• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.3 s.61
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• pp.303-309
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• 2000

An accurate quantitative biomechanical evaluation for the spasticity caused by the disorder of central nervous system was made in this study. A sudden leg dropper was designed to generate objective testing environment at every trial. 3-dimensional motion analysis system(Elite. B.T.S. Italy) was used to measure kinematic data which were angle. and angular velocity of a lower limb. A program was developed to analyze the kinematic data of lower limb motion. and dynamic EMG data at the same time. To evaluate spasticity quantitatively. total 26 parameters including 14 parameters newly driven were analyzed, and statistical analysis were made for bilateral correlations. Results showed possibility to make accurate quantitative and objective evaluation for spasticity with various new parameters using new devices and program.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2003

CCD observations of times of minimum light of IQ Per with apsidal motion were made in VR bandpasses for four nights from November to December, 2002. From the observations four times of minimum light were determined. All times of minimum light collected from literatures, including ours, were analyzed to determine the apsidal motion parameters of IQ per. The sidereal and apsidal motion periods were calculated to be $0.^{s}035$ and $0.^{y}2$ slightly longer than those of Degirmenci (1997), respectively. The apsidal motion parameters of IQ Per derived in this paper show good agreement with Degirmenci's values. Our results support his internal density constant of $k_{2obs}$ = 0.0038 for IQ Per and 5 % accuracy of agreement between the observed and modelled values of the apsidal motion constant.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.24-27
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• 2009

본 연구는 일개 농촌주민들을 대상으로 신체구성, 운동(과거 운동여부), 체력상태, 골밀도를 조사하고, 골밀도와의 관련된 요인을 파악하여 농촌 주민들의 골다공증 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 143명을 대상으로 연구하였고, 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조사대상자들 연령이 증가할수록, 교육수준이 낮을수록 골밀도가 낮았다(p<0.05). 2. 만성질환이 있는 경우는 없는 경우보다 골밀도가 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 체중 BMI 체지방량 제지방량이 많이 나가는 경우가 낮은 경우보다 골밀도가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 4. 과거 운동을 했던 경우와 기초대사량이 높은 경우, 근육량이 많은 경우 골밀도가 높았다(p<0.01). 5. 악력 윗몸일으키기 팔굽혀펴기 등 체력이 좋은 경우 골밀도가 높았다(p<0.01). 6. 골밀도 수치를 종속변수로 한 다중 회귀분석결과 연령, 만성질환 유무, 과거 운동유무가 유의한 변수로 나타났다.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

The variable control in the inductive inference for the confirmation and verification when the experimental data are collected is studied by applying the principle of probability inference. The control in engineering experiments is to protect any effect by of intervening variable except primary independent variable on the dependent variable. By the special condition the possibility for developing a phenomenon will be maximized; otherwise, by the extraneous condition the possibility for developing a phenomenon will be minimized. By doing so, the control may provide insurance for the causal relationship between the certain prior event (independent variable) and the post-event (the dependent variable). Some experiments by using both elliptical trainer and tread mill under the variable control are performed in order to find the relations between the energy expenditure, the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and the heart rate (HR) against the exercise speed.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2003

Studies of muscle fatigue have mostly been checked under isometric exercise. However EMG signals from isotonic exercise generate uncontrollable noise, so there were difficulties in gathering reliable median frequency and muscle fatigue index if frequency analysis was equally applied in isometric exercise. This study tried to compare the differences of muscle fatigue determinant variables in terms of median frequency searching methods of EMG signal, which was estimated in isotonic exercise. To accomplish this, we determined median frequency by using different FFT intervals and overlapping ration of consecutive FFT sections under the same EMG signal, and then searched for a linear regression line, and compared initial median frequency, slope, and muscle fatigue index which were variables under the linear regression line. In result of comparison, initial median frequency was more elevated as FFT exercise interval became larger. The slope of the linear regression line showed distinguishable decreasing tendency as FFT intervals were larger and overlapping sections were smaller. Significant tendency of muscle fatigue index in FFT interval was shown by high muscle fatigue index in specific FFT intervals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2023

To understand the atomization performance in gas-liquid swirl-coaxial injector applied to a small rocket engine, a cold-flow test was performed by varying the design parameters and supply condition of propellants. As the swirl-chamber diameter and the angle of the convergent section, which are design parameters of injector increased, the spray performance of the injector improved by increasing the swirl strength. In addition, as the gas-liquid momentum-flux ratio increased, the gas flow separated some of the droplets from the liquid film, and a gas-droplet mixture core was formed in the center of the spray sheet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.232-241
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the interaction between middle and high school archery trainers and players to the exercise satisfaction, trust and adherence. In particular, this study was to develop and examine a theoretical model through theory trimming. To achieve the goal of this study, some of the archery trainers and players participated in korea archery championship in 2007 were selected as a collected group. Total 220 participants were selected using the purposive sampling method to analyze the relationships between archery trainers and players. The data collection method was a brochure named 'the survey on the interaction, exercise satisfaction, adherence, Trust socio-demographic characteristics' Chronbach' a was calculated to check up the reliability and was $.661{\sim}.855.$. Reliability analysis, correlation analysis, SEM were used to analyze the collected data. The results were as follows. First, the interaction between middle and high school archery trainers and players influences on the exercise satisfaction. More interaction gives the players more exercise satisfaction. Second, the interaction between archery trainers and players influences on the trust for trainers. More interaction makes the more trust. Third, the interaction between archery trainers and players did not influences on the exercise adherence. Fourth, the exercise satis)action influences on the trust for trainers. More exercise satisfaction makes the more trust. Firth, the exercise satisfaction did not influences on the exercise adherence. Sixth, the trust influences on the exercise adherence.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2007

Numerical results from the "figure-of-eight" motion of Phormia-Regina in Part 1 indicate that vortical structure and vortex dynamics do play a critical role in lift and thrust generation. The aerodynamic force generation of insects' wing could be governed by aerodynamic parameters such as Reynolds number; kinematic parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and component of the figure of eight motion; and morphological parameters such as wing shape and the number of wing. In the present work, the effects of Reynolds number, reduced frequency and motion component are investigated in detail to clarify aerodynamic characteristics of insect wing. Through numerical results and their physical interpretation, the mechanism of aerodynamic force generation is presented more clearly. Rotation turns out to be the most important component in thrust generation and subsequent counterclockwise rotational circulation is closely related with thrust generation.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.585-590
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• 2014

Chowdbury. H.는 인체를 다수의 원형 실린더로 단순화하여 스키점프와 사이클 운동복의 항력계수를 각각 측정하였다. 이처럼 원형 실린더에 스피드 스케이팅 운동복을 씌운 모습과 골프공에서 사용하는 딤플의 2차원 형상이 서로 유사한 모양임을 착안하여, 2차원 원형 실린더 표면의 딤플이 유동 현상에 어떤 효과를 일으키는지 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서는 초기 형상을 토대로 3가지 딤플 형상 변수에 대한 매개변수 설정을 통해 항력계수를 비교하였다. 또한 3가지 딤플 형상 중 가장 낮은 항력계수를 갖는 딤플 형상에 대해서 요철 높이에 따른 항력계수를 비교하였다. 이를 통하여 딤플 형상이 각진 모양보다 둥근 모양일수록 항력계수가 작은 것을 확인하였으며, 요철 높이를 제외한 모든 조건이 동일할 때 최적의 요철 높이가 존재할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 1993

삼 자유도를 가진 부유물체의 동적 응답을 이론적으로 연구하였다. 평면내 방향 운동모우드에 대한 지배방정식을 선형화한 후, 그들의 조화해를 평명밖 방향 운동모우드의 방정식과 연성시켰다. 그렇게 해서 주어지는 방정식은 시간에 따라 변화하는 계수를 가진 형태로서, 평면밖 방향의 운동만을 보일 것으로 예측되는 부유물체가 평면밖 방향의 운동을 보일 수도 있음을 밝혔다. 동역학적 불안정성과 그 결과로 나타나는 평면밖 방향의 대진폭 운동을 보이고 있다. 본 결과는 주기적으로 동요하는 부유물체가 서로 연성된 운동을 하는 현상으로도 해석할 수 있다.