• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2005

The optimized HVAC system design in tall buildings enable owners to save unnecessary energy consumption and residents to have comfort environments. The purpose of this study is to develop design process for optimized HVAC system design in tall buildings. As basic researches, literature researches and case studies of HVAC system design in tall buildings were performed. Survey was processed among expert in the field and key considerations on HVAC system design were drew as conclusions. With these conclusions, studies were performed on effects of wind velocity, outdoor air temperature, and solar radiation that are main factors of load calculation in tall buildings. Finally, air-tightness and stack effect were analyzed and estimated by literature studies, field measurements and computer simulations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.97-98
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• 2017

These days the buildings are getting higher, bigger, and in a deep. According to that, it was the Large-Scale casuality by smoke from Daeyeongak Hotel fire in 1971 to Uijeongbu apartment fire in 2015, and the law of smoke control has consistently changed. but the analysis for improving the law isn't working. Therefore on this study, it conducts the analysis of historical comparative about smoke control and it will present the basic data for improving the law of smoke control and in-depth analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.209-213
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• 2008

The effects on the performance of natural smoke exhaust ventilators installed in high-rise buildings were analyzed depending on the wind velocities and smoke temperatures using CONTAMW tool. The results showed that the smoke exhaust ventilators can maintain given performances in such conditions as low smoke temperatures and low wind velocities. However, high smoke temperatures and high wind velocities can prevent the smoke ventilators to exhaust smokes from the fire room. Significant changes in stack effects in high-rise buildings can also occur with the opening of smoke ventilators in the fire floor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

Study of stack effects in the early design stage is the most appropriate moment to draw any problems and provide the right solutions. However, In a real process, The pre-design planning stage review is not thoroughgoing enough to high-rise construction site. Therefore, this study has reviewed by selecting one of inappropriate project [D] to find the possible stack effect alternatives in an early design documentation stage and provide countermeasures to be a foundations of stack effect in the construction stages.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.303-310
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• 2010

기존 건축물은 현행 소방법 및 건축법을 소급해 적용할 수 없다는 이유로 비상용승강기와 제연설비가 설치되어 있지 않는 경우가 상당수 존재한다. 이렇듯 화재에 취약할 수밖에 없는 기존 건축물에서 화재가 발생했을 때 소방대 진입 및 구조활동이 가능한 통로를 확보하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 이러한 관점에서 기존 건축물의 화재안전성능 개선에 따른 부담을 최소화하는 방안으로 승강로 급기가압 방식을 제시한다. 먼저, 수직통로를 통한 연기 확산에 무방비 상태인 기존의 고층 건축물의 문제점 및 화재사례를 분석하고, 국내외 비상용승강기 및 제연설비 관련 법규 현황을 비교분석하였다. 그리고 NIST의 Contam을 이용한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 승강로 급기가압 전과 후의 층별 차압을 비교함으로써 승강로 가압이 연돌효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.49-50
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• 2019

In the case of High-rise buildings, it has a problem by stack effect that rise of vertical height. Especially in case of fire, it need to the consideration of stack effect that it has bigger than general. Therefore in this study, we used to the Contamw and FDS simulation for analysis of stack effect and pressure distribution characteristic in fire. As a result the Contamw simulation shows the pressure distribution by stack effect in general high-rise buildings. However, in case of fire, the height of the neutral plane is lowered and stack effect is larger. Therefore, it is necessary to multiply analyze the temperature distribution and the stack effect in fire.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the stack effect reduction alternatives in tall complex buildings in cold climates. The main problems in tall buildings occur in elevators. Such problems as elevator doors that do not close and exhaust airflows result in excessive pressure differences across elevator doors due to stack effect. Under the expected conditions causing these pressure differences, Field measurements are performed in three tall buildings. Each result of the measurements is analyzed in architectural design aspects. With these analysis, building design guidelines are proposed and analyzed by field measurements and computer simulations.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2014

The energy loss can be divided into the loss caused by heat transfer and the loss caused by air flow. Heat transfer is the loss resulting from the heat transmittance of external wall, roof, and floor, and represents one of the most vulnerable elements of existing buildings. To prevent such loss, it is necessary to increase the mean heat transmittance of entire external wall, including the window, to a level above the standard regional value and ensure the air-tightness of window. The old buildings have the structure which is prone to the loss of greater air flow due to the air infiltration through the exit/entrance door upward along the stairway by the stack effect and simultaneous suction of air from each floor, and becomes even vulnerable to the loss of heat insulation for each floor, although the external wall and windows are the most vulnerable parts. The improvement plans for each floor need to be submitted in tandem with the diagnosis of whole building, regarding the diagnosis plan and energy improvement measures based on the survey of site, rather than adhering to the misconception that the replacement of window alone will result in energy-savings.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.293-299
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• 2009

Many kinds of problems by stack effect occur in the high-rise buildings that have the simple plan on the first floor designed only by an external wall and an E/V shaft wall. Therefore, some buildings in the foreign countries has made the additional inside walls between lobby and E/V hall as a countermeasure on stack effect. An additional wall in the lobby is very useful countermeasure on stack problems because lobby is a main airflow path in the building. Decreasing effect on stack problems by an additional wall of lobby is reported in this study. An ordinary office building that has a simple lobby plan is simulated and measured in this study. The results show that characteristics on stack effect are changed by methods of applying additional walls and that alternations of countermeasures which building conditions like the kinds of problems and the problem's velocity etc. are considered are very important.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.284-292
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• 2009

The stack-effect in high-rise buildings in winter causes many problems such as difficulties in opening or closing doors, infiltration, energy loss, noise and fire protection. Stack effect is influenced by temperature difference between the interior and exterior of building and the height of building. As an attenuation method for stack effect, the architectural methods are generally used. However, as though architectural methods were fully adopted, the problems are reported as ever in tall building. In this study, a new method to reduce stack effect will be suggested. As an active control method against the stack effect, E/V shaft natural cooling method is suggested. In this paper, the concept of E/V shaft natural cooling system and its reduction performance of stack effect by simulation and field measurement will be reported.