• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.243-247
• /
• 2006

The biological activity of functional food source with thyme extracts were examined. Total phenol contents in the 60% ethanol extracts $(26.8{\pm}0.35\;mg/g)$ with thyme leaf was higher than water extracts $(25.7{\pm}0.20\;mg/g)$. This HPLC analysis is significant in that physiological activity is related with phenolic compound content such as rosemarinic acid, quercetin and chlorogenic acid. Electron donating ability was shown as 90.1% in the water extracts and 77.7% in the 60% ethanol extracts. Antioxidant protection factor of 60% ethanol extracts was higher than water extracts. Helicobacter pylori of the water extracts from thyme leaves did not have antimicrobial activity, but the 60% ethanol extracts revealed the high antimicrobial activity as 9 mm of clear zone in $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ of phenol content, 10 mm in $100\;{\mu}g/ml$, 13 mm in $150\;{\mu}g/ml$ and 16 mm in $200\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity showed no inhibition activity in 60% ethanol extracts but 39.9% inhibition activity in water extracts. Xanthine oxidase inhibition activity showed high inhibition activity at 73.5% in water extracts and 100% in 60% ethanol extracts. The result suggests the development of phenol compound in thyme as anti Helicobacter pylori, antioxidant and anti-gout agents.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.104-108
• /
• 2006

Water extracts of Jehotang were evaluated for their growth-promoting effects on Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus sp., L. acidophilus, and Clostridium perfringens. Addition of Jehotang water extract to modified EG media at 0.1 mg/mL increased growths of B. longum, Lactobacillus sp., and L. acidophilus, with 1.8-fold increase in growth of L. acidophilus compared to that of control. Studies on these strains by agar diffusion method showed Lactobacillus sp. and L. acidophilus were activated by addition of Jehotang extract at 10 mg/disc. Proliferation responses of mice splenocytes and Peyer's patch cells to ConA by LPS-stimulation at 500 mg/kg B.W./day Jehotang extract were investigated in vitro. Upon treatment of 1 mg/mL Jehotang water extract to mice, proliferations of splenocytes and Peyer's patch cells increased 1.4- and 1.6-fold compared to control, respectively. In mice administered Jehotang extract, production of intestinal secretory IgA (sIgA) increased 2.4-fold compared to control. These results indicate water extract of Jehotang stimulated intestinal immune system of mice. In mice treated with Jehotang extract, production of lymphocytes was 4% lower, whereas those of granulocytes and platelets were 4% and slightly higher than control, respectively.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.164-168
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to confirm the content of total polyphenol, antioxidative and immune activities of the extracts of Cedrela sinensis leaf. The content of total polyphenol of water extracts ranged from 46.5-59.6 mg/100 g, which was higher than other extracts using organic solvents such as EtOAc, $CH_2Cl_2$ and $C_6H_{14}$. The antioxidant activity of the water and organic solvents extracts showed 6-33% in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. To analyze the immuno-stimulation activity of C. sinensis leaf extract, we investigated the effect of the extracts on NO synthesis which is important in host defense against bacterial infection. Hot water extracts significantly increased NO generation by RAW 264.7, macrophage cell line, while organic solvent extract has no significant effect on NO production. To further analyzed the anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts, we investigated the effects of the extracts on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced NO generation. Organic solvent extracts of C. sinensis leaves showed strong inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that C. sinensis leaf extract may represent a useful immune stimulating agent and anti-inflammatory agent.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.225-235
• /
• 2018

Phellinus gilvus is a medicinal mushroom used that has been used in folk medicine in Asian countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol (ME) and hot water (HW) extracts prepared from fruiting bodies of Ph. gilvus. ME and HW had good anti-xanthine oxidase (XO) activities compared to allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. ME showed comparable and slightly lower inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), respectively, than galanthamine, a standard AChE and BChE inhibitor. ME also showed a protective effect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity at 40 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL in PC-12 cells. ME (0.5~2.0 mg/mL) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Carrageenan-induced hind-paw edema in rats was significantly reduced 2~6 hr after treatment with 50 mg/kg of ME, which was comparable to administration of 5 mg/kg of indomethacin, the positive control. These results demonstrate that ME and HW of Ph. gilvus fruiting bodies possess good anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.110 no.2
• /
• pp.254-265
• /
• 2021

As a result of measuring the polyphenol content of Humulus japonicus (HJ) extract according to the collection time and extraction solvent, bothhot water extract and 70% ethanol extract were collected and extracted in June, and the polyphenol content was high. When the harvesting time was the same, the polyphenol content of the ethanol extract was higher than that of the hot water extract. As a result of measuring the antioxidant activity of HJ extract by measuring electron-donating ability, SOD-like activity, and ABTS radical scavenging ability, HJ6E, which has the highest polyphenol content, showed the highest activity. In addition, in the case of the extract collected in August, the polyphenol content was similar. However, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was high, sothe antioxidant activity remained high when extracted with 70% ethanol. As a result of measuring tyrosinase inhibitory activity for evaluating skin whitening activity, HJ6W did not show any activity. The activity at the highest concentration was 16.18% for HJ8W, 8.07% for HJ6E, and 14.7% for HJ8E. Therefore, the content of ingredients showing skin whitening activity was higher in August than in June. In the elastase inhibitory activity for evaluating the anti-wrinkle activityof the skin, the ethanol extract showed very little activity, and the hot water extract did not. In addition, since all extracts do not show astringent activity, it is judged that it is not appropriate to use HJ as a functional ingredient for preventing wrinkle formation. As a result of measuring the cell viability of HJ6E, which showed the highest polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, it showed a cell proliferation effect at low concentrationsbut strong cytotoxicity at concentrations above 50 ㎍/mL. In the case of the NO production inhibitory ability, as the concentration increased, the NO production of Raw 264.7 was suppressed. Theamount of NO production at 1,000 ㎍/mL decreased to 40.7%. However, whether these results are due to cytotoxicity or the extract's efficacy is a part that requires further research.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.116-125
• /
• 2017

In this study, natural extract of Ouercus mongolica by steaming explosion treatment were tested for antioxidant activity and safety. To determine the antioxidative properties of the hot water extracts, experiments were carried out by dividing into four groups (10 mice per group) of four-week-old B6C3F1 male mice from Air Logistics, Japan. As safety test, cell viability test, oral toxicity test were done. The activity of peroxidase was increased by more than 29% in the group treated with hydrothermal extract. From 4 kinds of safety tests, toxicity was not observed. From experimental results, natural extract of Ouercus mongolica by steaming explosion treatment showed superb safety and antioxidant effect.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.65 no.3
• /
• pp.183-187
• /
• 2022

The hot water extract from cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia Presl) inhibited the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) with IC₅₀ value of 45.6 ㎍/mL. The ADH inhibitory components in cinnamon extract were relatively stable to acid and heat, but were found to be volatile. The optimum temperature and time for extracting the ADH inhibitory components from cinnamon were 80 ℃ and 2 h, respectively. Among the essential oils of cinnamon, cinnamaldehyde was the main substance for ADH inhibition. Cinnamaldehyde is considered a competitive inhibitor of ethanol to ADH. Therefore, the cinnamon extract and cinnamaldehyde showed the potential to be used as natural materials for relieving symptoms of a hangover.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2024

To determinate the content of acanthoic acid and kaurenoic acid in 70% EtOH and hot water extracts of Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, quantitative analysis of each compound in samples was carried out by a HPLC-UVD. Also, the identification of each acompound in samples was successfully assigned by LC-MS analysis. In result, the contents of acanthoic acid and kaurenoic acid in 70% ethanoic extracts were 28.84±0.21 mg/g (2.88%), 26.38±1.63 mg/g (2.64%), respectively. However, the content of two compounds in hot-water extracts was not observed. In conclusion, it shows that 70% ethanol as a best extraction solvent to extract the acanthoic acid and its metabolite from Eleutherococcus gracilistylus was better than hot-water solvent. The 70% ethanol complex extract of Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus showed better effectiveness. In addition, the 70% ethanol extract complex of Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus showed better effects than the hot water solvent of DPPH radical scavenging ability, total polyphenols, and flavonoids content. The anti-inflammatory activity were significantly or partially reduced by treatment with ethanol extract complex(SEC) by Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.875-883
• /
• 2022

This study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf and stem of Artemisia annua L. extract by hot water and 70% ethanol. The total polyphenol content was significantly higher in the 70% ethanol extract of Artemisia annua L. than in the hot water extract, but there was no significant difference in the total flavonoid content between the hot water extract and the 70% ethanol extract. The DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging ability was the highest in the vitamin C treatment group at the concentration of 62.5~500 ㎍/mL, followed by the 70% ethanol extract and the hot water extract. As a result of measuring the NO production inhibitory effect at 125 ~ 500 ㎍/mL, the hot water extract showed strong NO production inhibition at the concentration of 500 ㎍/mL, and showed the inhibition of NO production with concentration-dependent pattern. In addition to inhibitory activity of NP production, the 70% ethanol extract also showed an inhibitory effect on inflammatory cytokines production. It is thought that it can be widely used in the treatment and improvement of inflammatory diseases because it shows antioxidant effects and significantly reduces the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.415-422
• /
• 2019

Rhodosporidium toruloides has been known as an in vitro model of fat metabolism. The purpose of this study is to identify the triglyceride inhibitory effects of hot water extracts from beetroot using R. toruloides. The triglyceride content of oleaginous yeast cultured from YPD culture medium were regulated by treatment of beet root hot water and ethanol extract, respectively. In addition, the number of cells in the oleaginous yeast was 10.48, 8.46, 12.40, 12.80 and $8.24{\times}10^3cell/mL$. The treatment of hot water extract of beet root increased total lipid content of oleaginous yeast in dose dependently. Moreover, the triglyceride content of oleaginous yeast was decreased by hot water extract of beet root extract, respectively. The fat droplet in the oleaginous yeast decreased according to the concentration of hot water extracts from beetroot. The ratio of increase in the number of cells in the oleaginous yeast were increased dose-dependently by treatment of hot water extract from beetroot compared with control group. The free fatty acid and total carotenoid contents were increased concentration-dependently by treatment of hot water extracts from beetroot. These study results indicate that hot water extracts from beetroot has a triglyceride inhibitory effects.