• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2023

In the study, pool boing critical heat flux (CHF) was experimentally investigated depending on the length of heaters. A smooth silicon oxide surfaces are used as the boiling surfaces. As the results of pool boiling experiments based on distilled water in ambient pressure condition, the CHF decreased as the length of the heater increased. By the high speed imaging, it was shown that the number of vapor columns increased as the length of the heater increased. Comparing the number of vapor columns and the CHF according to the heater length, the change in the CHF according to the heater length was analyzed based on the hydrodynamic instability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.231-231
• /
• 2019

수문자료는 수문과정을 이해하고 그 특성을 파악하여 장래 예견되는 자연재해로부터 인간의 생명과 재산을 보호하는데 있어서 매우 중요하다. 특히 수자원 계획 수립 및 대규모 수공구조물 설계 시 수문학적 설계기준이 되는 강수량 및 유출량과 같은 설계 수문량을 정확하게 산정하기 위해서는 장기간의 과거자료가 필요하다. 그러나 한국의 경우 수문자료 관측을 위한 관측소가 대부분 근래에 설치되어 자료의 기록기간이 짧은 실정이며, 수문자료의 질적인 면에서의 신뢰성이 의심되는 경우가 많아 수문 시계열 자료의 특성을 파악하는 것이 더욱 중요하다. 한국의 경우 수문 시계열 자료가 정상성이나 독립성을 지니고 있다고 가정하고 수문분석을 실시하는 경우가 많기 때문에 정상성을 가정한 수문분석으로 인해 왜곡된 결과를 얻을 수 있는 가능성이 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국의 기상청 63개의 기상관측소 중 45년 이상의 장기간의 관측 자료를 가지고 있는 37개의 기상관측소의 연강수량 자료를 대상으로 Data Screening 방법을 이용하여 정상성 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 37개소의 기상관측소 연 강수량의 시계열 자료 중 4개 관측소의 연강수량 자료에서 경향성을 보였으며 평균과 분산의 시간변동성을 의미하는 안정성은 22개 관측소 연강수량 자료에서 불안정성을 나타내었다. 또한 4개 관측소 연강수량 자료에서 지속성을 나타내었다. 본 논문에서는 경향성이 없고 평균과 분산의 안정성이 존재하며 지속성을 보이지 않는다는 조건을 동시에 만족하는 연 강수량 시계열 자료만을 정상성이 있다고 판단하였으며 분석 결과, 37개 관측소 중 23개 관측소(약 62%) 연 강수량자료가 비정상성을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2019

To understand the low frequency instability(LFI) characteristics in hybrid rockets combustion, effects of equivalence ratio variations on the phase shift between pressure and heat release oscillations were investigated by using the direct numerical simulation. The change in the equivalence ratio of the main chamber was simulated by the temperature and composition variation of the combustion gas introduced into the post-combustion chamber. In the results, additional combustion appeared along with vortex generation at the backward step, and combustion pressure and heat release oscillations were observed as the vortex moved. In addition, the results confirmed that the phase difference between the pressure and heat release oscillation shifts because of the changes in the propagation velocity of pressure wave as the temperature of combustion gas changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
• /
• 2012.03a
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2012

아라미드는 일반적인 유기섬유와는 다른 우수한 역학적 성질을 바탕으로 보호의류 중에서 방탄방호 및 방검보호 의류에 사용되는 고부가 소재이다. 현재까지 ATY기계에서 사의 구조와 물성에 큰 영향을 미치는 Nozzle의 구조에 대한 연구결과는 많이 발표되어왔다. 그러나 최근 들어 소방방화방 검용 보호의류에 많이 사용되는 아라미드사에 ATY 공정 중에서 Nozzle의 직경이 ATY사의 물성에 어떤 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구는 발표된 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Para-aramid/Nylon hybrid사를 이용하여 ATY로 제조할 경우, 표면에 생기는 loop로 인하여 타 소재와 접착시, 접착제 담지 성능이 향상되어 접착력이 상승되는 반면 아라미드 Hybrid사의 역학물성은 ATY가 가공되기 전의 물성보다 저하되는 약점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ATY 제조공정에서 Nozzle의 직경을 달리할 때 Aramid/Nylon Hybrid ATY사의 물성변화를 분석함으로서 방화복과 방검용 보호의류에 적합한 아라미드 ATY사를 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 ATY 제조공정 중 다른 공정조건은 동일하게 하고 Nozzle의 직경을 0.6, 0.75, 1, 1.2mm로 변경하여 4가지 시료를 준비하고 물성분석을 위하여 제조된 시료의 강신도, 초기탄성률을 각각 측정하여 인장특성을 확인하였으며, 건열수축률과 습열수축률을 측정하여 시료의 열 수축률을 측정 분석하였다. 표면의 루프 발현 정도를 보기위하여 형태 불안정성을 측정 평가하였으며 영상현미경시스템을 사용하여 표면특성을 측정 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Nozzle의 직경이 증가함에 따라 절단강도는 30% 감소하였고 초기탄성률은 3배 가까이 감소하였다. 그리고 절단신도는 2배정도 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 Nozzle의 직경이 증가함에 따라 ATY hybrid사의 건 습열수축률이 증가하다가 직경이 1.2mm일 때 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고 직경 변화에 따라 4~6%의 열 수축률의 분포를 보였다. Para-aramid/Nylon hybrid사의 형태불안정성은 0.3~0.5%를 분포를 나타내었고 Nozzle의 직경이 0.6, 1mm일 때 상대적으로 낮은 ATY의 불안정성이 확인되었다. Nozzle의 직경이 감소할수록 loop의 엉킴이 적으며 flat하였으며 직경이 1.2mm일 때 가장 조밀하고 표면에 loop가 많이 형성된 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 2021

Nitrous oxide is a global warming substance and is known as the main cause of the destruction of the ozone layer because its global warming effect is 310 times stronger than carbon dioxide, and it takes 120 years to decompose. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the characteristics of NOx emission from N2O reduction by thermal decomposition of N2O. Bunsen premixed flames were adopted as a heat source to form a high-temperature flow field, and the experimental variables were nozzle exit velocity, co-axial velocity, and N2O dilution rate. NO production rates increased with increasing N2O dilution rates, regardless of nozzle exit velocities and co-axial flow rates. For N2O, large quantities were emitted from a stable premixed flame with suppressed combustion instability (Kelvin Helmholtz instability) because the thermal decomposition time is not sufficient with the relatively short residence time of N2O near the flame surface. Thus, to improve the reduction efficiency of N2O, it is considered effective to increase the residence time of N2O by selecting the nozzle exit velocities, where K-H instability is generated and formed a flow structure of toroidal vortex near the flame surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• v.y2005m4
• /
• pp.259-264
• /
• 2005

Measurements of heat release are very important for controling combustion instabilities, which are closely connected with combustion instabilities. $OH^{\ast}$ images were acquired through a ICCD in this study, which were in use as indicating index of the reacting region, global and local heat release rate in the lean premixed combustion. The objectives of this study are to see the effect of equivalence ratio on global heat release rate and local Rayleigh index distribution. The local Rayleigh index distribution was acquired by information from central section of flame. This information was from the line-of-sight images which were inverted by the Abel de-convolution. In each condition, the mean value of heat release increased exponentially with equivalence for a periodic time. Local Rayleigh index distribution cleary showed the region of amplifying or damping the combustion instability as the equivalence ratio increased. This could provide an insight on the region of combustion instability and the structure of flames on the equivalence ratio.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.377-387
• /
• 2008

The post-buckling behavior of slender members, such as the chord of truss structures generally implies extreme strength degradation. The buckling strength is usually determined as the performance of the compressed steel members, so it is important to understand the exact buckling behavior of a member in order to design the entire structure. A target analytical model is usually divided by beam or shell element when we simulate the buckling behavior of a compressed steel member such as atruss member. In this case, it is possible to accurately obtain the behavior, but such would be expensive and would require experience inanalysis even in monotonic loading. In this paper, we propose a consistent and convenient method to analyze the post-buckling behavior of elastoplastic compression members. The present methods are formulated to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics. Three numerical examples were tested to determine the validity of the proposed model in cyclic loading with comparable F.E.M results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2010

The definition of the speed of sound is reexamined since it is crucial in the numerical analysis of compressible real gas flows. The thermodynamic speed of sound (TSS), $a_{th}$, and the characteristic speed of sound (CSS), $a_{ch}$, are derived using generalized equation of state (EOS). It is found that the real gas EOS, for which pressure is not linearly dependent on density and temperature, results in slightly different TSS and CSS. in this formalism, Roe's approximate Riemann solver was derived again with corrections for real gases. The results show a little difference when the speeds of sound are applied to the Roe's scheme and Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM) scheme, but a numerical instability is observed for a special case using AUSM scheme. It is considered reasonable to use of CSS for the mathematical consistency of the numerical schemes. The approach is applicable to multi-dimensional problems consistently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.10
• /
• pp.695-704
• /
• 2019

In hypersonic regime, the complicated interaction between the air and surface of aircraft results in intensive aerodynamic heating on body. Provided this phenomenon occurs on a hypersonic vehicle, the temperature of the body extremely increases. And consequently, thermal deformation is produced and material properties are degraded. Furthermore, those affect both the aerothermoelastic stability and thermal safety of structures significantly. With the background, thermal safety and dynamic stability are studied according to the altitude, flight time and Mach number. Based on the investigation, design guideline is suggested to guarantees the structural integrity of hypersonic vehicles in terms of both of thermal safety and dynamic stability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.653-660
• /
• 2009

A helicopter rotor brake system stops or reduces the speed of the rotor by transforming the kinetic energy into the heat energy. The frictionally generated heat has a considerable effect on the frictional property of material itself and causes the change of the friction coefficient which may affect the breaking time significantly. In this paper, to take into account the effect of change of friction coefficient according to temperature on braking time, thermo-mechanically coupled analysis is carried out by commercial software ABAQUS. Further, simple theoretical equation is derived considering thermo-mechanical behaviors. The predicted braking times both from theoretical and numerical methods are compared and validity of proposed theoretical equation is investigated.