• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.25-26
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• 2009

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.333-338
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• 2020

Dye markers are used in the study of subterranean termites to determine colony territories and population sizes. Dyes not only allow the study of termite biology, but can also be used for control purposes. Although Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis causes damage to wooden historical properties in Korea, the dye markers have not been applied. Therefore, we evaluated the applicability of Nile Blue A dye for R. s. kyushuensis. Filter papers dyed with concentrations of 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.25% (w/w) were each fed to termite populations through a no-choice feeding test for 1, 3, or 7 days. After 4 weeks, the survival rate, dyeing rate, and maintenance of dyeing were recorded. The results showed high survival rates with lower dye concentrations and shorter feeding periods. Among the combinations of concentrations and days, high survival rates, dyeing rates, and dyeing maintenance periods were found at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.10% for 3 days of feeding. These maximized the survivorship and visibility. The results from the current study can be applied to investigate the ecology and control of R. s. kyushuensis in both the laboratory and field.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2001

Epifluorescence microscopy was used to observe epiphytic bacteria directly on plant leaf surfaces as well as indirectly in the leaf liberating solution by staining with fluorochromes of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and acridine orange(AO). Epiphytic bacteria could not be well observed on the leaf surface by staining with AO due to an intrusive orange or red background fluorescence. However, DAPI gave us clear epifluorescent images of the bacteria on the leaf. On the contrary, epiphytic bacteria in the liberating leaf solution were well observed on filters stained by both types of fluorochrome, although DAPI showed better fluorescent images than AO and not necessarily required a washing step of the filters stained. The optimum conditions of the DAPI stains were 5 $\mu$g/ml for 5 min both for leaves and for filters of the liberating solution. It was confirmed that a critical step in the epifluorescence microscopy of leaf surfaces was to minimize release of water from the leaf. For this, the stained leaf samples were put on a filter paper, kept in a dry oven at $70^{\circ}C$ for 2 min instead of air-drying, and then immediately observed by epifluorescence microscopy. The established technique was applied to enumerate epiphytic bacteria on oak tree leaf surfaces.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.188-197
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• 2021

In this study, the optimal conditions for hair dyeing using sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) powder were determined, and then the effect of chitosan treatment on the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood powder was investigated. Treatment of sappan wood powder and water with the ratio of 1:3 (w/w) at 40℃ for 60 minutes was found to be the most effective to hair dyeing. In addition, the pretreatment of low molecular weight (~30 kDa) chitosan at a concentration of 1% (w/w) prior to treatment with sappan wood powder effectively improved and maintained the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood. In conclusion, the low molecular weight chitosan is considered to be of great help as a mordant in improving the dyeing efficiency and retention of sappan wood powder in hair dyeing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2005

The permeability of cathodic electrolyzed water toward electrophoretic gel and dissolvability of cathodic electrolyzed water toward green tea components were compared with those of general waters in this investigation. Stained band intensities of the proteins by CBB-R prepared in cathodic electrolyzed water were compared with those in deionized water for various time intervals. Proteins were stained first by CBB-R in cathodic electrolyzed water as compared with those by CBB-R in deionized water. Moreover, cathodic electrolyzed water showed dramatically enhanced solubility toward green tea components at $25^{\circ}C$ than general waters. These results suggest much greater permeability and dissolvability of cathodic electrolyzed water than those of general waters.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.33-38
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• 2020

It was reported that a mobile application was designed to easily provide natural dyeing information such as natural dye related resources, colors and dyed fabrics in 2007. Since studies on the linkage, application, etc. between natural dye dyeing and IoT are still lacking, diversity of information on the change of dyeing pattern by natural dye dyeing is required. In this study, it was to construct dyeing information by natural dyes, e.g., Lithospermum erythrorhizon, on silk, which has been traditionally used as many fibers in Korea. The extraction of the dye from L. erythrorhizon was carried out under pH4. The dried root of L. erythrorhizon showed dark brownish purple. Silk fabric by a without a mordant typically showed a purple dyed pattern. In the staining by sodium tartrate plus citric acid, silk fabric was stained clear brown. Interestingly, the mordant of iron (II) sulfate, the silk fabric was dyed in a light gray color rather than black. When the mordant of aluminum potassium sulfate was treated with L. erythrorhizon-extracted dye, the results were almost the same as when the mordant was not treated. When the degree of dyeing was evaluated numerically, the treatment of the mordant of potassium dichromate was about 50% darker, and the dyeing by iron (II) sulfate was about 75% darker. These results will be helpful in the study of applying various dye colors using L. erythrorhizon, and it will provide information on dyeing controller and database system construction by dyeing parameters such as dyeing degree, pH concentration, and chromaticity change.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.219-221
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.118-118
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• 2012

현재 정부는 친환경녹색성장을 모티브로 환경기준을 강화하고 있으며, 오염 발생원을 최소화 하고자 현재 가동중인 환경기초시설을 대상으로 고도산화공정을 추가하여 오염 배출량을 최소화 하도록 정부와 지자체가 독려하고 있는 중이다. 따라서 대표적인 환경오염 업종인 섬유/염색 관련업체는 강화되는 환경기준을 만족하기 위한 공정검토가 불가피한 현실이다. 특히 대구 OO염색공단은 염색업체가 집적되어 있어 난분해성 오염물질과 색도유발물질이 다량 발생되고 있으며, 폐수처리장에서 운영 중인 재래식 폐수처리공정으로는 강화되는 방류수 수질기준을 충족할 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 방류수 수질기준을 만족하기 위한 고도산화 공정을 검토하였으며, 그 공정의 최적인자를 도출하고자 하였다. 고도산화 공정에서 오존산화, Peroxone AOP, Fenton oxidation 공정을 검토하였으며, 강화되는 수질기준을 만족할 수 있는 최적인자 및 처리효율을 검토하였다. 그 결과 조건에 따라 COD, T-N, T-P, 색도 등에서 처리효율은 40 ~ 90% 범위로 경제성을 고려하여 최적의 운전조건을 도출 하였다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.221-228
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• 2021

In this work, the post-treatment using organic acids during hair dyeing process was used to maintain hair color and to decrease hair damage. The effect of post-treatment using succinic acid and tartaric acid during hair dyeing process with cherry red and blue silver color on the persistence of hair color, tensile strength of hair, hair porosity, and surface characteristics of hair was investigated. After the repeated shampooing process, the experimental group with succinic acid and tartaric acid could more efficiently maintain the hair color than control group. The experimental group with succinic acid and tartaric acid could also increase the tensile strength of hair, decrease the hair porosity, and smoothen the hair surface, compared with control group. Particularly, tartaric acid was able to maintain the color of the dyed hair and protect the hair with higher efficiency than succinic acid.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.4328-4334
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• 2015

We determined a method to determine marine planktonic organism viability using Evan's blue, Aniline blue, and 5-choromethyfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA). The Evan's blue and Aniline blue methods produced bright blue light for dead phytoplankton and zooplankton and were the best dyes to detect dead cells. The staining efficiency of Evan's blue and Aniline blue were ${\geq}90%$ of the original field sample. However, it was difficult to test the efficiency of a ship's ballast water treatment system because detection of living cells. In contrast, the CMFDA method, which is based on measuring cell esterase activity using a fluorimetric stain, was the best dye to detect live cells of almost all phytoplankton species, and staining efficiency was 70%. The CMFDA method is similar to the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining method. Therefore, we estimated viability of phytoplankton species using a double-staining method by combining CMFDA and FDA to determine optimum staining efficiency. As a result, the frequency of dying cells based on the double-staining method was 95%, which was significantly higher than that of single CMDFA staining. Our results suggest that a CMDFA + FDA assay is more effective to determine survival of marine plankton and that this method was applicable to investigate the efficacy of a ship's ballast water treatment system.