• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.187-189
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• 2000

최근 연안해역은 산업화와 도시화에 의해서 각종 오염물질에 의해 오염이 심화되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 산업화에 의해 생성되어 해역으로 유입된 중금속 원소들은 이온세기가 강한 해수와 혼합되면서 입자물질에 흡착되어 저층퇴적물로 침강 제거된다. 그러므로 산업화에 의한 영향을 받는 공단주변 해역의 퇴적물은 퇴적물의 자연적인 함량보다 높은 농도를 보일 것이다. 이러한 산업화된 해역에서 중금속의 오염정도를 파악하기 위해 울산 및 마산만 일원의 해저퇴적물을 1999년 9월에 채취하여 분석하였다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1999

Coastal sediments in polluted areas adsorb many hydrophobic pollutants such as PCBs. During environmental remediation projects like dredging, they can be resuspended and transported to less polluted areas. To assess the environmental impact, the author previously developed a mathematical model that can simulate the changes of particle size distribution (PSD) due to sedimentation, vortical dispersion and coagulation. In this research, the simulation results using this model were presented in conjunction with observed PSDs from a 2-m settling column simulating coastal environments. The simulations showed that the model predictions were in fairly good agreement with the observed data (changes of PSDs in terms of depths and times), and that the resuspended sediments coagulated during the vertical transport. So, this study showed that the developed model has a good ability to describe the very complicated phenomena of real aggregation and vortical transport dynamics of coastal sediments with various particle sizes.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1998

This study presents a numerical model that can simulate changes of particle size distribution (PSD) of PCB-contaminated coastal sediments. The developed model has one spatial dimension including sedimentation and vortical dispersion as well as coagulation. The reason for considering the vortical transport mechanisms is to calculate residence time of the particles. Using the model and Initial PSD data based on actual coastal sediments contaminated with PCBs, this study shows results of model simulations. Within 48 hours of the simulation time, the PSD changed significantly and the particles were removed from water in different rates between different particle sizes. It also shows that coagulation can act an important role in this process. The model may be useful in assessing the range of resuspended sediments that can pollute neighboring areas during environmental remediation projects such as dredging.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

We carried out basic research to evaluate covering material for improving and managing contaminated benthic environments in coastal areas. Changes in nutrient concentration such as phosphate, hydrogen sulfide of contaminated sediment, and pH, Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) were investigated through mesocosm experiments for 6 months by covering contaminated sediment with granulated coal ash. Calcium oxide eluted from the granulated coal ash was confirmed to neutralize acidified sediment by increasing pH through hydrolysis. Also, calcium oxide and silica eluted from the granulated coal ash adsorbed and precipitated with phosphate in the sediment. The concentration of phosphate in the sediment investigated decreased by ca. 84.31 %. Similarly, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide decreased by 133.5 mg/L in one month. The hydrogen sulfide is considered to have reacted with substances such as manganese oxide which were eluted from the granulated coal ash and precipitated. Also, it was concluded that the hydrogen sulfide was reduced since anaerobic conditions in the sediment weakened. According to the results of these mesocosm experiments, granulated coal ash was found to be effective to remediate and manage benthic environments by covering the surface layer of sediment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2015

This study investigated the optimum depth for the application of bioremediation in contaminated coastal sediment using a lab scale column experiment. The biostimulants were placed in the top surface of the sediment facing seawater, 3cm, 6cm and 10cm of the depth from the surface, respectibely. During the experiment, the changes of organic pollutants and heavy metal fractions in the sediment were monitored in 1 month and 3month time intervals. The organic pollutants found during various analysis such as chemical oxygen demand, total solids and volatile solids, significantly reduced when the depth of the biostimulant was 3cm or less. In contrast, at a depth of over 6cm, the reduction of organic pollutants decreased, and the results were similar to the control. Heavy metals fractions in the sediment also changed with the depth of the biostimulants. The exchangeable fraction of the metals was quite reduced at the sediment surface in the column, but the organic bound and residual fractions considerably increased at a depth of 3cm. Based on this study, the optimum biostimulants depth for in-situ bioremediation of contaminant coastal sediment is 3cm from the sediment surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2003

퇴적물 오염 평가는 크게 화학적 평가, 독성학적 평가 그리고 생태학적인 평가로 나눌 수 있다 (Long et al. 1995) 최근 국내에서도 오염된 연안의 저서환경에 대한 과학적이고 체계적인 평가 방법에 대한 관심이 크게 증대하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 퇴적물을 비롯한 환경시료에 대한 독성학적인 오염 평가에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어지지 못한 실정이다. (중략)

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 1978

The contents of heavy metals were studied on sediments collected from the southeastern coastal area of Korea.Concentrations of the elements showed Cu 14∼ 48ppm (av. 18ppm), Pb 14∼49ppm (av. 28ppm), Zn 79∼187ppm (av. 11ppm), Co 11∼ 15ppm (av. 13ppm), Ni 22∼32ppm (av. 29ppm), Fe 3.1∼5.3% (av. 4.3%) and Mn 333 ∼1010ppm (av. 499ppm). When these values are compared with those of the unpolluted near-shore sediments from other countries,there seems to be little environmental contamination of heavy metals in the sediments of the study area. However, from the fact that the nearer to harbor the stations are, the higher the contents of copper, lead and zinc are in the sea off Pusan Bay, it is suggested that heavy metals in the sediments are starting to show some contamination from man's activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.255-260
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• 2006

천수만의 수리 역학 및 수질 모델을 위하여 3차원 수리역학 모델(EFDC)과 21개 수질 변수에 대한 수질 모델이 접합된 3차원 수리역학-부영양화 모델(HEM-3D)을 이용하였다. 관측 자료에 대한 모델 검증 결과, 조위는 관측치에 비해 5% 정도, 유속은 10% 정도 작은 값을 보였으며, 지각은 모델 결과치가 고정항에서 늦고 간월도에서 빠르게 나타났다. 수질 항목, 특히 용존산소의 관측치에 나타난 전반적인 분포 양상을 잘 재현하고 있었으며, 항목별 기여도 분석에서는 수질 모델이 퇴적물에 의한 산소 소비에 민감하게 반응하고 있으며, 용존산소 변화에 있어서 퇴적물에 의한 영향이 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 보여주었다. 본 모델 결과는 기존의 모델들과 비교하여 천수만 해역의 해수 유동 특성을 잘 재현하고 있으며, 본 모델과 연계된 수질 모델의 오염물 확산과 수질 항목들의 거동을 이해할 수 있는 정보를 제공하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 본 연구를 통하여 나타난 문제점은, 수질 예측 모델에 필요한 수질 변수들의 관측 자료와 양식장에 의한 오염 부하량 자료가 충분하지 못하며, 퇴적물에 의한 수질 변화를 정량화할 수 있는 모델의 개발이 시급하다는 것이다. 특히 퇴적물에 의한 산소 요구량은 유기퇴적물이 미생물 등에 의해 분해되는 과정에서 요구되는 산소량으로서, 해수 유동 조건의 변화와 오염부하에 의한 유기퇴적물의 집적이 주된 요인이다. 방조제 건설 이후 해수유동 조건의 변화와 더불어 지속적으로 오염물이 유입되고, 담수 및 천수만의 수질이 점점 악화되고 있다. 따라서 이러한 오염부하와 퇴적물에 대한 관리대책이 시급한 것으로 판단되며, 향후 정확한 수질 예측을 위해서는 본 연구에서 나타난 문제점들에 대한 재고가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.247-256
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• 2008

For the systematic scientific management of tidal flat sediment in Julpo bay of Korea, this study conducted a survey of particle composition, organic matter(l.L) and heavy metals for three lines ; including F, R and L lines in tidal flat sediment. Particle composition of tidal flat sediments consisted predominantly of clay at F line which was in right angle direction to the coast, whereas R and L lines were located horizontally along the coast and consisted predominantly of silt. Mean grain size values of tidal flat sediments were in the range of 3.7 ${\phi}{\sim}$10.4 ${\phi}$(average 7${\phi}$). The contents of heavy metals observed at R and L lines were lower than those at F line. The correlation analysis among heavy metals, organic matter and particle size was found to have a good interrelationship. For the evaluation of heavy metals pollution, two criteria of US NOAA and KEI(in Korea) were applied Heavy metals pollution level of tidal flat sediments belonged in Non polluted and Moderately polluted groups in US EPA criteria, and its pollution levels sat below ERL in NOAA criteria. The results of heavy metals pollution level obtained by KEI criteria were found to be less than the goal level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2019

In this study, pyrolyzed oyster shells at a low temperature ($350^{\circ}C$) were applied for a mesocosm experiment to confirm resulting changes in the properties of sediment. After creating a covering of oyster shells, an increase in ORP and decrease in ammonia in the overlying water was observed in an experimental case. The decrease of TOC in this experiment was due to the dilution of organic matter due to the addition of inorganic matter (pyrolyzed oyster shells). The decrease in the concentration of AVS was observed due to the adsorption of AVS by the surface of the oyster shells. From the results obtained in this experiment, it has been concluded that pyrolyzed oyster shells at a low temperature can be used for remediation of polluted sediment.