• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.467-468
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.411-412
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.373-374
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.119-125
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) and luteolin from perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) leaves in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. A combination of RA and luteolin more strongly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NOS (iNOS), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), and COX-2 than higher concentrations of RA or luteolin alone in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The combined RA and luteolin synergistically inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, combined RA and luteolin more strongly suppressed NF-${\kappa}B$ activation than RA or luteolin alone, by inhibiting the degradation of inhibitor of NF-${\kappa}B(I{\kappa}B)$-${\alpha}$ and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-${\kappa}B$ in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Collectively, these results suggest that RA and luteolin in combination exhibit synergistic effects in suppression of LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.424-429
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• 1998

Cloud-point data at $230^{\circ}C$ and 1,800 bar are presented for two poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol)(PEVA) copolymers[9.9mol% and 17.8mol% vinyl alcohol(VA)] in ethylene, propane, propylene, n-butane, 1-butene, dimethyl ether(DME), and chlorodifluromethane(CDFM). The static type experimental apparatus with a view cell has been used for the experiment at the high pressure and temperature. The pressure-temperature (P-T) loops of PEVA(9.9mol% VA) copolymer-DME mixtures are presented at copolymer concentrations of 1.4wt% to 20.0wt%. Also, we presented the phase behavior of PEVA(17.8mol% VA) copolymer-DME system at copolymer concentration of 1.9wt% to 6.8wt%. The cloud-point curves for the PEVA copolymers in dimethyl ether showed single phase above 480 bar as a result of the hydrogen bonding between the vinyl alcohol unit and dimethyl ether. The pressure-concentration(P-x) isotherm loops of PEVA(9.9mol% and 17.8mol% VA)-DME system are obtained. The cloud-point curves for PEVA(9.9mol% and 17.8 mol% VA) copolymers andthe ethylene, propane, propylene, n-butane, 1-butene, and CDFM all show negative slopes of phase behavior and are located at pressures below 1,800 bar. For PEVA copolymer-DME system(9.9mol% VA), cloud-point curves show positive slopes that decrease in pressures with decrease in temperature in the temperature range of $80^{\circ}C$ to $160^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2005

We examined the effects of GnRHa on expression of the gonadotropin subunit gene in the pituitary and on syn-thesis of the plasma sex steroids (testosterone and 17$\beta$-estradiol) in protandrous black porgy. Fish were injected intraperitoneally with 0.2g GnRHa/g and then both the pituitary and the plasma were sampled 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after injection. The mRNA level of the FSH subunit increased at 6 hours post-injection, while the LH mRNA levels expressed are same with or without GnRHa treatment. Also, GnRHa stimulation caused a significant increase of the plasma testosterone (T) and 17$\beta$-estradiol ($E_2$) after 24 hours. The homologies of black porgy FSH to red seabream, Pagrus majoy FSH, snakehead fish, Channa maculata FSH and striped bass, Morone saxatilis FSH were $83.3\%,\;79.2\%$ and $76.0\%$ respectively. Amino acid homology analysis using the GenBank and EMBL general searches indicated that black porgy FSH has a high homology with yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus LH ($97.7\%$ identity) and red seabream LH ($83.3\%$ identity).

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 1982

Effect of the application time on the persistence of IBP and isoprothiolane in rice plant was studied in the field and effects of the water depth and soil texture on their persistence were also tested as a pot experiment. When granules were applied to the rice paddy water, two fungicides were readily absorbed through the root system and rapidly translocated to the upper parts of the plant. The concentrations of two fungicides in rice plant reached to the maximum within 24 hr regardless of the application time. When applied at the maximum tillering stage, the persistence pattern of two fungicides in plant showed similar trends; that is, residue levels of two compounds declined rapidly upto 7 days after application but more slowly thereafter. When applied at the heading stage, the persistence pattern of IBP in plant was similar to the maximum tillering stage while isoprothilane was quite different; 3 ppm reached on 3rd days after application was maintained almost constant for further 25 days. There was no effect of the water depth on the persistence of two compounds in plant and IBP concentration in plant was also not affected by soil texture. However, isoprothiolane in plant was higher in sandy loam than in loam and clay loam. Isoprothiolane residues in plant were much higher than those of IBP.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

The long-lived fission products $^{79}Se$ and $^{99}Tc$ have been considered as the major concern nuclides for the disposal of radioactive waste because of their high solubilities and the existence of anionic species in natural water. In this study, the solubilities of $FeSe_2(s)$ and $TcO_2(s)$, known as respective Solubility Limiting Solid Phase (SLSP) of selenium and technetium, were measured in the KURT (KAERI Underground Research Tunnel) groundwater under various pH and redox conditions. And their solubilities and major species were also calculated using geochemical codes under conditions similar to experimental solutions. Experimental results and calculation for $FeSe_2$ show that the solubility of selenium was found to be below $1{\times}10^{-6}mol/L$ under the condition of pH 8~9.5 and Eh=-0.3~-0.4 V while the dominant species was identified as $HSe^-$. For $TcO_2$, the solubility of technetium was found to be $5{\times}10^{-8}{\sim}1{\times}10^{-9}mol/L$ in the solutions of pH 6~9.5 and Eh<-0.1 V, while the dominant species was $TcO(OH)_2$. However, when the Eh of the solution is -0.35 V, $TcO(OH)_3^-$ and $TcO_4^-$ are calculated as the dominant species at pH 10.5~12 and pH>12, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 1976

In order to obtain the prediction of the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of soil without soil moisture test, compaction test results from 157 different places either under construction or already completed were analyzed. The analyzed results were as follow The relationship between the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of the soil showing a correlation coefficient of 0.96 indicated that there was a high correlation between them. From the above relationship we obtained the equation, ${\gamma}_{dmax.}={\frac{1}{0.4193+0.00937W_{opt.}}$ Equation between the optimum moisture content and the maximum wet density of the soil was $W_{opt.}={\frac{0.4193{\gamma}_{tmax.}}{0.937_{\gamma}_{tmax.}-0.01}$, and the values of the optimum moisture content being predicted with the maximum wet density of the soil showed a little difference between those and tested values. The values of the maximum dry density being predicted with the moisture content estimated by the maximum wet density of the soil were within the range of ${\pm}5%$ of its tested values. The relationship between the dry density and the void ratio showed a high correlation between them (${\gamma}=0.9706$). From the above relationship, we obtained the equation, ${\gamma}_{dmax.}={\frac{1}{0.3938+0.3426e}}$.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.512-527
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• 2001

Separated flows passed complex geometries are modeled by discrete vortex techniques. The flows are assumed to be rotational and inviscid, and a new techlnique is described to determine the stream functions for linear shear profiles. The geometries considered are the snow cornice and the backward-facing step, whose edges allow for the separation of the flow and reattachment downstream of the recirculation regions. A point vortex has been added to the flows in order to constrain the separation points to be located at the edges, while the conformal mappings have been modified in order to smooth the sharp edges and to let the separation points free to oscillate around the points of maximum curvature. Unsteadiness is imposed to the flow by perturbing the vortex location, either by displacing the vortex from the equilibrium, or by imposing a random perturbation with zero mean to the vortex in equilibrium. The trajectories of passive scalars continuously released upwind of the separation point and trapped by the recirculating bubble are numerically integrated, and concentration time series are calculated at fixed locations downwind of the reattachment points. This model proves to be capable of reproducing the trapping and intermittent release of scalars, in agreement with the simulation of the flow passed a snow cornice performed by a discrete multi-vortex model, as well as with direct numerical simulations of the flow passed a backward-facing step. The results of simulation indicate that for flows undergoing separation and reattachment the unsteadiness of the recirculating bubble is the main mechanism responsible for the intense large-scale concentration fluctuations downstream.