• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5-12
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• 2011

Macro- and micro-behaviors of soluble granular media during dissolution process is investigated by numerical analysis. Soluble media are represented by assemblies of non-soluble particles and soluble particles with the different soluble particles contents. Dissolutions of particles are implemented by reducing sizes of soluble particles. The numerical simulations results exhibit that the vertical displacements increase to certain times and become constant while the porosities still increase until no soluble particles are present. However, the porosities and vertical displacements increase with the increase of soluble particles content. The microscopic views show that the fabrics of media change during dissolution process until the certain times, the higher soluble particles contents, and the larger change in fabric.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.824-835
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• 2019

In recent decades, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have extensively been investigated as a potential cancer drug. Oncolytic viruses have primarily the unique advantage in the fact that they can only infect and destroy cancer cells. Secondary, oncolytic viruses induce the activation of specific adaptive immunity which targets tumor-associated antigens that were hidden during the initial cancer progression. In 2015, one genetically modified oncolytic virus, talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), was approved by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of melanoma. Currently, various oncolytic viruses are being investigated in clinical trials as monotherapy or in combination with preexistent cancer therapies like immunotherapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy relies on the balance between the induced anti-tumor immunity and the anti-viral response. Despite the revolutionary outcome, the development of oncolytic viruses for the treatment of cancer faces a number of obstacles such as delivery method, neutralizing antibodies and induction of antiviral immunity due to the complexity, variability and reactivity of tumors. Intratumoral administration has been successful reducing considerably solid tumors with no notable side effects unfortunately some tumors are not accessible (brain) and require a systemic administration of the oncolytic viruses. In order to overcome these hurdles, various strategies to enhance the efficacy of oncolytic viruses have been developed which include the insertion of transgenes or combination with immune-modulatory substances.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.429-434
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• 2021

The feasibility of lecithin as a material for dissolving microneedles to improve skin permeability of drugs and the effect of the composition of lecithin on the mechanical strength, solubility, and skin permeability of rhodamine B (RhB) of the dissolving microneedles were investigated. Dissolving microneedles with needles of uniform shape and size were fabricated with the mold made using the laser-writing technique, simpler and more efficient method compared to the photolithography method, the conventional method to fabricate the microneedle mold. The composition of lecithin in the microneedle affected the mechanical strength and solubility of the needle thus, the mechanical strength of the needle increased as the composition of lecithin in the needle increased, resulting in improving the skin permeability of RhB contained in the microneedles. When comparing the microneedles containing same composition of amylopectin (AP), the skin permeability of RhB of the microneedles containing lecithin was higher. These results indicate that lecithin can be used as a material for dissolving microneedles and the skin permeability of the microneedle could be controlled by changing the composition of lecithin.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2010

Many salts have the ability to attract and remove water vapor from the surrounding environment. The ability of each salt to remove water vapor is based on the flow rate and temperature of air in surrounding. The objective of this study was toinvestigate the humid control characteristics in air-water system by using a desiccants. The aim is to asses the influence of three parameters on the humid control process which are air volume rate, air temperature and desiccant amount. Humidity control materials which consist of K (potassium) or Na (sodium) have been synthesized by the aqueous process. The humidity control properties of materials have been also investigated. Experiment results are as following. Thermal characteristics of desiccants showed similar properties regardless of processing condition. The experiments were examined by using artificial air-water system (humidity : 70~93%, air volume rate : $0.22{\sim}0.69m^3/s$). The results showed that the Na-type desiccant was an effective material. It was found that dew point increased with air volume rate, and the humidity change in humid control process was depended on desiccants amount.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1988

In the case of white cocoon, the fluorescence colors are classified as a yellowish fluorescence cocoon(Y.F.C.) and a violet fluorescence cocoon(V.F.C.) by exposing to ultra-violet ray. Accordingly, experiments were carried out to investigate the difference of sericin behaviors between Y.F.C. and V.F.C. by measuring the sericin solubility, surface tension and viscosity of the sericin solution. Also, the reelability of two different type of cocoons was investigated in the silk reeling process. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The sericin solubility of Y.F.C. shell is higher than that of V.F.C. shell with the dissolution temperature and time. It is shown that the sericin solubility curves of Y.F.c. and V.F.C. are similar in shape, but the difference of sericin solubility between Y.F.C. and V.F.C. is more significant at higher bath temperature. 2. The initial sericin dissolution curves of Y.F.C. and V.F.C. cocoon shell can be divided by four parts within the range of dissolving time from 5 minutes to 60 minutes. The initial dissolution velocity of Y.F.C. shell is faster than that of V.F.C. but the velocity difference is negligible after 30 minutes of dissolving time. 3. The gelation of V.F.C. sericin solution is faster than that of Y.F.C. at early stage(in the range of 15 minutes to 60 minutes). 4. In the silk reeling process, the reelability of Y.F.C. is better than that of V.F.C. with about 11%. This is mainly due to the higher sericin solubility in Y.F.C. followed by the fast dissolution velocity.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.64.1-64.1
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.17-25
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• 2011

A fabric of soil media may change due to certain factors such as dissolution of soluble particles, desiccation, and cementation. The fabric changes affect the mechanical behavior of soils. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of geo-material dissolution on shear strength. Experiments and numerical simulations are carried out by using a conventional direct shear and the discrete element method. The dissolution specimens are prepared with different volumetric salt fraction in sand soils. The dissolution of the specimens is implemented by saturating the salt-sand mixtures at different confining stresses in the experimental study or reducing the sizes of soluble particles in the numerical simulations. Experimental results show that the angle of shearing resistance decreases with the increase in the soluble particle content and the shearing behavior changes from dilative to contractive behavior. The numerical simulations exhibit that macro-behavior matches well with the experimental results. From the microscopic point of view, the particle dissolution produces a new fabric with the increase of local void, the reduction of contact number, the increase of shear contact forces, and the anisotropy of contact force chains compared with the initial fabric. The shearing behavior of the mixture after the particle dissolution is attributed to the above micro-behavior changes. This study demonstrates that the reduction of shearing resistance of geo-material dissolution should be considered during the design and construction of the foundation and earth-structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.125-125
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• 1993

Saikosaponin은 한방에서 중요하게 사용되고 있는 시호의 항염증작용 성분으로서 주로 염증의 후기 단계에 작용하고 있다. 그러나 현재 시호는 생약자체로만 사용되고 성분이 약물로서 개발되지 못하고 있다. 그것은 Saikosaponin의 용해성이 극히 저조하여 제제화하기 힘든 때문이다. 연자는 시호 Saponin의 용해성을 증가시킬 목적으로 시호 Saponin의 하나인 saikosaponin-a를 Pyridine 중에서 succinic anhydride와 반응시켜 6"-hemisuccinyl saikosaponin-a를 얻고 이를 THF에 용해한 후 KOH와 반응시킨 후 다량의 THF를 추가하여 hemisuccinyl esler의 potassium염을 합성하였다. 이 화합물의 용해도를 원래의 Saponin과 비교시험하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.755-764
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• 2000

Fate and transport of hydrophobic organic contaminants can be influenced by naturally-existing humic substances and surfactants applied to wash polluted soils in the subsurface environment. The objective of this paper is to study the solubility enhancement of four PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) and p,p'-DDT in humic acid and surfactant solutions. As the number of aromatic ring is increased, the extent of solubility enhancement of PAHs by humic acid increased. Although the hydrophobicity of p,p'-DDT was the largest among five organic compounds used, the extent of solubility enhancement of p,p'-DDT by humic acid was lower than that of pyrene. In case of anionic surfactants, the extent of the increased solubility of five organic compounds by SDS and SDDBS was increased linearly, but the extent of the increased solubility of p,p'-DDT by MADS-12 was lower than that of perylene.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.122-133
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• 1995

물체의 착색목적으로 쓰여지고 있는 재료로서 염료 및 안료가 있다. 이들의 구별은 일반으로 물 또는 기타의 용제에 용해하는(말을 바꾸면 용해상태로 사용된다) 색소를 염료라 하고 불용의 것을 안료라 한다. 그러나 염료의 요건으로서 또 하나의 중요한 성질은 염착성이다. 아무리 색이 있다하더라도 "염색됨"의 것이 아니면 염료로는 볼 수 없다. 즉 염료의 기본요건은 색, 용해성 및 재료(여기에서는 피혁)에의 염착성이 있어야 한다고 말할 수 있다. 또 염료는 견뢰성을 가져야 한다. 여기에서는 이점을 중심으로 피혁의 염색작업자의 입장에서 염료의 성질, 염색성 및 염료의 견뢰도에 대해 고찰하고자 한다.