• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.269-279
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• 1995

가압경수로에서 증기발생기와 같은 주기기를 원자로 내부에 위치하도록 설계한 원자로를 일체형 원자로라고 분류하며, 기존 상용원자로와 같이 모든 주기기가 별도의 압력용기로 설계되어 배관계통에 의해 원자로 외부에 순환회로를 갖는 형태의 원자로를 분리형원자로라고 한다. 최근에 개발되고 있는 한 부류의 신형원자로에서는 원자로 및 계통의 단순성 추구와 계통의 높은 신뢰성으로 안전성 향상을 위해 동력원 사용 등의 능동적 안전개념 보다는 자연현상을 이용하는 피동안전개념이 널리 도입되고 있다. 본보고서에서는 이러한 신형원자로의 노형으로서 일체형원자로의 특성을 전통적인 분리형원자로와 비교, 분석, 평가하였다. 일체형원자로의 가장 큰 장점은 모든 주기기가 단일 압력용기 내에 위치하므로 일차계통이 매우 단순하고 대구경 배관이 없기때문에 대형 냉각재 상실사고가 근본적으로 방지되어 안전계통이 매우 단순하다는 것이다. 이 외에도 일체형원자로는 대단히 많은 일차냉각재 용량, 매우 큰 가압기 용량및 긴 운전원 조치시간등의 설계특성을 보유하고 있어 안전성이 탁월하다는 장점을 지니고 있다. 그러나, 일체형원자로는 모든 주기기가 단일 압력용기 내에 설치되므로 대형 원자로 용기가 요구되며, 원자로 압력용기의 제작성 및 운송 능력이 원자로의 용량을 제한하는 주된 요인이 된다. 일체형원자로의 활용으로 열병합 발전, 지역난방 및 선박용 원자로등의 중소형 원자로에 매우 적합하다고 판단되며, 뛰어난 안전성으로 인하여 사회적 수용성 이 강조되는 상용발전로로서도 적합한 노형이 될 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.54-64
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• 2015

The modular construction has several advantages such as high quality of product, safe work condition and short construction duration. The manufacturing planning of modular construction should consider time frame of manufacturing, transport and erection process with limited resources (e.g., modular units, transporter and workers). The manufacturing planning of multi modular construction project manages the modular construction's characteristics and diversity of projects, as a type of modular unit, modular unit quantities, and date for delivery. However, current modular manufacturing planning techniques are weak in dealing with resource interactions and each project requirement in multi modular construction project environments. Inefficient allocation of resources during multi modular construction project may cause delays and cost overruns to construction operation. In this circumstance, this research suggest a manufacturing planning model for schedule optimization of multi project of modular construction, using genetic algorithm as one of the powerful method for schedule optimization with multiple constrained resources. Comparing to the result of the existed schedule of case study, setting optimized scheduling for multi project decrease the total factory producing schedule. By using proposed optimization tool, efficient allocation of resource and saving project time is expected.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Systematic safety research by Korea Government has been made to enhance the safety of CNG (compressed natural gas) vehicles since the burst of compressed cylinder of an urban bus in August 9, 2010. This article summarizes some major activities to ensure the safety of CNG vehicles, which covers review of regulation, safety management system including standard of inspection and certification, and training program of inspectors and car mechanics. Specifically, the followings were reviewed; type of CNG cylinder, location of CNG cylinder, material and type of fuel line and vent line, modification of pipeline connection, installation of gas detector, installation of emergency shutdown valve, installation of protecting cover for cylinder, obligations for CNG vehicle filling station. improving periodical inspection, routine test on gas vehicles, training program for engaged in gas vehicles, and designation of safety manager for CNG bus company. This paper suggests how to improve safety of CNG vehicles as a result of review of above mentioned check items.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2008

Air pollution associated with the SOx emission from the shipboard propulsion and generation engines is becoming one of the major environmental concerns these days. Lead by the international organizations including IMO and European Union, a significantly strengthened air pollution related regulations have been introduced and they are becoming in practice as scheduled. Such rules are basically giving the guidelines for permissible SOx emission which can be only met by using high quality fuel oils with less sulfur content or operating scrubbing systems aiming at reducing SOx at the engine exhaust. Since both countermeasures can lead to the cost increase in ship building and operation, Korean shipbuilding industries, leading the world's market, need to be well aware of the ever changing regulations and be prepared with proper solutions. Here, we briefly summarize such latest rules and regulations on the air pollution at sea, and review some technical issues on the scrubbing systems available with some suggestions.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.43-48
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• 2008

The object of this paper is to evaluate on constructability of modular steel frame with the hollow structural steel section to LEB C-shape. A modular building is built with factory-manufacture and site-construction. The advantage of a Modular building presents that enhanced building quality, shortened construction period and easy at an expansion and enlargement for buildings but also has demerits such as size restriction of the modular units according to the Road Traffic Law and Inflexibility of the unit composition. So in this study we use light-weighted structure members with bolted joint for easy Knock-down and traffic, also we evaluated the constructability of this bolted joints type modular buildings.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.97-158
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to research on the contents and improvement of national legislations relating to space development in Korea to make the sustainable progress of space development project in Korea. Korea has launched its first satellite KITST-1 in 1992. The National Space Committee has established "The Space Development Promotion Basic Plan" in 2007. The plan addressed the development of total 13 satellites by 2010 and the space launch vehicle by 2020, and the launch of moon exploration spaceship by 2021. Korea has built the space center at Oinarodo, Goheng Province in June 2009. In Korea the first small launch vehicle KSLV-1 was launched at the Naro Space Center in August 2009, and its second launch was made in June 2010. The United Nations has adopted five treaties relating to the development of outer space as follows : The Outer Space Treaty of 1967, the Rescue and Return Agreement of 1968, the Liability Convention of 1972, the Registration Convention of 1974, and the Moon Treaty of 1979. All five treaties has come into force. Korea has ratified the Outer Space Treaty, the Rescue and Return Agreement, the Liability Convention and the Registration Convention excepting the Moon Treaty. Most of development countries have enacted the national legislation relating to the development of our space as follows : The National Aeronautic and Space Act of 1958 and the Commercial Space Act of 1998 in the United States, Outer Space Act of 1986 in England, Establishment Act of National Space Center of 1961 in France, Canadian Space Agency Act of 1990 in Canada, Space Basic Act of 2008 in Japan, and Law on Space Activity of 1993 in Russia. There are currently three national legislations relating to space development in Korea as follows : Aerospace Industry Development Promotion Act of 1987, Outer Space Development Promotion Act of 2005, Outer Space Damage Compensation Act of 2008. The Ministry of Knowledge Economy of Korea has announced the Full Amendment Draft of Aerospace Industry Development Promotion Act in December 2009, and it's main contents are as follows : (1) Changing the title of Act into Aerospace Industry Promotion Act, (2) Newly regulating the definition of air flight test place, etc., (3) Establishment of aerospace industry basic plan, establishment of aerospace industry committee, (4) Project for promoting aerospace industry, (5) Exploration development, international joint development, (6) Cooperative research development, (7) Mutual benefit project, (8) Project for furthering basis of aerospace industry, (9) Activating cluster of aerospace industry, (10) Designation of air flight test place, etc., (11) Abolishing the designation and assistance of specific enterprise, (12) Abolishing the inspection of performance and quality. The Outer Space Development Promotion Act should be revised with regard to the following matters : (1) Overlapping problem in legal system between the Outer Space Development Promotion Act and the Aerospace industry Development promotion Act, (2) Distribution and adjustment problem of the national research development budget for space development between National Space Committee and National Science Technology Committee, (3) Consideration and preservation of environment in space development, (4) Taking the legal action and maintaining the legal system for policy and regulation relating to space development. The Outer Space Damage Compensation Act should be revised with regard to the following matters : (1) Definition of space damage and indirect damage, (2) Currency unit of limit of compensation liability, (3) Joint liability and compensation claim right of launching person of space object, (4) Establishment of Space Damage Compensation Council. In Korea, it will be possible to make a space tourism in 2013, and it is planned to introduce and operate a manned spaceship in 2013. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the policy relating to the promotion of commercial space transportation industry. Also it is necessary to make the proper maintenance of the current Aviation Law and space development-related laws and regulations for the promotion of space transportation industry in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.927-935
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• 2009

Environmental shape objects not only play a part as various cultural facilities but also symbolize local unique culture beyond the limit of functional role. Therefore subway environmental shape objects should be approached in terms of public installations and art and should be designed to accommodate and meet the needs of subway users appropriately. In order to find out what subway users think about environment shape objects in subway stations, the factors that can evaluate awareness and preference for environment shape objects and visual image of environment shape objects were examined and analyzed. Positive elements were shown with regard to environment shape objects a lot but it is judged that visual quality of subway environment can be deteriorated if environment shape objects do not harmonize with the characteristics of station environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.446-456
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• 2010

Environmental sculptures not only play a part as various cultural facilities but also symbolize local unique culture beyond the limit of functional role. Therefore subway environmental sculptures not only should be approached in terms of public installations and beauty but also should be designed to meet the needs of subway users appropriately. In order to find out what subway users think about environment sculptures installed in subway stations, the factors that can evaluate awareness and preference for environment sculptures and visual image of environment sculptures were examined and analyzed. Positive elements have been shown with regard to environment sculptures but it was judged that visual quality of subway environment can be improved more if environment sculptures keep in harmony with the characteristics of stations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.275-289
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• 2018

It is necessary to develop a bridgehead port for trading with northern countries to promote trade through the East Sea because the East Sea Rim economic bloc around the Northeast Asia including South Korea, China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea has a high growth potential in the future. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a strategic direction to enhance the competitiveness of Donghae Port through reinforcement of container cargoes by conducting Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) for stakeholders of Donghae Port. The analysis results suggest that it is necessary to improve the five evaluation factors: attractiveness of container and bulk volumes, appropriate ratio of export/import container quantities, frequency of vessel entry and diversity of sea routes, convenience of complex linked transportation, and competitiveness of cargo handling equipment. The implications of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to continuously research the current status of container and bulk cargo volumes of the port and ways to increase the absolute cargo volume. Second, we need to consider realistic alternatives to improve the ratio of export/import container quantities. Third, in terms of network, we should establish a service improvement plan to increase the frequency of port calls and the diversity of sea routes. Furthermore, incentives should be provided to increase the trade volume of Donghae Port through strengthened complex linked transportation function. Finally, it is urgently necessary to provide investment support for container handling equipment as an essential requirement for the activation of the container cargoes in Donghae Port.

• 전기의세계
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.18-28
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• 1994

현재까지 개발되고 있는 자기부상열차는 상전도 방식과 초전도 방식의 2종류로 대별 할 수 있다. 즉 상전도방식은 상전도 전자석에 의한 흡인력에 의해 지상에서 1cm정도를 부상하여 주행하는 시스템으로 영국의 버밍행공항의 People mover, 독일의 Transrapid, 일본의 HSST, 우리나라의 한양대, 자기 부상열차사업단, 대우중공업, 현대정공의 EXPO전시운행선등이 개발되어 있다. 초전도방식으로는 초전도전류에 의한 반발력에 의해 10cm이상 부상되어 운행되는 시스템으로 MLU 시스템이 있는데 지진이 심한 일본에서 개발되었다. 영국의 버밍햄공함의 People mover는 1984년부터 실용화되어 무인자동운전시스템으로 10년간을 아무 문제 없이 운행되고는 있지만 선로길이 620m 정도의 소규모 저속운송시스템에 지나지 않는다. 반면 독일의 Transrapid시스템은 31.5km의 트랙을 설치하여 시속 450km까지 운행을 계속하여 현재 15만km정도의 운행실적을 올리고 있다. 최근 독일내각은 함부르크-베를린 사이의 290km에 이르는 선로를 2005년까지 완공하기로 결정을 내리고 금년 상반기에 착공을 할 예정이다. 따라서 세계적으로 실용화단계에까지 도달한 대규모 고속시스템으로는 단연 Transrapid시스템을 꼽을 수 있다. 이에 Transrapid사와 미국, 일본등의 각 국에서 그간 세밀하게 조사하여 검토한 자료를 상세하게 소개하므로써 신교통시스템으로서의, 자기부상열차의 적합성과 개발의 타당성 및 당위성을 제시하여 이 분야에 관심있는 분들에게 참고는 물론 우리나라의 개발방향 설정에 유익한 자료가 되었으면 한다.