• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.15B no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

Foreign word transliterations are not consistently used in documents, which hinders retrieving some important relevant documents in exact term matching information retrieval systems. In this paper, a meta search method is proposed, which expands and refines relevant variant queries from an original input foreign word transliteration query to retrieve the more relevant documents. The method firstly expands a transliteration query to the variants using a statistical method. Secondly the method selects the valid variants: it queries each variant to the retrieval systems beforehand and checks the validity of each variant by counting the number of appearance of the variant in the retrieved document and calculating the similarity of the context of the variant. Experiment result showed that querying with the variants produced at the first step, which is a base method of the test, performed 38% in average F measure, and querying with the refined variants at the second step, which is a proposed method, significantly improved the performance to 81% in average F measure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.1073-1076
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• 2002

정보 검색시 질의어가 외래어일 경우에 검색의 재현율은 급격하게 감소된다. 이는 외래어에서 나오는 음역어의 불일치와 영어외래어, 한글음역어는 같은 색인으로 처리가 되지 않기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 영어외래어를 한글음역어로 자동 변환시키고, 자동 변환시에는 영어음소에 해당하는 발음값을 한글음소로 모두 변환시킨 다음 조합하였다. 조합된 음역어들은 다시 동치부류 DB에 저장되어, 질의어 검색시 검색어가 동치부류 색인어로 확장되어 검색된다. 제안한 검색시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 재현율을 측정하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2007

An information retrieval system, using exact match, needs preprocessing or query expansion to generate transliteration variants in order to search foreign word transliteration variants in the documents. This paper proposes an effective method to generate other transliteration variants from a given transliteration. Because simple rewriting of confused characters produces too many false variants, the proposed method controls the generation priority by learning confusion patterns from real uses and calculating their probability. Especially, the left and right context of a pattern is considered, and local rewriting probability and global rewriting probability are calculated to produce more probable variants in earlier stage. The experimental result showed that the method was very effective by showing more than 80% recall with top 20 generations for a transliteration variants set collected from KT SET 2.0.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2011

In Korean documents, there are diverse spellings of transliterated foreign loanwords. This fact diminishes the performance of information retrieval systems in that a foreign word can be recognized differently, which is to say, as two or several different words. Thus, information retrieval systems require preprocessing to correct nonstandard loanword spellings prior to searching and recognizing corresponding equivalent words. This paper proposes a method that improves precision and processing efficiency using the Korean alphabet's viable prefix, which prunes a virtual tree from which candidate loanwords are created.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1707-1714
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• 2015

The neural bases underlying within or between-language picture naming was investigated by using event-related fMRI. The present suudy explorered the following two goals: The first is to compare cortical activation areas relevant to naming process in native and foreign language, and to decide whether the activation pattern of the foreign word will be the same as native words or not. The next is to find the cerebral areas involved only in alternating language switching between native and foreign language condition. Differential activation patterns were observed for language switching against one-language. Both naming tasks all activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) as expected. However the differences in naming between languages were reflected in the activation amount of the LIFG, namely more activation in naming the native language than the foreign language. Especially, naming of the foreign word from English showed the similar area and size in activation with native language suggesting that the process of borrowed noun resembles that of native common noun. And the language switching between languages newly activated the right middle frontal gyrus as well as the left inferior frontal areas. The right middle frontal gyrus engagement in switching conditions obviously identified that right hemisphere is recruited in code switching possibly with respect to meta-cognition controlling language index at a subconscious level.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.114-121
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• 2007

한국어에 대한 음성적 유사도 비교 알고리즘은 다양한 음차표기로 사용되는 외래어에 대하여 유사도 비교에 따른 등가부류를 형성해줌으로써 정보검색의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 영어 환경에서의 음성적 유사도 비교 알고리즘인 SOUNDEX 알고리즘을 기반으로 하여 개발된 KODEX는 최소한의 제약사항으로 최대한의 재현율을 보였으나, 정확도 면에서 현저한 성능 감소를 보였다. 이를 보완하여 제안된 EKODEX 알고리즘은 Metaphone 알고리즘의 개념을 도입, 부분적인 모음 정보의 사용과 'ㅇ' 음가의 정보 보존 등의 제약사항을 통해 KODEX의 정확도를 끌어올렸다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 CKODEX 알고리즘은 KODEX와 EKODEX 알고리즘을 기반으로 한 것으로, 예외사항이 많은 한국어 발음 특성에 기반하여 세부적인 규칙을 정하고, 기존 알고리즘의 조건을 수정하는 방법으로 정확률과 재현율을 보다 향상시킴으로써 사용자의 질의어에 대한 클러스터링에 보다 효과적임을 밝혔다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2003.10d
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• pp.73-80
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 색인 방법에 따른 한국어 정보검색시스템의 성능차이를 살펴보고 이를 분석하여 보다 검색성능을 높이기 위한 색인어 추출방법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 기존의 대표적인 색인법이라 할 수 있는 명사단위 색인법, 형태소 단위 색인법, 바이그램 단위 색인법, 어절단위 색인법에 대하여 실험을 통한 비교분석을 하였고, 질의별 분석을 통해 검색성능에 영향을 주는 요소들을 찾아내었다. 그 결과 빈칸, 면사분해, 명사, 동사, 형용사, 숫자등을 포함한 실질 형태소, 형식형태소의 제거, 외래어 등 추정명사의 분해 및 발음확장, 후방 단음절 명사로 구성된 복합명사의 분해, 의미를 변절시키는 바이그램 제거, 분해된 명사 수에 따른 복합명사 첨가 및 제거 등이 그 요소임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 각 색인법의 장점을 살려 색인 및 검색을 수행하여 보았다. 제안하는 방법은 동일한 실험집합에서 일관성 있은 성능향상을 가져다 줌을 알 수 있었다.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.138-155
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• 2000

Background: Factors related to waiting and staying time for patient care in emergency care center (ECC) were examined during 1 month from Apr. 1 to Apr. 30, 1997 at an ECC of Yeungnam university hospital in Taegu metropolitan city, to obtain the baseline data on the strategy of effective management of emergency patients. Method: The study subjects consisted of the 1,742 patients who visited at ECC and the data were obtained from the medical records of ECC and direct surveys. Results: The mean interval between ECC admission time and initial care time by each ECC duty residents was 83.1 minutes for male patients and 84.9 minutes for female patients, and mean ECC staying time (time interval between admission and final disposition from ECC) was 718.0 minutes in men and 670.5 minutes in women. As the results, the mean staying time in ECC was higher in older age, and especially the both of initial care time and staying time were highest in patients of medical aid, and shortest in patients of worker's accident compensation insurance. The on admission or not, previously endotracheal-intubation state of patient. The ECC staying ti initial care time was much more delayed in patients of not having previous medical records and the ECC staying time was higher in referred patients from out-patient department, in transferred patients from the other hospitals and patients having previous records, and in patients partly used the order-communicating system. The factors associated with the initial care time were the numbers of ECC patients and the existence of any true emergent patients, being cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) statusme was much more longer in patients of drug intoxication, in CPR patients, in medical department patients, in transfused patients and in patients related to 3 or more departments. And according to the numbers of duty internships, the ECC staying time for four internships was more longer than for five internships and after admission ordering was done, also-more longer in status being of no available beds. As above mentioned results, the factors for the ECC staying time were thought to be statistically significant (P<0.01) according to the patient's age and the laboratory orders and the X-ray films checked. And also the factor for the ECC staying time were thought to be statistically significant (P<0.01) according to the status being of no available beds, the laboratory orders and/or the special laboratory orders, the X-ray films checked, final disposing department, transferred to other hospital or not, home medication or not, admission or not, the grades of beds, the year grades of residents, the causes of ECC visit, the being CPR status on admission or not, the surgical operation or not, being known personells in our hospital. Conclution: Authors concluded that the relieving method of long-staying time in ECC was being establishing the legally proved apparatus which could differentiate the true emergency or non-emergency patients, and that the methods of shortening ECC staying time were doing definitely necessary laboratory orders and managing beds more flexibly to admit for ECC patients and finally this methods were thought to be a method of unloading for ECC personnels and improving the quality of care in emergency patients.