• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.217-217
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• 1999

축전 결합 차폐막(Faraday shield)이 없는 평판형 유도 결합 플라즈마 장치에서 방전 모드 전이 중출력 결합 변화동안 전자 가열에 대한 연구가 행하여졌다. 전자 에너지 분포 함수(EEDF)의 전개가 RF 보상탐침을 사용, 교류 충첩 방법으로 측정된다. RF 출력에 따른 전자 밀도, 유효 전자 온도 및 특히, 플라즈마 전위의 동향이 제시된다. bi-Maxwellian EEDF를 가진 플라즈마에서 플라즈마 전위가 고 에너지 전자 그룹에 의해 결정됨을 보이고, 플라즈마 전위와 EEDF 상호 관계가 논의된다. 실험 결과로부터 RF출력에 따른 플라즈마 전위의 변화가 전자 가열에 있어 축전 출력 결합의 상대적인 기여의 변화를 반영함을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.21 no.45
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 에너지 함수의 직접적인 평가에 기초해 홉필드 신경망을 진화시킴에 따라 적응적으로 에너지 계수를 결정하는 기법을 제시하고자 한다. 이 기법에 근거하여 구해지는 계수들의 효과를 검증하기 위해 응용 모델인 TSP(Traveling Salesman Problem)에 적용하여, 실험을 통한 계수 값의 변화 추이를 분석하고 그 결과를 기존의 기법들과 비교한다. 또한 제안된 방법에 필수적인 각 단계에서의 에너지 값의 평가를 위한 부가적인 연산을 줄이기 위해 단계적으로 증감분만을 계산하는 효율적인 연산법을 제시한다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

IoT technology that utilizes wireless body area networks (WBAN) and biosensors is an important field in the health industry to minimize resources and monitor patients. In order to integrate IoT and WBAN, a cooperative protocol that constitutes WBAN's limited sensor nodes and rapid routing for efficient data transmission is required. In this paper we propose an we propose an energy efficient and cooperative link energy-efficient routing strategy(LEERS) to solve the problems of redundant data transmission detection and limited network sensor lifetime extention. The proposed scheme considers the hop count node congestion level towards the residual energy sink and bandwidth and parameters. In addition, by determining the path cost function and providing effective multi-hop routing, it is shown that the existing method is improved in terms of residual energy and throughput

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1993

This paper designed to identify energy demand behavior which are employed price: expenditure, traffic activity, and fuel substitution effect in the transportation sector. According to analysis, we find that first of all in this sector, enhancement of fuel economies and improvement of public transportation system are quite significant.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

This paper attempts to estimate the residential electricity demand function, using survey data of 521 households in Korea. As the residential electricity demand function provides us information on the pattern of consumer's electricity consumption, it can be usefully utilized in predicting the impact of policy variables such as electricity price and forecasting electricity demands. We apply least absolute deviation(LAD) estimation as a robust approach to estimating parameters. The results showed that price and income elasticities are -0.68 and 0.14 respectively, and statistically significant at the 10% levels. The price and income elasticities portray that residential electricity is price- and income-inelastic. This implies that the residential electricity is indispensable goods to human-being's life, thus the residential electricity demand would not be promptly adjusted to responding to price and/or income change.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.381-386
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• 2008

Virtual 3D audio methods that create 3D sound effects are researched highly for multimedia devices using 2 speakers or headphone. The most typical method to create 3D effects is a technology through use of head related transfer function (HRTF) which contains the information that sound arrives from a sound source to the ears of the listener. But it can decline some 3D effects by cone of confusion between front and back directions due to the non-individual HRTF depending on each listener. In this paper, we propose a new method to use psychoacoustic theory that creates realistic 3D audio. In order to improve 3D sound, we calculate the excitation energy of each symmetric HRTF and extract the ratio of energy of each bark range. Informal listening tests show that the proposed method improves the front-bach sound localization characteristics much better than the conventional methods.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 1983

This paper is concerned with the permeability through a decomposed granite soil layer which is influnced by change of grain sizes and crushed soils made by varied compaction energy. The change in the content of crushed soils can be described in terms of the ratio of surface area ($S_w{^{\prime}}/S_w $). The experiments were carried out to obtain the relationships of the coefficient of permeability(K) versus the optimum moisture content($w_{opt}$) by the variable head permeability test with the samples that were preapared by compaction test. The results are found as follows; (1) By the change in compaction energy, the crush ratio increased whereas the void ratio decreased with a larger maximum dry density running in parallel with the zero air void curve. (2) The ratio of surface area was $0.33(P)^{0.96}$ in $S_w{^{\prime}}/S_w $ with no relation to the compaction energy. (3) The grain size which produced the largest crush of soil particles ranged from 0.5 to 1 millimetre (4) The relationship of K versus $e^3$/1+e appeared as a straight line on the full-log-scale paper under the optimum moisture state. (5) As the compaction energy was larger, the passing percentage of #200-sieve grains increased linearly. The increment in the surface area ratio was deemed to have been caused by the decreased in the permeability.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.164.2-164.2
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• 2010

KEPCO에서는 발전소로부터 생산되는 전력을 각 가정에 공급하기 위하여 전력선을 설치하고 있다. 이 전력선은 지상과 지중에 동시에 설치되고 있으며, 지상에 위치한 전력선을 가공선이라 한다. 지중에 설치된 전력선을 지중선이라 하며, 지중선을 설치하기 위한 공사를 지중화공사라 한다. 전력선은 전력이 통전될 때 일정한 온도 이상의 열이 발생하게 되며 이 열이 신속하게 외부로 빠져나가야지만 전력수송효율이 떨어지지 않게 된다. 지중화공사는 대부분 도로를 재굴착하여 설치하게 되며, 전력선을 설치한 후 주변 되메움재로는 모래를 이용하고 있다.하지만 최근 들어 모래의 수급이 딸리고, 가격이 높아지고 있는 관계로 이의 대체재료가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전력선 되메움재인 모래의 대체재료로 건설폐기물의 일종이었던 순환골재를 이용하기 위하여 열저항특성을 분석하였다. 이미 순환골재는 2005년부터 공공 공사에 의무적으로 사용하도록 규정이 되어 있어 도로 또는 콘크리트 골재로 사용하고 있다. 순환골재를 전력선 되메움재로 사용하기 위해서는 열저항온도(thermal resistivity)가 $120^{\circ}C$-cm/W 이하가 되어야만 전력선 효율이 떨어지지 않기 때문에 이를 만족하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해 QTM-500 장비를 이용하여 순환골재의 열저항 특성실험을 시행하였다. 실험의 원활한 수행을 위하여 순환골재의 입도는 5.0mm 이하로 제한하였으며, 인자로는 다짐도와 함수비를 중요한 인자로 선택하였다. 분석결과, 다짐도 및 함수비는 순환골재의 열저항온도에 영향을 미치는 주인자로 나타났으며, 일부 교호작용도 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 실험결과를 바탕으로 현장 실증실험을 수행할 예정이며, 본 연구결과는 KEPCO의 순환골재 이용기준수립에 활용할 예정이다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 1996

This study was carried out find out the appropriate tuning method of PID controller for a package type gas engine cogeneration system in terms of stabilizing the engine coolant temperature and system heat balance. In order to acquire the proper parameters of the controller, a system transfer function was set as a first order plus dead time model and thereafter model parameters were determined by using several tuning methods. And, with determined values of parameters and the system transfer functions, optimal turning method was selected by simulating the process using MATLAB. From the experimental results, it was found that obtained PID gains made the system stable in various operating conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.35-44
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• 2002

In this paper, the analytic studies on the wave control performance of moored pontoon-type floating breakwater are presented. A two-dimensional eigenfunction expansion method is adopted to study the motion responses and the transmission coefficients of pontoon-type floating breakwater in beam waves. The stiffness coefficients of mooring line are idealized as linear elastic spring. Comparison of the analytical results with a numerical results (FEM) shows good agreement over a wide range of frequencies. The performance of mooed pontoon-type floating breakwater is tested with various design parameters such as sectional geometry, mooring line characteristics and wave frequencies. It is found that the properly designed floating breakwater can be an effective wave control structure.