• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.1 s.74
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• pp.64-68
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• 2007

Recently, there has been considerable research in the field of application of Laser-Arc hybrid welding for superstructures, such as ship-structures, transport vehicles etc. However, the study on heat distribution and welding residual stress of hybrid weld by numerical simulation leaves much to be desired. Therefore, in this study, an optimized welding condition and numerical simulation for hybrid welding, using previous numerical analysis to calculate the heat source for hybrid welding, has been analyzed. For this purpose, fundamental welding phenomena of the hybrid process, using Laser and, is investigated. In order to calculate temperature and residual stress distribution in hybrid welds, a finite element heat source model is developed on the basis of experimental results and characteristics of temperature. Residual stress distribution in hybrid welds are understood from the result of simulation, and compared with the experimental values.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2010

청정에너지원의 수요가 증가함에 따라 에너지원의 공급로의 역할을 하는 강관의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 소재가공 기술의 발전과 함께 경량의 고장력 강재의 적용은 공급로의 역할을 하는 강관의 비용절감 및 자원의 효율적 이용 측면에서 지속적으로 연구 개발을 이어왔다. 이러한 추세에 따라 구조용 또는 라인파이프용 강관에서도 고장력 강재의 적용과 함께 고인성 그리고 용접성의 향상을 위한 다양한 라인파이프용 강재의 개발과 이의 적용이 그간 활발히 진행되어왔다. 용도상 반드시 필요한 특성인 고장력, 고인성, 용접성 등 외에도 다양한 강재의 사용에 따른 제조공정상 즉 용접공정에서 발생될 수 있는 용접부의 기계적 특성 변화에 대한 특성 연구 및 기술 연구가 계속 되어왔다. 주로 강관을 생산하는데 쓰이는 ERW (Electric Resistance Welding) 공정에서도 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. ERW는 높은 생산성과 낮은 제조비용의 장점을 가지고 있으나 용접 후 용접부의 기계적 특성 감소로 인한 단점이 있다. 때문에 기계적 특성향상을 위해 최적의 용접조건에 대해 연구해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 4가지 합금강관의 ERW 용접시 용접 입열량의 변화와 용접부의 후열처리를 통한 미세조직의 변화와 기계적 특성에 대해서 고찰하였다. 4강종 시편의 미세조직을 OM, SEM을 통한 분석 이후 인장시험 및 경도시험 등을 통해 기계적 특성을 평가하였다. 대부분의 시편에서 입열량의 증가에 따라 Ferrite 분율이 증가하였고 용접중앙부의 Ferrite 양이 용접경계부 보다 많았다. Ferrite 집중부의 분포가 극명하게 관찰되었던 DP780 (적정) 강종과 미세하게나마 Ferrite 집중부가 존재하였던 K55 (과소, 과대) 강종에서 나란히 경도 하락 현상이 관찰되었다. 이는 강종마다 고유의 Ceq, 합금 중 Mn 농도, 입열량 등에 의한 복합적인 이유 때문으로 판단된다. 탄소가 0.3~0.4 wt% 함유된 중탄소강인 S45C, K55의 경우 용접중앙부와 용접경계부의 페라이트 분율 차이가 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 용접시 열에 의한 탈탄현상으로 인해 나타나는 현상으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.773-781
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• 2008

As buildings are becoming taller and longer-spanned, the requirements of high-strength and reliable steels are becoming increasingly stringent. Structural steels, however, acquire significantly different mechanical properties when their strength becomes higher. In this study, the mechanical properties, welding characteristics, and conformities of the 600MPa-grade high-strength steel were tested. The 600MPa-grade steel plates exhibited stable criterion strengthvalues and showed low carbon equivalents (${\mathcal{Ceq}}$) and composition (${\mathcal{Pcm}}$) as well as excellent welding hardness. In the tensile strength test, all the specimens were found to have strengths of over 600MPa. In the Sharphy impact test, the impact-absorbed energy of the V-notch specimens was shown to be 47J at the KS limit. Moreover, the maximum hardness of the specimens in the weld-heat-affected zone at a normal temperature was the same as that before welding. Their weld metal properties, however, were found not to be as good as those of high-strength steel. As such, the details of high-strength steel must be determined.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2003

The study discussed in this paper investigated the material characteristics for the Thermo-Mechanical Control Process(TMCP) plates, which are controlled by several factors such as rolling, cold-stripping, cooling rate, and fixed carbon quantity. The suitability of thick TMCP steel plates as structural steel was also estimated through several experiments and with the us of a statistical method to analyze mill certificate sheets provided by the manufacturer. The results of this study are as follows: the TMCP steel plates showed stable values of the composition parameter ($P_cm$) and the carbon equivalents ($C_eq$ ) with satisfied yield strength, ultimate strength, and low-yield ratio.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.628-631
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• 2010

환경문제에 대한 관심으로 자동차에 대한 경량화가 요구되는 동시에 안전규제가 강화 되고 있어, 높은 인장강도를 가지는 고강도 강의 차체 적용 비율이 점차 증가하고 있다. 또한, 자동차 1대를 조립하기 위한 저항 점용접 횟수를 줄이고, 용접부에 충격안정성을 확보하기 위한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 따라서, 국내 자동차 산업에서 용접부의 신뢰성을 보장하기 다양한 비파괴 검사를 적용하고 있으며, 생산 공정에 적용하고 있다. 그중에서 용접 전극 사이에서 동저항(Dynamic resistance, 용접 공정중모재의 저항값의 변화)을 계측하여 용접성을 평가하는 방법이 제시되고, 차체 조립공정 중에 적용하려는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 자동차 차체용 냉간 압연강판(590MPa dual-phase steel)을 인버터 DC 저항 점 용접하여, 용접전극 사이에서 동저항을 측정 하였다. 용접성은 인장전단 강도로 평가하였고, 용접 공정 변수는 용접 전류, 용접 시간, 가압력을 선정하였다. 동저항 그래프의 ${\alpha}$-peak와 ${\beta}$-peak값을 인장전단 강도에 따라 회귀 분석하여, 동저항에 따른 인장전단 강도를 예측하였다. 추가적으로, 용접부의 외관 형상 중에 압흔 깊이와 압흔자국 지름에 대한 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 용접부 형상에 대한 신뢰성을 부여하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.711-723
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• 2012

Structural tests were performed to investigate the structural performance of concrete-filled steel tube column using different strength steels in their flange and web with high-strength steel HSA800 and mild steel SM490, respectively. The test parameters included the strength of column flange and infill concrete, and effect of concrete infill. Connection between different grade steels were welded using the electrode appropriate for mild steel and verified its performance. To evaluate the behavior of test specimens, eccentric loading tests were performed and the results were compared with the prediction by current design codes. Axial load and moment carrying capacity of test specimens increased with the yield strength of compression flange and weld fracture occurred after the specimen shows full strength. The prediction result for axial load-bending moment relationship and effective flexural stiffness gave good agreement with the test result.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.463-471
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• 2014

As building height and span is getting taller and longer, the researches to increase material's strength and serviceability are continuously performed. This study evaluated mechanical and chemical properties of newly developed high-strength steel (HSS) for building structures, namely HSA800 and verified cost-effectiveness and applicability of HSS for a tall building by comparing the analysis results of normal strength steel (SM490) model. HSA800 was manufactured by TMCP to have a good weldability in spite of HSS and satisfied Korean Industrial Standards (KS). The analysis results for evaluating cost-effectiveness show that total steel quantity could be saved approximately 30% when using HSS compared to SM490. It is expected that HSA800 will contribute to enhance constructability of building.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.193-196
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• 2006

Recently many research are going on in the field of application of Laser and Laser-Arc hybrid welding for superstructures such as ship-structures, transport vehicles etc. Therefore in this study an optimized welding condition and numerical simulation for hybrid welding by using previous numerical analysis which is used to calculate the heat source for Laser and Laser-Arc hybrid welding has been analyzed. For this purpose, fundamental welding phenomena of hybrid process(Laser+MIG) are determined based on the experiments. In order to calculate temperature and residual stress distribution in Laser and Laser-Arc hybrid welds, finite element heat source model is developed on the basis of experiment results and characteristics of temperature and residual stress distribution in Laser and Laser-Arc hybrid welds are understood from the result of simulation and found comparable to the experimental values.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.515-522
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the material characteristics of SHN400 steel, which is suitable as a steel material for building structures, using the experimental approach. For this purpose, the chemical composition test, tensile test, macro test, micro test, and charpy notch impact test were conducted with specimens taken from the highest, thickest, and commonly used H-beams for girder or beam members. Each test was conducted under the Korean Standard(KS) test conditions. All the test results satisfied the requirements of KS (KS D 3866) and the steel material for seismic design. The carbon equivalent value (Ceq), which is related to weldability, and the yield ratio, which is related to inelastic behavior, showed especially good results. Thus, SHN400 is definitely suitable as the steel material for building structures.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.7-12
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• 2013

Recently, the risk of fire outbreak is going up because of newly developed combustible materials are intended to apply more. Especially the steel framed structure can lose its load-bearing capacity when it is exposed to higher temperature condition such as a fire. So the pre-evaluation of fire resistance of the structure is very essential that the mechanical properties of yield strength and elastic modulus and thermal properties such as conductivity and linear expansion be required. To get the databases for SM 400 or welding structural steels at high temperature, various temperature conditions were used for deriving the yield strength, elastic modulus, linear expansion, and conductivity and the results were compared to those of SS 400, ordinary structural steel, respectively.