• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-39
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to provide Korean word association lists for adults and children which are needed in research area of false memory. Associated words, asso[iation strength, and the proportion of cue set size to the total number of associated words produced through the discrete association technique were compared between the two groups. The data showed that associated words with high strength wert same or similar but associated words with lower strength were various in the two groups. The result that adults produced larger proportion of cue set size than children suggests that adults have more typical and more convergent semantic network than children. The present data will be served as a database useful for the studies to investigate cognitive functions in memory and other related area.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.559-572
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• 2010

Color, an important visual cue, can cross-modally affect odor association and odor quality identification Here, this research investigates aspects of the cross-modal associations between color and fragrance in greater depth, delving into the topic of whether the degree-of-association of fragrances with hue and tone of colors varies systematically. For 33 color stimuli (10 hues, 3 tones, and 3 achromatic colors), 67 subjects judged the degree-of-association of four typical fragrance families (fresh, floral, oriental, and woody) on a 7-point scale. The statistical analysis showed that fragrance associations of the all families had characteristic distributions across ten hues of the color stimuli. The cross-modal relationship between color tone (especially, lightness attribute) and fragrance association appeared to be dimensional (e.g. a positive linear relationship between the floral family and the lightness). More specifically, as colors became warmer and brighter, the associated floral scents were stronger, while the woody scents was less associated. Brighter or more vivid cool colors were associated with stronger fresh scents. These findings confirm the systematic existence of synthetic interactions between vision and olfaction in perfumery.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.243-274
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• 2009

The association, word frequency and imagery have been considered as the main factors that affect the word recognition. The present study aimed to examine the imagery effect and the interaction of the association effect while controlling the frequency effect. To explain the imagery effect, we compared the two theories (dual-coding theory, context availability model). The lexical decision task using priming paradigm was administered. The duration of prime words was manipulated as 20ms, 50ms, and 450ms in experiments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The association and imagery of prime words were manipulated as the main factors in each of the three experiments. In experiment 1, the duration of prime words (20ms) which is expected to not activate the semantic context enough to affects the word recognition was used. As a result, only imagery effect was statically significant. In experiment 2, the duration of prime word was 50ms, which we expected to activate the semantic context without perceptual awareness. The result showed both the association and imagery effects. The interaction between the two effects was also significant. In experiment 3, to activate the semantic context with perceptual awareness, the prime words were presented for 450ms. Only association effect was statically significant in this experimental condition. The results of the three experiments suggest that the influence of the imagery was at the early stages of word recognition, while the association effect appeared rather later than the imagery. These results implied that the two theories are not contrary to each other. The dual-coding theory just concerned imagery effect which affects the early stage of word recognition, and context-availability model is more for the semantic context effect which affects rather later stage of word recognition. To explain the word recognition process more completely, some integrated model need to be developed considering not only the main 3 effects but also the stages which extends along the time course of the process.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.448-459
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• 2012

It is important to understand how we can deal with elements for the modeling of neural networks when we are investigating the dynamical performance and the information processing capabilities. The information processing capabilities of model neural networks will change for different response, synaptic weights or learning rules. Using the statistical neurodynamics method, we evaluate the capabilities of neural networks in order to understand the basic concept of parallel distributed processing. In this paper, we explain the results of theoretical analysis of the effects of the hysteretic property on the performance of sequential associative neural networks.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.386-391
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• 2008

제품의 기능이 다양화 되고 신제품의 출시기간이 짧아지면서 소비자들은 새로운 제품의 조작 방법을 익히는데 어려움을 겪게 된다. 사용자 중심의 잘 설계된 메뉴 구조는 이러한 사용성 문제를 해결 해줄 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사용자 중심의 좋은 정보 구조 설계를 위해 활성화 확산의 비대칭 전이를 이용한 메뉴구조 및 레이블 평가 방법을 연구하였다. 활성화 확산 실험은 반응 시간이 짧을수록 연상 강도가 강하고, 단어 쌍간의 관계가 밀접함을 보여주므로, 잘 디자인된 메뉴구조는 상-하위 메뉴 쌍의 연상 정도가 활성화 진행 방향의 영향을 받지 않는다는 가설을 세울 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 휴대폰(모델명;SPH-W2900)의 메뉴를 추출하여 1차 활성화 확산(SAT)실험을 수행한 뒤, 각 메뉴 쌍에 대하여 정확도와 진행 방향에 따른 반응시간의 차이(비대칭 전이)를 파악함으로 레이블의 문제점을 도출하고 메뉴 구조 및 어휘를 개선하였다. 2차 활성화 확산 실험은 개선된 메뉴 쌍에 대해 비대칭 전이 현상이 감소하였는지를 확인하기 위해 실시되었으며 활성화 진행 방향에 대한 반응시간의 차이(비대칭 전이)는 월등히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시하는 활성화 확산의 비대칭전이는 사용자 중심의 메뉴 레이블을 정의 하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• Cement Symposium
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• no.32
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• pp.217-221
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• 2005

The utilization of calcined clay, in the form of meta kaolin, as a pozzolanic for mortar and concrete has received considerable attention in recent years. so, the influence of waste concrete sludge and meta kaolin on cement concrete strength has been stud

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 1990

Investigations on the behavior of steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete beams with shear confinement are accomplished to determine their ultimate shear strength including diagonal tension strength. The parameters varied were the shear confinement ratio(Ps), and fiber volume fraction(Vs). Ultimate shear strength increased significantly in steel fiber reinforced concrete beam without shear confinement. In steel- fiber reinforced high strength concrete beams with shear confinement, there is no increase of ultimate shear strength but shows much beneficial effects of Ductility Capacity.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.283-292
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• 2019

The loss of semantic knowledge and impairments in semantic associations by semantic category is gaining increasing attention, as indicators of early-stage cognitive decline. As such, we assigned semantic association task (SAT) to normal elderly (NE) and those with subjective memory impairment (SMI) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to examine their performance by semantic subcategories and the differences in error patterns. We found a significant difference in the number of correct response and reaction time under the SAT categories among the three groups, with the highest performance observed in 'function' and the lowest performance in 'superordinate' and 'part/whole'. Moreover, the error frequency was the lowest in NE, followed by those with SMI and MCI, with the latter two groups showing a significant increase in no-response. Our findings demonstrate the varying extent and process of impairments in the semantic network by category over different stages of cognitive decline. Thus, we proposed SAT performance as an indicator to detect and follow-up on cognitive decline in elderly with cognitive disorder.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.4 s.310
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose the development of MHLA(Modulatory Hippocampus Learning Algorithm) which remodel a principle of brain of hippocampus. Hippocampus takes charge auto-associative memory and controlling functions of long-term or short-term memory strengthening. We organize auto-associative memory based 3 steps system(DG, CA3, CAl) and improve speed of learning by addition of modulator to long-term memory learning. In hippocampal system, according to the 3 steps order, information applies statistical deviation on Dentate Gyrus region and is labelled to responsive pattern by adjustment of a good impression. In CA3 region, pattern is reorganized by auto-associative memory. In CAI region, convergence of connection weight which is used long-term memory is learned fast by neural networks which is applied modulator. To measure performance of MHLA, PCA(Principal Component Analysis) is applied to face images which are classified by pose, expression and picture quality. Next, we calculate feature vectors and learn by MHLA. Finally, we confirm cognitive rate. The results of experiments, we can compare a proposed method of other methods, and we can confirm that the proposed method is superior to the existing method.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.1035-1045
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• 1997

It is important to understand how we can deal with doements for the modeling of neural networks when we are unbestigating the dynamical performance and the information procoessing capabilitids.The information procewssing capabkities of model neural networks will change for different response, synaptic weights or learning rules. Using the staritical neurodyamics method, we evalute the capabikities of neural networks in order to understand the basic conept ofr parallel distributed processing. In this paper, we explain the reuslts of theoretical anaysis of the effests of the hysteretic property on the performance of wuquential associative neral networks.