• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1349-1353
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• 2008

최근 다양한 조사사업 및 연구용역을 통해 도출된 유관기관별 수질 및 오염원 자료가 방대해지고, 이를 관리하기 위한 인력 및 시간이 요구되고 있다. 그러나 이와 더불어 각 기관별 업무가 중복되고, 인력 및 시간의 부족으로 인한 조사자료의 질의 저하 및 부정확성 문제 등 오염원자료 관리에 있어 해결되어야 문제점들이 제시되고 있는 실정이다. 각 기관별 보유자료에 대한 자체 신뢰도는 매우 취약한 실정이며, 특히 생활계 오염원 자료의 기초가 되는 하수관거접속 인구, 물 사용량 자료와 축산계 오염원 자료의 기초인 인허가 자료 등은 자료간의 편차가 상당한 수준인 것으로 조사되었다. 오염총량관리제도 도입을 위한 자료 검증과정에서 기초자료 체계를 갖추는데 소요되는 기간만큼 계획의 수립이 지연 혹은 중단되는 사례가 최근 몇 년간 반복되고 있는 실정임을 감안할때 각 기관별로 계획수립에 필요한 자료의 수집 및 관리가 이루어져하는 당위성에 비추어볼 때 향후 오염총량관리제의 도입 등을 위하여 오염원 조사 뿐만 아니라 수문, 수질 기초 자료의 수집 및 체계적인 데이터베이스화를 통해 유관기관의 계획수립에 필요한 체계를 구축하고, 유역오염정보화의 근간을 마련하여야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 웹기반의 물관리 연구 네트워크를 구축하여 관련된 이해당사자들의 정보교류의 장으로서, 수행사업에 대한 홍보의 장으로서, 주요연구사항에 대한 학습의 장으로서 활용하게 된다. 체계적인 연구 네트워크 구성 및 유역환경정보 공유시스템의 구축은 물환경 인프라를 확충시키는데 매우 중요한 역할을 담당할 것이다.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.773-778
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• 2010

OWASP announced most of vulnerabilities result from the data injection by user in 2010 after 2007. Because the contaminated input data is determined at runtime, those data should be checked dynamically. To analyze data and its flow at runtime, dynamic analysis method usually inserts instrument into source code. Intermediate code insertion makes it difficult to manage and extend the code so that the instrument code would be spreaded out according to increase of analysis coverage and volume of code under analysis. In addition, the coupling gets strong between instrument modules and target modules. Therefore developers will struggle against modify or extend the analysis code as instrument. To solve these problem, this paper defines vulnerabilities as a concern using AOP, and suggest the flexible and extensible analysis method to insertion and deletion without increase of coupling.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.191-208
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• 2024

The peptide-type hepatotoxins microcystins (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) are secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria. MCs and NOD can bioaccumulate in agricultural products through toxin-contaminated water, soil, and manure and can cause human health risks through the consumption of agricultural products. As interest in the contamination of agricultural products by MCs or NOD has recently emerged, occurrence studies based on various analysis methods for agricultural products have been conducted. However, studies on agricultural products are still insufficient compared to research on drinking water and seafood. In addition, research is primarily conducted on agricultural products grown in areas where green algae occur, but not on marketed products. In the present study, we review the physicochemical properties, toxicity, analysis methods, occurrence studies, and management status of MCs and NOD in agricultural products to build a foundation for systematic monitoring and safety management.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.113-144
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• 2020

Throughout various data sources, it is widely observed that air quality in South Korea has become improved. Koreans, however, insist that their health status and economic burden due to worsened air quality get degenerated. This study aims to explain the mismatch between perception and measured data, air pollution-led medical expenses, and consumption behaviors in the economics perspectives. First, we demonstrated data-driven evidence of mismatch in the perceived severity of air pollution and its enhancement in measured data. Second, using the health demand model, we theoretically derived and empirically showed a co-rising relation between air pollution severity and medical expenses. Last, we analyzed that the perception led to increased defensive expenditures in consumption. This result implies the possibility of overestimation in air pollution impacts on socioeconomic losses and its possible reverse interpretation from increased social benefit after improved air quality. Our results recommend policy consideration to strengthen air quality standards, to support socially vulnerable groups regarding defensive expenditures, and to improve the accessibility and credibility of air pollution information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.504-515
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• 2012

Groundwater is widely used as drinking water supplies around the world. However, microbial contamination of groundwater is a serious environmental problem that degrades drinking water quality and poses a great threat to human health. Among the pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, viruses are not readily removed during transport through soils, having high mobility in groundwater environment due to their smaller size compared to bacteria and protozoa. Studies regarding the fate and transport of viruses in soils and aquifers are necessary to determine the vulnerability of groundwater to microbial contamination and to secure safe drinking water sources. Also, these studies provide important information to establish the regulations and policies related to public health. This review paper presented the field and laboratory studies conducted for the fate and transport of viruses in subsurface environments. Also, the paper provided the factors affecting the fate and transport of viruses, the characteristics of bacteriophages used for virus studies, and virus transport model/colloid filtration theory. Based on this review work, future researches should be performed actively to set up the viral protection zone for the protection of groundwater from viral contamination sources. Especially, the researches should be focused on the development of mathematical models to calculate the setback distance and travel time for the viral protection zone along with the accumulation of information related to the model parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1307-1311
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• 2005

최근들어 Water Security에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있지만 국내의 경우 이에 대한 체계적인 연구가 아직 진행되지 않았고 상수도관망시스템의 오염예방 및 위험관리에 대한 연구는 매우 미비한 실정이며 특히 상수도관망시스템의 위험성 및 취약성에 대한 연구는 전무한 상태이다. 이러한 상수도관망시스템의 위험도와 관련된 여러 위험요소들은 인명의 피해, 재산상의 피해, 환경적 피해, 시스템의 피해 그리고 사회적 불안등 여러 기준을 고려하여 평가되어야 한다. 이 문제는 다기준의사결정(multi-criteria decision making)문제로서 평가기준들(criteria) 간의 상충관계(trade-off)로 인하여 판단이 모호한 대안들을 PROMETHEE(Preference Ranking Organization METHod Enrichment Evaluations) 기법을 이용하여 평가하였다. PROMETHEE는 선호의 유출량(leaving flow)과 유입량(entering flow)의 개념을 이용하여 여러 대안들의 순위선호(outranking)를 산정하는 기법으로, 의사결정자(decision matter)가 비교적 쉽게 이해할 수 있으며 기존의 AHP$\cdot$ANP와는 달리 명확한 판단이 어려운 대안들에 대해서는 비교불가능한(incomparable) 대안으로 분류한다. 이와 같은 위험도 평가결과는 위기상황에 대한 대처방안을 제시할 의사결정시스템 구축의 기초 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.67-77
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• 2007

In sensor networks, it is very important to refresh communication keys of sensors in a periodic or on-demand manner. To perform a dynamic key management efficiently, sensor networks usually employ cluster architecture and each CH (Cluster Head) is responsible for key management within its cluster. In cluster-based sensor networks, CHs are likely to be targets of capture attacks, and capture of CHs threatens the survival of network significantly. In this paper, we propose a periodical key refreshment scheme which counteracts against capture of CHs. First, the proposed scheme reduces the threat caused by compromise of CHs by forcing each CH to manage a small number of sensors and changing CH role nodes periodically. Second, the proposed scheme flings attackers into confusion by involving other nodes in a key establishment between BS (Base Station) and a CH. Our numerical analyses showed that the proposed scheme is more secure than other schemes and robust against compromise of CHs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.568-569
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• 2019

20~30년 전부터 국내 지중송전선로에 OF(Oil Filled)케이블을 사용해 왔다. OF케이블은 오랜 시간동안 신뢰성을 화고하고 있으며, 전연파괴 사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있는 장점이 있지만 유지보수에 많은 어려움이 있고, 절연유에 의한 환경오염이 발생하며, 화재에 취약한 단점이 있다. 최근 20~30년 전에 설치된 OF케이블의 수명이 한계에 도달하면서 고장 위험성이 증가하고, 누유의 위험성이 도사리고 있다. 본 논문에서는 OF케이블 상태 진단방법에 있어서 절연유에 반응하는 필름센서를 활용하여 절연유 탱크의 연결부에서 누유현상을 감지하여 OF케이블 누유 관리시스템을 개발하자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Contamination of groundwater by agrochemicals used in the regional-scale Is now a major environmental problem, and this is especially true for Cheju island where virtually all potable water is from groundwater. The objective of this study was to assess leaching potential of eight pesticides in soils of citrus orchards using groundwater ubiquity score (GUS), retardation factor (RF) and attenuation factor (AF). Considering GUS estimated in 30 citrus orchard soils, metribuzin and metolachlor were classified as leacher, alachlor in volcanic ash soils and linuron in non-volcanic soils were classified as leacher, but chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos were classified as non-leacher. For RF values, metribuzin was classified to be mobile in soils of low organic carbon, metolachlor and alachlor were classified to be moderately immobile in most soils, but linuron, diuron, diniconazole, chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos were all classified to be very immobile. For AF values, diniconazole, chlorothalonil, and chlorpyrifos were classified to be very unlikely leachable in all of the soils, metribuzin was classified to be likely leachable, and metolahclor, alachlor, linuron and diuron were classified to be leachable only in non-volcanic soils. Although there were some variations in the relative potential of teachability of pesticides estimated with the three different indices, the ranking was essentially determined on the base of the intrinsic properties of the chemicals and environmental properties. Among the eight pesticides, metribuzin, metolachlor, and alachlor, which have high water solubility and low $K_{oc}$ values, have a significant leaching potential especially in non-volcanic ash soils of low organic carbon. But diniconazole, chlorothalonil, and chlorpyrifos, which have low water solubility and high $K_{oc}$ values, were classified to be very immobile in all of the soils. Therefore, to lower the possibility of pesticide contamination of the groundwater in Cheju island, those pesticides which have high water solubility and low $K_{oc}$ values should be used with care in soils of low organic carbon including non-volcanic ash soils.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.32-39
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• 2010

In this study, we applied DRASTIC and SINTACS models for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to Buyeo-eup area in Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Currently, DRASTIC model is a main tool for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability, which has been widely applied for the multiple purposes related to local developments, construction projects, groundwater investigations, etc. since 1980s. Because DRASTIC model has been the sole tool used for the domestic environment, there has been doubt about the degree of reliability of the model, and a benchmark model has been sought by the many practitioners. The objective of this study is to check the applicability of SINTACS model to domestic environment, which is the first attempt in Korea as far as authors understand. The comparative results show that the DRASTIC assessment underestimates groundwater vulnerability of the aquifers composed of fractured bedrocks while that from the SINTACS model is relatively higher. Through this study, it is expected that SINTACS model serves as a reasonable alternative of DRASTIC model where the subsurface is composed of more than two different media such as fractured rocks and alluvium.