• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to analyze male oriented military culture and gender discrimination. It examined whether the experience of military service would affect the attitude of Korean college students, gender role identity, and sexism by classifying 317 college students into three groups; males who have completed military service, males who haven't completed military service, and a female group. Research results are as follows: First, in general military experience did not enhance awareness of gender identity nor affect attitudes toward gender discrimination, but significantly enhanced masculinity in some males who completed military service was a major factor in strengthening masculinity and benevolent sexism. Second, males who completed military service and women had a more positive view of the military than males who had yet to serve in the military. Third, regardless of military experience and gender, military experience was perceived to enhance benevolent sexism towards women. Fourth, all three groups showed a strikingly positive correlation in hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. However, they did not show a significant difference in the correlation of groups. Tough these results indicate that deep-rooted gender discrimination in Korean society is enhanced by military experience, it also confirms the significance and impact of the reality of the military ideology.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1982

한국여성의 체위에 맞는 의류를 개발하기 위하여 인체계측과 Moire 사진촬영법을 이용하여 체위와 체형조사를 실시하였으며 몸매에 대한 의식조사를 통하여 한국여성이 이상적으로 생각하는 몸매를 조사하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 연령과 체형에 따른 B.P (beautiful proportion)을 구할수 있었으며 b.P에 따른 인체모형(dummy)를 제작하여 실제생산에 사용하고 있다. 아울러 새로운 형태의 크기 (size) 표시방법을 개발함으로써 소비자가 좀더 쉽게 자기 몸에 맞는 의류를 선택 할 수있도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.222-223
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• 2023

본 연구는 여성 안전에 대한 다양한 정책이 시행되었지만, 공공장소에서의 여성의 안전을 위협하는 사건과 사고는 지속해서 발생하고 있다. 최근 여성 대상 범죄, 특히 성폭력 범죄가 매우 높아지면서 공공장소에서의 여성 안전에 대한 문제가 대두되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 여성 안전사고 발생 원인을 분석하여 그 원인을 해결할 수 있는 전략과 방안들을 개발하는 연구가 필요하며, 이를 통해 여성들이 공공장소에서 안전하게 생활할 수 있는 환경을 조성할 수 있다. 따라서 공공장소에서의 여성 안전 개선방안 연구는 매우 중요하다. 그러기 위해서는 첫째 범죄율을 분석, 공공장소에서 여성 범죄의 유형 및 발생 경로에 대해 분석하여 언제, 어디서, 어떤 유형의 범죄가 발생하는지 파악한다. 둘째 교육 및 정보 제공, 여성들에게 주변 위험 요소와 대처 방법, 보호시설 위치 등을 교육하고 정보를 제공하여 위험 상황으로부터 탈출하거나 대처할 수 있도록 한다. 셋째 시설 개선, 공공장소의 설계나 조명, 치안 등을 개선하여 여성들이 안전하게 사용할 수 있는 환경을 조성한다. 넷째 적극적인 관리, 공공장소에서 범죄가 발생하거나 이에 대한 우려가 있을 때, 적극적으로 주변 상황을 관찰하고 대처한다. 다섯 번째 커뮤니티 참여, 지역사회와 함께 여성 안전에 대한 캠페인을 전개하고, 지역주민들의 적극적인 참여와 지원을 유도하여 여성 안전의식을 확산시킨다. 이러한 방법들을 적극적으로 활용하여 여성들이 더욱 안전하고 편안한 환경에서 일상생활을 영위할 수 있는 사회적으로 안전한 여성 안전 문제에 대한 개선방안을 제시한다.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.177-214
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• 2016

This thesis is an interpretation of "Golden bird" of Grimm's fairy tale and similar other tales from the perspective of analytical psychology. Golden bird story start loss of golden apple in king's garden. King and three sons are one-sided structure live without female members in family. They need feminine aspect. Adventure and journey of stupid youngest son can be seen as a individuation process in analytic psychology. Ego meets several painful experience during journey. New Kingdom has a new specific collective consciousness. When ego fixed dominated specific collective consciousness he can only be liberated after completing the difficult task of the next phase in crisis of death. This process is initiation, which is a supplement to feminity after recovery of increased consciousness, marriage with the princess, which is possible to unify the sexes (coniunctio oppositorum). The ego who got the apple, bird, horse, and princess which is shown to be a supplement to feminity, does not attain a complete success. Although the youngest comes out after brothers' failure, yet separation and abandonment of persona are difficult challenges and after all he achives a higher consciousness and then he primarily marries the princess, his Anima, after he executed his brothers for his repeated hardships, when the intellectual capacity is sacrificed as offering. Also, the fox restores himself from magic after the youngest son kills him and cut his head and feet, as the fox's wish. To be transformed into a human being. It experiences another consciousness. Finally, unifying the coniunctio oppositerum is fulfilled and a divine bond achieves the wholeness and it is accomplished individuation. In clinical practice, fox is compared to a therapist as a guide of individuation process who lead clients.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.27 no.1_2
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• pp.1-27
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• 2012

It aims to deal with a topic of coniunctio oppositorum, hieros gamos in a Korean fairytale <Gurungdungdung Sin Seonbi>, in which a human heroine was marrying an animal husband. This Korean fairytale may be compared with Greek mythology <Eros and Psyche> introduced by Apuleius and <Dassingende springende Löweneckerchen> collected by Grimm Brothers. All these fairytales commonly tell that animal husband figures have divine nature. Because animals live their lives totally obeying instincts, the collective unconscious principles of species are completely accomplished. The animal nature excludes ecocentric attitude so that it has transpersonal divinity. The hero is transformed into an animal in the fairytales, which will provide an opportunity to change a one-sided exaggerated attitude of the ego consciousness and acquire universal humanity. During being an animal, the hero would have experienceds to recognize true meaning and value of other living creatures in nature and have attained wisdom of nature. The animal is a symbolic being who will realize value of collective and universal life so as to act therapeutically and contribute to the total personality, individuation processes. Animals in the fairytales correspond to the compensatory contents of the unconscious. Animal figure itself is opposite to the ego consciousness itself because the ego understands the unconscious contents like animal figures have instinctual impulse that the ego will not accept at all. Coniunctio oppositorum in the fairytales is going to show the ego's rendezvous processes to meet the unconscious. The fact that the hero turns into an animal or marries animal partner is a psychic event which greatly lowers under the level of ego consciousness. To overcome the state, it is essential for the hero to regain humanity or to transform animal partner into a human being. By the recovery of humanity or reaching the human level, compensation of the unconscious can be realized in the conscious life. In a Korean fairytale <Gurungdungdung Sin Seonbi>, male partner is a serpent but the heroine marries the serpent and make it cast off skin. Over sufferings and complishment of several tasks, heroine truly meets her husband. In this processes, the heroine obtains divinity. As result, her marriage to animal husband means hieros gamos. In this fairytale, we will be able to look through the ways how female ego-consciousness to make relations to the unconscious and to fulfill individuation.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-101
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• 2010

By considering the final purpose and meaning of two fairy-tales, we can summarize two things. Firstly, a woman with father complex not only positive, but also negative can easily sacrifice her femininity and her own personality as an individual. A woman with father complex has to get out of father imago. By separating from father imago, she can make her own steps to realize her own personality, namely individuation. During normal development, detachment to instinct and archetypal contents can cause problems normally to the ego consciousness. Contrary to this developmental notion, women with father complex experience problems because they are too closely attached to father archetype. Therefore, continuous excessive identification of ego with father imago or a state of ego caught by father imago leads to death of her own personality. Some women intentionally attach to father imago in order to be powerful or to receive magical power of father archetype to make compensation to her inferiority and deficiency. Weak ego wants to be stronger and superior by intentional attachment to father imago. Then, she can succeed in some tasks in life. But These successes are not by her own effort, but by magical or superhuman power of father imago. During early childhood, young girl with weak ego strongly attaches to father imago to make success and achieve goals by magical power. She wants to compensate her weak ego. But the more her ego makes successes in real life with help of father imago, the more she loses her own character or personality. Ego can be strong enough only when it is detached or separated itself from father imago. In other side, there is a woman destined to realize request by the father imago. She is chosen by the collective unconscious, though she try to run away from dominant power. In this case, ego of selected woman is not weak. She is destined to be a heroine. She knows that she has to complete every task given to her to realize what father imago wants, and she will not own any of her products at all. She is a real or true heroine. She wants to avoid her destiny, but she can't and should not do it. Secondly, a woman with father complex is called for again to save father imago or to solve problems of father imago. In this case, father imago of a woman should be considered to be related to the collective conscious. Therefore, it is said that all women with father complex are invited for healing the society or the collective consciousness. To complete this request, she has to heal herself by recovering her femininity. The healing power is based on the maternal receptive capacity. In modern society, the women are always demanded to be a social being. These social demands can make women caught by father complex. In this sense, number of women with father complex are increasing. Through the understanding of two fairy-tales, increased number of women with father complex should be easily considered as events at personal level, but seriously considered as a phenomenon reflecting problems in the collective consciousness of our age. In the other hand, all women with father complex are invited to solve the problem of modern society. She will be able to realize her own individuation without being possessed by father imago, to save our society and to become a heroine of our age.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.851-865
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to explore Women University students' supporting awareness, knowledge and attitude toward the elderly. After obtaining the participants' consent form, survey was performed with structured questionnaire about characteristics, supporting awareness, knowledge and attitude toward the elderly. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients. The result of this study were as follows. 1) Supporting awareness of participants was 115.50±13.19. Participants' knowledge was 10.21±2.90 and attitude was 84.19±12.19. 2) More knowledge and more positive attitude toward elderly were significant related to higher supporting awareness. 3) Supporting awareness of participants was significantly different by religion, monthly pocket money, religious service, supporting parents in the future, living with parents-in-law, though of ideal support system, father-grandmother(paternal) relationship, mother-grandfather(paternal) relationship, mother-grandmother(paternal) relationship and mother-grandfather(maternal). The finding of this study gives useful information for developing an educational management program for women.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.205-206
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 한국의 고용률 70% 달성을 위한 필수 과제인 여성인력활용의 기초자료로서 중소기업 수요조사를 진행하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 응답 기업에서 상당수 여성인력채용을 계획하고 있으며, 기업의 인력난 해소 방안으로 여성인력을 염두하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 남성인력과 대비해 여성인력이 어떤 부분에서 경쟁력을 갖는지 파악할 수 있었으며, 향후 여성인력에게 직무관련 능력향상과 직업의식 교육 등을 제공해야할 뿐만 아니라 기업담당자의 인식 변화를 위한 노력이 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.377-398
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in men's thinking and attitude on prostitution and gender based on the previous experience of buying sex. It was an exploratory survey for planning future studies and movements for changing a way of thinking in relation to prostitution. A total of 1328 male adults(above 19 years) completed a questionnaire consisting of general thinking of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism. The respondents answered differently in the probability of paying for sex in future and the way how to get a sex information according to the previous experience of buying sex. Those respondents who had paid for sex, had higher scores on three types of sex attitude measures than those who did not. The previous experience of buying sex was significantly correlated with sub-factors of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism except for the sub-factor on recognizing a sex worker as a victim (factor 4 of buying sex). These results suggest that men who had paid for sex had more traditional gender-stereotypes and attitudes. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed in a feminist perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.163-178
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• 2002

This study, focused on reuse of the concepts of unused clothing recycling, was intended to provide basic materials and suggestions for establishing the drastic measures necessary for consumer education related to recycling by investigating how experiences in the recycling of unused clothes would show up according to environmental consciousness and recycling consciousness and then probing the scheme for the recycling of clothes. Since it was found that recycling consciousness was the variable that exerted a great effect on experiences in recycling unused clothes, consumer education about recycling will have to be revitalized. And detailed and specialized education on environmental consciousness is more important than emphasis on the importance of environmental consciousness.