• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.835-848
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to find efficient and customized tools for delivering the benefit of health functional foods (HFFs). Delivery tools which could influence the impact of advertising were images, explanations of ingredients, diagrams of health benefit, patents, and comments from authority. Six advertisements were developed using these tools: "A": relevant image + explanation of ingredients + scientific diagram of efficacy; "B": relevant image + explanation of ingredients; "C": relevant image; "D": irrelevant image; "E": irrelevant image + explanation of ingredient + patent; "F": irrelevant image + explanation of ingredient + comments from authority. To analyze the consumer perceptions on HFFs and advertisement effects, 300 respondents were requested to answer a questionnaire comprising of the following questions: 5 questions of attitudes (necessity of HFFs, trust in HFFs, gathering information, watching advertisements and trust in advertisement claims) and 6 questions on the 6 developed advertisements (attention, understanding, sufficiency of information, sympathy, trust, and purchase). Scoring was done as per the 5 Likert scale. There was a higher proportion of females and the elderly, as compared to males and youngsters. The overall consumer attitudes were positive. Explanation of ingredients, scientific diagram of health benefit, patents and expert comments were helpful factors in increasing the advertisement evaluation by consumer, but the images were not. Advertisement evaluation of consumer did not differ with gender and age. However, differences were observed between some of the consumer attitudes (necessity of HFFs, trust in HFFs, gathering information and trust in advertisements claim) and advertisement evaluations (attention, understanding, sympathy and purchase). Our results indicate that for consumers utilizing the HFFs, advertisements with concrete tools such as diagrams, patent, and expert comments are more helpful. However, for consumers who do not have interest in HFFs, the scientific information was irrelevant. We believe that to maximize the effect of health information in advertisements, consumers should be segmented, and customized tools for each segment needs to be developed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the female college students' preferences to the images of both western and eastern pictures, and positive/negative perception on to the model's nationality in the apparel advertizing pictures of fashion magazines. 100 students participated in the survey, and 20 stimulus pictures were shown to them. The results were as follows: The female college students preferred the western images than the eastern images in the pictures of bedroom, palace and beer, while they preferred the eastern images in the pictures of snack and famous drawings of a beauty. But they showed more positive attitude to all the western models' advertizement pictures than the eastern models' ones, in casual wear, formal wear, watches and inner-wear divisions except in men's formal wear division. This meant that the perception of female students on western images was positive and it seems stimulating the consumers preferences of brand images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1878-1890
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• 2008

The main objective of this study was to examine how Chinese consumers' perceptions toward Korean apparel products have changed over the years. Specifically, motives for purchasing Korean apparel products, information sources, purchase criteria and evaluation on Korean apparel products were investigated. Data were collected in 2002, 2003, 2005, and 2007 from young female Chinese in Beijing, China during the months of June and July. A total of 603 questionnaires were collected and 578 were used in the final analysis. The results of two-way analysis of variance by year and purchase experience indicated that in overall, purchase motives and importance of various information sources changed greatly over the years, while evaluation on Korean apparel products have remained relatively stable. In comparison to the longitudinal changes in Chinese perception toward Korean apparel products, Chinese consumers' perception toward Korean apparel products did not differ significantly in most of variables according to purchase experience.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.8
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• pp.89-110
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• 2001

The purpose of this study were to examine the types of apparel store, to investigate consumer characteristics related to the apparel store patronage behaviors, and to find out the differences of casual relationships on apparel store patronage behaviors in store types. Data were collected from 451 consumers living in Pusan and analysed by factor analysis, ANOVA and path analysis. The results were as followings : First, the types of apparel store recognized by consumers were composed by five factors such as Casual-wear store, Traditional market store, Neighboring store, Department store, and Small-sized department store. Second, apparel store patronage behaviors have significant differences recreational and economic shopping orientations, Fashionability in store evaluative creteria, social psychologic risks in perceived risks, and observation store information source. Third, there were differences in casual relationships an apparel store patronage behaviors across store types. Casual-wear store patronage behaviors were directly influenced by the information source, and traditional market store patronage behaviors did by the perceived risk. Apparel shopping orientations directly influenced Neighboring store, and department store patronage behaviors. Evaluative creteria of store directly did small-sized department store. That is, consumer characteristics directly influencing to patronage behaviors were different across apparel store types. Therefore, the marketers of apparel store should understand consumer characteristics related to patronage behaviors and affecting variable and then try to encourage consumer's store patronage behavior.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

Korean cosmetic distribution channels were formerly divided into sales visits and specialty shops, which made up the entire cosmetics market. However, recently the market and cosmetic distribution channels have become much more diversified. Thus, research for this study focused on the usage and purchase situations of cosmetic distribution channels depending on cosmetic type perception. This study also focused on the intent to purchase cosmetics by a cosmetic distribution channel in order to provide a precise cognitive background of consumers regarding cosmetic distribution channels. In doing so, the competitiveness of those channels could be procured and the causal relationships between these variables can be investigated. To achieve these purposes, the research model and hypotheses were derived through literature research on the cosmetics industry, cosmetic distribution channels, and consumers' intent to purchase. A survey was implemented from September $1^{st}$ to $14^{th}$, 2014 for empirical testing. and was given to female consumers in their 20s. 468 out of 500 surveys were collected; a total of 415 were used for analysis while the others were excluded due to with unreliable responses. The SPSS 21.0 program was used for analysis of materials. The overall conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between perception of cosmetic distribution channels and intent to purchase. The above research results may stimulate establishment of marketing implications and research material when establishing marketing strategies to promote cosmetic distribution and consumption.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.533-545
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• 2013

A type of Korean traditional cookies, yackwa is composed of ingredients which serve as good medicine to people. Further, it has a priceless value and possibility to be a healthy functional dessert. For this study, we developed variable yackwa, containing red-ginseng powder and green tea powder, in order to target the foreign market as well as to investigate the perception and preference of yackwa. The test sample for the control group, yackwa is made of flour, sugar, baking powder, sesame oil and alcohol. For the experimental group, yackwa contains red-ginseng and green tea powder (3, 6, 9, 12%). The investigation period was May 14th, 2013 and the total number of participants was 100. The investigation applied a consumer survey method by filling out a questionnaire while tasting 9 kinds of yackwa samples. They were used for frequency, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis with SPSS 19.0. In the yackwa perception survey, the result indicated that 52.0% of the customers replied 'Do not know well' and 'Do not know at all' which conveys that the perception of yackwa is very low. In contrast, the perception of the red-ginseng and green tea which are functional ingredients is high and the customers tend to prefer the taste and flavor of green tea than red-ginseng. And they prefer the yackwa containing 3% of red-ginseng and green tea powder compared to other ratio contents in the overall preference, color, taste, flavor, odor, degree of greasiness and texture. When people who have a higher perception of yackwa, they tended to prefer the color of red-ginseng yackwa and dislike the color of green tea yackwa. And the more people prefer the taste of green tea, the higher in overall preference, color, taste, flavor, and odor preference.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.85-96
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• 2002

Entering the period of Mass Customization, and with the help of the Digital Textile Printing technology, the purpose of this study is to propose two customer involved design process models, based on the Digital Textile Printing technology, and to compare their efficiencies and appropriateness with those of the existing design process model, which would lead us to discover the possibilities of Mass Customized design process. By the result obtained from the survey of 166 females in their twenties and thirties, the second Mass Customized design process model which gave most choices to prosumers was preferred the most, while the existing design process which gave no choice seemed to be preferred the least, and among the design elements of textile, color appeared to be the most significant influential factor in the preference of the clothing by the consumers. In summary, it appeared that every aspect of the society requires a shift in the process of the thought from Mass Production to Mass Customization at this point, and a guideline was made from the Mass Customized design process suggested in this study.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.815-824
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• 2013

This study divides female consumers according to eco-friendly attitudes and the purchase frequency of eco-clothing products; in addition, it analyzes the characteristics of each group in terms of LOHAS lifestyles, the attitudes for eco-clothing products, and satisfaction. Eco-clothing attitudes of female consumers were lower than eco-friendly attitudes. A total of 360 female consumers were divided into 4 group according to purchase frequency and the eco attitude, Type 1: survival (33.0%), Type 2: wellbeing (25.6%), Type 3: curious (15.0%), Type 4: LOHAS (26.4%); in addition, age, income, marit alstatus, occupation, LOHAS lifestyle and shopping places were differentiated by type. Type 1 (low eco attitude and low eco-clothing purchase) were composed of the youngest, college students, low income, low level of LOHAS lifestyles and low level of eco-clothing attitude. Type 2 (high eco attitude and low eco-clothing purchase) were interested in healthy eating & exercise among LOHAS lifestyles; in addition, Type 1 & 2 showed alow level of eco-clothing satisfaction. Type 3, low eco attitude and high eco-clothing purchase, were characterized with high expenditures on clothing relative to income as well as lower levels of family activities and leisure life than LOHAS Type 4. Type 4 (high eco attitude and high eco-clothing purchase) were the oldest group and mostly composed of married workers (the highest income) with the highest LOHAS lifestyles and the highest level of eco-clothing satisfaction.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.449-454
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• 2019

This study was designed to present the direction of Korean K-beauty by examining awareness, selection attributes, and satisfaction of the Chinese on Korean brand mask packs, which currently rank among the top 10 mask packs in China's beauty market. As a result, the perception of Korean Wave, especially entertainment / music preference, has a positive (+) effect on Korean mask pack choice attributes. Also, it was found that the influence of the Korean Wave greatly affected both satisfaction and repurchase intention. The increase of Chinese women's consumption and the appearance of the society due to the advancement of the society also affects the appearance. However, the safety and efficacy of the product has yet to be established. If the improvement of these technologies and the countermeasures of domestic cosmetics companies are provided, Korea's K-Beauty industry will be more active in the domestic and overseas markets.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2019

This study determined the impact of 'Fashion Augmented Reality (FAR)' acceptance factors based on the model of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) on consumer attitudes, intention to use technology, and fashion product purchase intention. A survey asked participants to have an AR experience using a FAR app to understand FAR in advance. Data were analyzed factor analysis and stepwise regression using SPSS. The results are as follows. First, the factor analysis classified the acceptance variables of FAR technology into 'social relations', 'shopping effectiveness', and 'easy to use FAR'. Second, among the three factors of FAR acceptance, 'shopping effectiveness' is statistically more influential on positive attitudes towards FAR. However, 'easy to use' factor was more influential on 'the intention to use technology' as well as 'purchase intention'. Third, 'social relations' were identified as an important factor affecting 'consumer attitudes', 'intention to use technology' and 'purchase intention' which are not well covered in fashion technology research. In addition, 'the intention to use technology' was found to be influential on 'purchase intention' and indicated the importance of easiness of FAR to enhance purchase intention.