• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.218-222
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• 2003

본 연구의 목표는 난연화를 위한 기존 공법의 단점 보완과 환경 친화적인 난연제를 사용한 비 난연 XLPE 케이블의 난연화 방법과 최적의 난연 코팅액 배합에 있다. 전력용, 통신용 둥과 같이 고난연성이 요구되는 경우 기존 컴파운드 방법으로는 난연제를 다량으로 첨가하여 사용하며, base polymer와의 혼합성, 기계적인 물성에도 영향을 끼쳐서는 안 되는 등 여러 가지 요구 조건을 만족시켜야 하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 각 난연 코팅액에 따른 코팅 표면을 고찰한 결과 모든 코팅의 표면은 깨끗하였으며, 코팅층의 두께는 약 10-20㎛로 일정하게 코팅이 되었다. TBBA/Sb₂O₃, TBBA/Zinc Borate의 무게비(wt%)가 1:0.7 이상부터 난연 효과를 보였다. 또한 Mg(OH)₂/Zinc Borate의 경우는 무게비(wt％)가 1:0.5, 1:0.6에서 난연효과를 보였으나, 1:0.7 이상에서는 난연 효과가 떨어지는 현상을 보였다. Mg(OH)₂/AF100 S/Zinc Borate의 경우는 AF100 S의 첨가량이 증가할수록 난연성이 향상되었다. 난연 코팅액의 열 분해 거동을 비교한 결과, Mg(OH)₂/Zinc Borate의 경우 초기 분해 온도가 유기계 난연제를 사용하였을 경우보다 늦어졌으며, 최종 잔류 탄화물 양도 많이 생성되었다. Mg(OH)₂/AF100 S/Zinc Borate의 경우 난연 효과를 상승을 위해 인계 난연제(AF100 S)를 첨가하였으나. 오히려 초기 분해온도가 빨라졌으며 잔류 탄화물의 양도 적게 나타났다. 그러나 연소 테스트 결과 가장 우수한 난연 효과를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.16-22
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• 2002

The effect and the overall optimal operation of artificial aeration devices for mixing of thermally stratified water reservoir are under study, and its brief introduction is made. The study site is Yeoncho Lake in Geojae island, which is well known for its eutrophication problems in the summer. A few samplings have been made before and after the operation of two types of artificial aerators, and the effect is believed to be positive. Also, design methodology for such artificial aerators is reviewed and a few are applied to the case of Yeoncho Lake. Schladow's[1993] proposal is believed most proper based on the information we have gathered by now. In addition, a simple numerical experiment is also peformed to see the overall effect of the device on the flow and temperature profile.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2011

재료의 양단간에 온도차를 주어 전압 또는 전류가 발생하는 지벡효과와 반대로 전위차를 주어 온도차를 유도하는 펠티에 효과를 열전효과로 일컫는다. 이 열전효과에 관한 연구는 그 특수성 때문에 1950년대 이후로부터 많은 관심을 받아왔다. 최근 들어 석유자원의 고갈 및 신재생에너지에 대한 관심의 고조와 맞물리면서 열전재료 및 소자에 연구는 더욱 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 전도성이 있는 모든 물질은 열전효과를 가지는 데, 그 중 Bi-Te 합금계의 열전 물질은 상온에서 가장 우수한 열전성능지수를 가지는 것으로 보고되어, 이를 이용한 열전 재료에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 현재 상용화된 열전소자는 Bi-Te bulk를 이용하여 제조되고 있으나 열전성능지수의 한계를 극복하기 위해 나노구조화, 박막화시키는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 특히 박막화를 통해 열전소자의 상용화 및 양산화에 일조할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 하지만 열전소자의 양산화를 위해서는 대량생산에 용이한 증착공정이 개발되어야 한다. 증착공정 중 가장 양산화에 유리한 공정이 MOCVD (metal organic chemical vapor deposition)라고 생각되지만 이를 위해선 전구체의 특성 평가 및 공정개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구팀은 MOCVD 공정을 이용하여 저온, 저압에서 Bi-Te 합금계의 박막 성장에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 또한 적외선 분광 시스템을 활용하여 여러 전구체 중 최적의 Bi, Te 전구체 조합을 선별해내었다. 이 과정 속에서 Te 전구체의 독특한 분해특성 및 증착특성을 확인하였고, 이러한 특성을 조절하기 위해 Bi 전구체가 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 2021

Changes in greenhouse temperature and solar radiation due to fogging and shading were monitored during hydroponics in high temperature in summer season. Experiment 1 consists of four treatments, namely, Control, Shading, Fogging, and Fogging + Shading based on sunny days August. For Experiment 2, two melon cultivars of 'Dalgona' and 'Sopoong gaza' were cultivated in summer of 2020 using Fogging + Shading with the best result for temperature reduction effect from Experiment 1. As a result of Experiment 1, the effect of Fogging + Shading on temperature reduction was apparent where the inside was about 4℃ (as the lowest temperature) lower than the outside. Fogging + Shading showed the inside was 2-4℃ lower than the outside, and Fogging or Shading treatments had little difference, compared to the Control where the internal temperature of greenhouse was 3-4℃ higher than the external. For solar radiation changes between greenhouse inside and outside, the internal change was in a similar pattern between Fogging and Control, and between Shading and Fogging + Shading, respectively. In case of the Fogging treatment (similar with the Control) only the effect of solar radiation reduction as influenced by plastic greenhouse covering materials was examined. The Fogging + Shading had a very similar change in solar radiation to the Shading. Based on these results, Experiment 2 was conducted in summer of 2020 and resulted in a temperature reduction effect of about 3.9℃ according as the inside of air-conditioned greenhouse was kept 32.4℃ when the maximum temperature of the outside reached 36.3℃ in August during the cultivation period. In addition, the quality of melon fruit was good (1.3-1.5 kg of fruit weight, 12.6-13.3 of soluble solids content. In the case of using Fogging + Shading cooling treatment, it can bring about the effect of reducing the temperature during the high temperature in summer, and normal growth of melon and fruit harvesting were possible.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.244-250
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 에폭시/산무수물계에 경화촉진제를 첨가한 시료를 몰드(mold)내에서 등온 경화시킬 때 시료 내부의 온도변화를 측정하여 얻어진 온도-시간 곡선(temperature-time profile)을 조사하였다. 실험에 사용한 경화촉진제의 종류는 1-cyanoethy1-2-ethy1-4-methy1 imidazole(1E4MZ-CN), N,N-dimethy1 benzy1 amine(BDMA), 2,4,6-tris(dimethy1-aminomethy1)-phenol(DMP-30)이며 그들의 농도(c)는 1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,phr그리고 경화온도(T$_{cure}$ )는 65,70,85,95$^{\circ}C$로 하였다. 경화가 진행되는 동안 시료내부의 온도는 초기에 경화온도로 상승한 후 본격적인 경화 반응이 일어나기 시작하여 온도가 급격히 상승하였다가 다시 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 온도-시간 곡선상에 나타나는 온도가 최고로 상승되는 시점(t$_{peak}$ )과 그 때의 온도(T$_{peak}$ )는 촉진제의 종류와 농도 그리고 경화온도에 의하여 영향을 받았다. 사용한 경화촉진제중에 DMP-30이 가장 짧은 t$^{peak}$ 값을 가져 가장 우수한 촉진 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, T$_{peak}$ 는 촉진제의 농도와 경화온도가 증가할수록 상승하였다. 그리고 경화촉진제의 농도와 경화온도의 변화에 따른 t$_{peak}$ 과 T$_{peak}$ 의 변화를 보면 촉진제 농도와 경화온도가 낮을 때 그 변화가 민감하여 2E4MZ-CN 이 가장 민감한 촉진제로 나타났으며 또한 T$_{peak}$ 에 영향을 주는 여러가지 요소들을 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과로부터 자세히 살펴보았다.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.503-511
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate temperature reduction and heat budget of extensive modular green roof planted with Sedum sarmentosum and Zoysia japonica. Plant height and green coverage were measured as plant growth. Temperature, net radiation and evapotranspiration of concrete surface, green roof surface, in-soil and bottom were measured from August 2 to August 3, 2012 (48 hours). On 3 P.M., August 3, 2012, when air temperature was the highest ($34.6^{\circ}C$), concrete surface temperature was highest ($57.5^{\circ}C$), followed by surface temperature of Sedum sarmentosum ($40.1^{\circ}C$) and Zoysia japonica ($38.3^{\circ}C$), which proved temperature reduction effect of green roof. Temperature reduction effect of green roof was also shown inside green roof soil, and bottom of green roof. It was found that Zoysia japonica was more effective in temperature reduction than Sedum sarmentosum. Compared with the case of concrete surface, the highest temperature of green roof surface was observed approximately 2 hours delayed. Plant species, temperature and soil moisture were found to have impact on surface temperature reduction. Plant species, air temperature, soil moisture and green roof surface temperature were found to have impact on temperature reduction in green roof bottom. As results of heat budget analysis, sensible heat was highest on concrete surface and was found to be reduced by green roof. Latent heat flux of Zoysia japonica was higher than that of Sedum sarmentosum, which implied that Zoysia japonica was more effective to improve thermal environment for green roof than Sedum sarmentosum.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4C
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• pp.163-174
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• 2009

Mechanical device using the load cell or strain gage sensor can be influenced by tempearute changes because temperature change can cause a shift in the load cell or straing gage output at zero loading. In this paper, micro cone penetrometers with 1~7mm in diameter, are developed by using an optical fiber sensor (FBG: Fiber Bragg Grating) to compensate the continous temperature change during cone penetration test. Note the temperature compensated method using optical fiber sensor which has hair-size in diameter, and is not affected by environmental conditions because the measured data is the wavelength shifting of the light instead of the intensity of the electric voltage. Temperature effect test shows that the output voltage of strain gage changes and increases with an increase in the temperature. A developed FBG cone penetrometer, however, achieves excellent temperature compensation during penetration, and produces continuous change of underground temperature. In addition, the temperature compensated FBG cone shows the excellent sensitivity and detects the interface of the layered soils with higher resolution. This study demonstrates that the fiber optic sensor renders the possibility of the ultra small size cone and the new fiber optic cone may produce more reliable temperature compensated tip resistance.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.225-233
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• 2011

The volume change in concrete takes place with changes in temperature and water content immediately after concrete casting. In the early age stage, the thermal and drying shrinkages can cause cracks that are very crucial to the durability of concrete. It was reported that when the cement with lightly-burnt MgO powder was used, the shrinkage of concrete can be reduced. This study investigates fundamental properties of cement composites with lightly burnt MgO powder by performing various experiments. The stability test results verified that MgO powder in cement composites does not cause any abnormal expansion. Also, the hydrate product analysis results obtained from MgO cement paste showed that MgO powder reduces the shrinkage at the longterm ages. In addition, the cement composites containing the proper amount of MgO powder could improve compressive strength. Finally, the shrinkage reduction from using MgO powder can be optimized by increasing MgO replacement level and curing temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.806-811
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• 1995

The electrical properties for $(Ba,Sr)_{1-x}Y_xTiO_3$(x=0.001∼0.009, BSYT) with a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity(PTCR) effect were investigated. The BSYT powder was prepared by oxalate coprecipitation method. It was found that the large PTCR effect was appeared up to 0.3 mol% and decreased above 0.5 mol% of the yttrium concentration. The plot of temperature vs. $1{\varepsilon}$m(T) above Curie temperature($T_c$) was agreed with Curie-Weiss law. The potential barrier calculated from measured resistivity and dielectric constant of specimens was high up to 0.3 mol% and reduced above 0.5 mol% of yttrium concentration as the curve of PTCR effect.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.501-504
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• 2008

A number of structures constructed during past decades have suffered from safety and serviceability problems due to deterioration and many engineers have been increasingly concerned about durability of concrete. Pipe-cooling method has been popularly used in the massive concrete to reduce temperature of the structure. Until now, usually this pipe-cooling method was applied only in foundation concrete structures, but it is newly tried to apply in the wall structure. We analyzed thermal stress of wall structure with the general structural analysis program that will be able to express the pipe-cooling element. We studied about the effect of reducing temperature and cracking control in the wall structure which can be applied in a pipe-cooling method with the analytical result which follows in an arrangement of the cooling pipe.