화가 있을 수 있기 때문에 당뇨병을 관리하는 것은 생활비를 쓰는 것과 같다고들 합니다. 매달 똑같은 생활비를 쓸 수 없는 것처럼 항상 똑같은 혈당을 유지하기는 어렵습니다. 예를 들어 100만원을 매달 생활비로 사용한다면 이번 달은 90만원을 쓸 수 있고 다음 달은 110만원을 사용할 수도 있는 것처럼 이렇게 조금씩은 덜어내고 보태서 사용하는 겁니다. 모든 일이 완벽할 수는 없기에 당뇨병에 대한 생각과 느낌 즉 마음가짐은 매우 중요합니다. 그럼 이런 당뇨병을 어떻게 맞이해야 할까요?

• 건강소식
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• v.12 no.2 s.111
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• pp.2-7
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• 1988

마산-. 바다 냄새가 물씬 풍긴다. 봄을 연상케 하는 따스한 날씨, 다정하게 손을 잡은 연인의 웃음이 싱그럽게 느껴진다. 갖은 해물, 생성들을 즐비하게 늘어놓은 시장 상인들의 외침이 시끄러운 차 소리들 사이로 건강하게 메아리친다. 그들 사이에 오가는 대회는 어렵거나 고상한 종류의 것이 아닌, 생활 · 삶 그 자체에 대한 얘기들. 그들은 내 물건을 더 팔기 위해 경쟁하지 않는다. 오늘 더 많이 벌었다 해서 커다란 부자가 되는 것도 아니고, 아무리 돈이 중요한 세상이지만, 인간이 만든 수단에 인간이 지켜야 하는 최소한의 참다운 모습을 팔기를 원치 않기 때문에...... 그들의 그런 인간다움이 더욱 따사로움으로 다가온다. 그것은 서로에 대한 관심이며, 공간하는 삶의 부분이며, 그것이 곧 나의 삶인 것이다. 건강을 생각해 본다. 올바르고 행복한, 인간다운 삶을 꾸려가기 위해 그 어느 것과도 바꿀 수 없는 것. 때때로 그것은 서로에 대한 관심, 애정에 의해 그 가치를 발하게 되기도 한다. 이번 성공사례담의 주인공 이병규씨(35세, 한국항공화물 마산영업소장, 겨남 창원시 퇴천동 121-10). 그의 건강을 걱정하는 한 친구의 우정 어린 충고로 받은 건강검사에서 ‘지방성 간질환’이라는 병을 발견, 10개월간의 투병생활 끝에 정상을 회복한 경험담이 그 예이다.