• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of social participation among female baby boomers. The key research questions were asked in what kind of activities do female baby boomers engage as social participation? The in-depth interview was used with 11 female baby boomers who were born between 1955 to 1963. The interview text were analyzed by the qualitative study method. The findings are as follows. First, the most common type of social participation was having hobbies and leisure activities, and the other were participating in religious activities, learning activities, volunteer activities and on-line club activities. Second, social participation gave them meanings such as joy, satisfaction, and experiences of seeing the new world as well as opportunities to make up low sense of self-esteem formed in their young age. Third, they were considering it was time to change their social participation. The cases who were actively engaging in social participation considered old age as 'the process of reducing social participation'. Some other cases considered to 'share hobbies with spouse', and to 'achieve new goals and dreams'. The results showed that female baby boomers started their social participation in their middle ages when they became free from their children's education. The level of the involvement in social participation was reduced in their old age. Surprisingly, some interviewees planned to accomplish their dreams and goals that they haven't achieved yet. These differences among the cases could be attributed to the individual characteristics such as personality, birth order, economic and educational background, and to the social relationship.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-78
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the resource transfer process from female baby boomers to their children who have gotten married or plan on getting married. The following research questions were explored. (1)To what extent have female baby boomers been transferring their resources to their children supporting marriage or vice versa? (2)What are the opinions of female baby boomers on future resource transfer plans to their children? (3)What are the opinions of female baby boomers on supporting themselves in their old age, and those of their children on supporting their aging parents? In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 female baby boomers who were born between 1955 to 1963. A case study research method was used to analyze the interview results. The findings were as follows. First, economic resource was the most common type of resources that the interviewees transferred to their children. Those who could not transfer their economic resources instead transferred their instrumental resources. Second, it was anticipated that the current trend of interviewees' resource transfers would be similar in the future. In other words, those who used to transfer a large amount of economic resources to their children showed their willingness to do the same in the future. Third, the interviewees did not expect support from their children, but rather were trying to prepare for their old age by themselves. Based on the overall results, the female baby boomers' transferring economic resources to their children implied that they took responsibility for their children. This appears to stem more from to altruistic motivation than reciprocal motivation. Moreover, it can be cautiously concluded that female baby boomers have different perspectives on the transfer of their resources from male's since the interviewees had different opinions on it from their husbands'.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.51-74
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• 2017

Objectives: This study observes how providing family support - financial, emotional, and instrumental - is related to depression in babyboom women. Method: I analysed data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families 5th wave, collected by the Korean Women's Development Institute. The analysis was conducted using regression, t-test, Chi-square test, frequency analysis, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Financial support for grown-up children, either married or unmarried, increases depression in babyboom women. In the dimension of instrumental support, caring for grandchildren reduces babyboom women's depression. It implies that contact with grandchildren is perceived as an emotional support rather than a physical burden. The results of this study also show that babyboom women are comforted by living with their own parents, but not by living with parents-in-law. The most impressive observation, however, is in the dimension of emotional support, which showed that the conversation with elderly parents reduces baby-boom women's depression, but that the conversation with married children increases it. The opposite directions in the effects seem to be related to the subjects of the conversations. The subjects of the conversation with children are mostly about problems and agenda of the children, while those with elderly parents are mainly about parents' health and care for each other. Conclusions: The results of the analyses suggest that babyboom women should become less involved with their grown-up children's lives. It also calls for the societal efforts to be put into building up the support system, especially for eco-boom generation, to reduce babyboomer's burden of supporting the children.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.107-117
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of burden of support for unmarried adult children on the depression of married women and the mediating effect of couple conflict in the process. To this end, 1,076 married women with baby boomer husbands and unmarried adult children were extracted based on the data from the 7th year of the Women and Family Panel (KLoWF) and analyzed by using a structural equation. Looking at the results of the analysis, first, the burden of supporting unmarried adult children had a positive(+) effect on the depression of married women, and also had a positive(+) effect on couple conflict. Second, it was found that couple conflict had a positive(+) effect on the depression of married women. Third, couple conflict was found to play a role as a partial mediator between the burden of supporting unmarried adult children and the feeling of depression. Based on the above findings, the study suggested the various programs to resolve couple conflicts and decrease the depression of married women.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.778-792
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify women (aged from 49~59), who have recently emerged as consumers, and their clothing preferences, and it suggests how to make jackets provide better fit and wearability. The results of the study are as follows. In drafting a pattern for size 66 tailored collar jacket with an X-silhouette, it was made with front waist length measuring B/4+1.5 cm, a back length of B/4+1.3 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, a hip ease of H/4+1.2 cm and a sleeve opening of 34.5 cm, to allow for easy movement. In drafting a size 66 high neck collar jacket, it was made with a front and back waist length measuring B/4+1.5 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, a hip ease of H/4+1.2 cm and a sleeve opening of 35 cm. In drafting a size 66 sports collar jacket with an A-silhouette, it was made with front and back waist lengths measuring B/4+1.5 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, and a side dart of 1.3 cm, to provide raglan sleeves. The last experimental jacket pattern improved the appearance and moving fitness evaluation especially for shoulder and arm movement. Based on analysis, jackets were made and subjected to an appearance evaluation using multi-modules to test the level of wearing satisfaction for each fabric and silhouette. the results of the multi-module wearing tests indicate that the preferred silhouettes caused less stressful situations in terms of both psychological and physiological signals.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.293-303
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of burden of caring unmarried adult children on depression of employed women and to verify the mediating effects of couple communication and job satisfaction. For the purpose, the data from the fourth year Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families on 586 employed women with baby boomer husbands and unmarried adult children were analyzed by using structure equation modeling. The found results are as follows. First, burden of caring unmarried adult children of employed women had a positive effect on their depression, while it had a negative effect on couple communication and job satisfaction. Second, couple communication of employed women influenced negatively on their depression and had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between burden of caring unmarried adult children and depression. Third, the effect of burden of caring unmarried adult children on depression of employed women was partly mediated by their job satisfaction. Further, the practical programs to enhance couple communication and job satisfaction, as well to reduce depression, were presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.516-527
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• 2021

Due to the aging population and the entry of baby boomers into the elderly, the elderly are recognized as a group with diversity rather than a single group with the same needs. Therefore, it is necessary to try to grasp the factors that the elderly use welfare centers from the perspective of consumers. The results showed that gender, age, education, occupation, economic status, social class, number of friends, number of social activities, number of diseases, and depression were significant. In other words, women than men, older people, highly educated people, elderly people without jobs, elderly people with poor economic status, the elderly belonging to a lower social class, the more friends, the more social activities involved, the more diseases, the higher the depression, the higher the probability of using the welfare center. It was found that heterogeneous elderly groups, such as the elderly with high educational background, many friends, and active participation in society, and the elderly, economically difficult, and poor in health, use the welfare center. Based on these research results, policy and practical suggestions were made to improve the quality of welfare services for the elderly.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.83-102
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• 2017

Expending on a life course perspective, this study explores the long-term and short-term reciprocity in parent-child relationships in Korean context. Since the reasons for providing filial support are believed to differ by gender, we focused on how a child's gender affects both types of reciprocity. Data were collected from middle-aged sons (N=726) and daughters (N=883) with at least one surviving parent. Logistic regression was then conducted in order to examine the relations between the support a child currently provides to parents and the current or previous support received from the parents. Dependent variables are financial and instrumental support that middle-aged child currently provide to the parents. The financial and instrumental support a child received from the parents within a year are included in the model as an independent variable to assess short-term reciprocity. The level of financial support a child has received during the transition to adulthood process is included in the model as a independent variable to explore long-term reciprocity. Result supports the existence of gender differences in the long-term reciprocity. Daughters provided instrumental support in response to the financial support that they had received from parents during the transition to adulthood process. However, for sons, this tendency was not found. When it comes to financial support, long-term reciprocity was observed neither for the sons nor for the daughters. Both sons and daughters are prone to provide financial support to the aged parents regardless of the level of financial support they had received during the transition to adulthood process. Short-term reciprocity was found both in sons and daughters. when they have been receiving a financial or an instrumental support from the aged parents within a year, they tend to provided instrumental support to the parents. This study shows that the aged parents still fulfill the reciprocal relationship to a certain degree. Secondly, we can conclude that the norm of reciprocity interplays with the norm of filial responsibility in contemporary Korea.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.878-887
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• 2017

This study performed a qualitative research on the transformative learning cases in vocational education for female baby-boom generation. The baby-boom generation that recently starts retirement is participating in vocational education for their re-employment. Even though their first goal of education was to find a job, they experienced in finding themselves through the actual education. Especially, female baby-boom generation learners were finding their own identity as an entity of social participation, getting out of the existing identity as wife, mother, and housewife. Such a learning experience was the process of recovering themselves, and in this process, new meanings of life were formed. In the results of the study, first, the learning experience in vocational education was the transformative learning to find themselves. They newly created themselves by critically introspecting their negative experience and perception of themselves, and then rearranging/cognizing the accumulated experiences. Second, the immersion in the transitional process to learner increased the motivation for learning and also drew learning about learning. Especially, they reinterpreted their educational methods and contents based on their learning experience in the vocational activity. Through the process, they learnt their past learning experience again. Third, the educational volunteer activity through learning club was a place for study to practice learning. Through this, the research participants realized that theories could not be separated from practice.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the food-related lifestyle choices of female baby boomers and to investigate variables regarding home meal replacement (HMR) buying behaviors and future needs. This study was conducted on 358 female baby boomers 53 years of age living in Gyeonggi and near Seoul. Out of 420 distributed questionnaires, 358 were returned and used for analysis (response rate: 85.2%). As a result of cluster analysis, three groups were identified based on the food-related lifestyles : a value-seeking group, a convenience-seeking group, and a health-seeking group. Among the three groups, there were significant differences in two socio-demographic characteristics, education level (p<0.05) and regular exercise (p<0.01), and in several health- and food-related habits, type of breakfast (p<0.01), type of dinner (p<0.05), dinner details (p<0.05), frequency of eating out (p<0.05), and eating habits score (p<0.01). The health-seeking group was significantly more likely to purchase ready to cook (RTC) items (59.1%) than were the other groups (p<0.001). However, the ratio of HMR purchasing for the purpose of meal replacement (p<0.05) and an HMR purchasing frequency of more than twice a week (p<0.001) were significantly lower in the health-seeking group. Reasons for selecting HMR showed a similar tendency among groups in taste (26.2%), convenience (18.7%), price (16.9%), safety (15.3%) and type of food (14.3%). However, the satisfaction scores for hygiene and safety reported by the health-seeking group were significantly lower than those reported by the other groups. More than two-thirds of all respondents were willing to purchase HMR in the future, though there were significant differences according to group: convenience-seeking group, 73.1%, health-seeking group, 70.1%, and value-seeking group, 65.7% (p<0.05). Our results suggest that the number of baby boomers purchasing HMR products will continue to grow and baby boomers will want HMR products to be more healthy (52.0%), safe (28.5%) and delicious (13.4%). An emphasis on taste was high in the convenience-seeking group, whereas an emphasis on health was high in the health-seeking and value-seeking groups. In conclusion, this study shows various food-related lifestyles amongst female baby boomers and illustrates the need to develop HMR marketing strategies targeted to these different lifestyles.