• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to find whether the perception of facial attractiveness is influenced by gender, age and kinds of affective dimensions(sharp/soft, babyish/mature). In the study the participants (48 elementary school students, 44 middle school students, 39 university students comprised of 60 males and 71 females) were shown the photos of sixty female faces and asked to grade each face on a nine point scale in three different dimensions (sharp/soft, babyish/mature, attractive/unattractive). Results using Multi-level analysis, faces that were babyish and soft were perceived as more attractive regardless of gender and age. But differences were found in the strength of facial attractiveness by gender and age. Two groups (elementary school students and middle school students) perceived the same photos of female faces to be less attractive than the university students. Also, male participants perceived the faces to be less attractive than female participants. Moreover the study showed a significant difference between university students and elementary school students in relation to the sharp/soft dimension and this dimension was more influential on elementary school students than university students. These results further suggest that if a face looks babyish and soft, then the face will be perceived as attractive regardless of gender or age. However, the degree of facial attractiveness perceived depends on the participant's gender and age.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.340-343
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• 2006

With an assumption that the view point of a given society and time on facial attractiveness can be inferred by analyzing winners of beauty pageant faces, the trends in the physical measures of miss Koreas were investigated. A classification model of affective facial impressions was used to obtain the physical measures of the faces and classifying them into a face-type category. The number of face images analyzed in the study were 171 winners of Miss Korea Contest. The results show that there has been a shift in the impression from 'mature' to 'babyish' for the Korean beauty-contest winners for the last 50 years.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.533-540
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• 2010

This study was designed to examine the difference in visual attention between the evaluations of facial attractiveness and facial trustworthiness, both of which may be the two most fundamental social evaluation for forming first impressions under various types of social interactions. In study 1, participants were asked to evaluate the attractiveness and trustworthiness of 40 new faces while their gaze directions being recorded using an eye-tracker. The analysis revealed that participants spent significantly longer gaze fixation time while examining certain facial features such as eyes and nose during the evaluation of facial trustworthiness, as compared to facial attractiveness. In study 2, participants performed the same face evaluation tasks, except that a word was briefly displayed on a certain facial feature in each face trial, which were then followed by unexpected recall tests of the previously viewed words. The analysis demonstrated that the recognition rate of the words that had been presented on the nose was significantly higher for the task of facial trustworthiness vs. facial attractiveness evaluation. These findings suggest that the evaluation of facial trustworthiness may be distinguished by that of facial attractiveness in terms of the allocation of attentional resources.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.271-284
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• 2008

With an assumption that the view point of a given society and time on facial attractiveness can be inferred by analyzing popular stars' faces, the cross-cultural differences in the physical measures of Korean and foreign stars were investigated. A classification model of affective facial impressions was used to obtain the physical measures of the faces and classifying them into a face-type category. The number of face images analyzed in the study were 297 in total: 94 Korean stars, and 203 foreign stars. The results show that the common characteristics found in the cross-cultural analyses of Western and Eastern stars was a sharp face.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.677-679
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• 2007

With an assumption that the view point of a given society and time on facial attractiveness can be inferred by analyzing popular stars' faces, the cross-cultural differences in the physical measures of Korean and foreign stars were investigated. A classification model of affective facial impressions was used to obtain the physical measures of the faces and classifying them into a face-type category. The number of face images analyzed in the study were 629 in total: 258 Korean stars, and 200 foreign stars. The results show that the common characteristics found in the cross-cultural analyses of Western and Eastern stars was a babyish impression. Babyish feature was found distinctive also in western male stars, while such trend was not found in Asian male star.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.749-772
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• 2022

This study aimed at investigating the validity of WHR (or waist-to-hip ratio) and Golden ratio as standards of physical attractiveness. Each of 60 male and 60 female college students were divided into two groups of 30. Using the 3D game program, each person in one group drew a physically attractive figure of the opposite sex while the other group drew a physically attractive figure of the same sex. Then, WHR and Golden ratio of the figures were measured and compared with the ideal WHR (.7 for women and .9 for men) and Golden ratio 1.618. It was found that WHR and Golden ratio for the physically attractive figures were lower than the ideal standards regardless of the participant's gender. That is, the participants preferred to men and women having curvaceous body shapes with a narrow waist and a wide pelvis. In most cases, Golden ratios measured in many ways were not correspondent to the ideal ratio, 1.618. In regards to BR (or Body Ratio), the legs and waist of the physically attractive figures were shorter relative to the Golden ratio and this was more salient for physically attractive man figures. Regarding the facial ratio measured by FR(or facial ratio) and FR_VP(or facial ratio_vertical point), the faces of figures made by participants, regardless of their sex, were shorter and wider compared to the Golden ratio. Further, the participants preferred baby-faced woman and masculine man figures. Finally, implications of the findings, limitations the of the present study, and the suggestions for future research were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.113-123
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to look into the effect of wearing color lenses on one's image and was based on 221 college students in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do. I examined how it appears as the evaluation factor visually. After by looking in the different image effect and relevance as to the classified evaluating factors, I tried to look into what effect the color lenses has on woman eye and image. The result is as follows. It appears that wearing color lenses makes one look fancier, more attractive, sophisticated, and favorable, whereas not wearing color lenses makes one look softer, weaker, more innocent, and comfortable. Analyzing these evaluations showed that wearing color lenses has most to do with attractiveness followed by pureness, familiarity, and decorativeness in order, whereas not wearing color lenses has most to do with familiarity followed by attractiveness, pureness, and decorativeness. It is considered that eyes with color lenses on them make the person seem decorative, attractive, and pure, which brings effect of improving one's eye and face image. Analyzing the correlation between each color lenses-wearing factor and one's image showed that when a person is wearing color lenses, the more the person is considered decorative, pure, and attractive, the more it has to do with improving the person's eye and face image. The result, therefore, shows that wearing color lenses makes one's eye and face image attractive, pure, and decorative, and wearing them is an important means to improve one's eye and face image.

• 건강소식
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.16-17
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• 2013

한결같은 배우 박진희(35). 평소 '여자의 진정한 매력은 외모보다 내면의 아름다움'이라고 말할 만큼 자기관리가 철저한 배우다. 그래서 그런지 느낌도 외모도 데뷔시절의 풋풋함 그대로다. 맑고 깨끗한 눈과 단아한 얼굴형, 오똑한 콧날과 새초롬한 입술, 여기에다 청순하고 우아한 이미지까지. 동료 여자 연예인들 사이에서도 부러움의 대상이 되는 그녀만의 건강 스타일을 알아보자.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.401-412
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of female applicant's facial attractiveness and feminine-masculine clothing image on job performance evaluation and hiring decision. The research design of study consisted of 3(facial attractiveness high, middle, low)${\times}$2(feminine and masculine clothing image) factorial design. The subject consisted of 243 persons whose occupation were mid-sized companies' administrator in Gwangju and Seoul City. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, Duncan test, ANOVA, t-test. The results of this study were as follows. First, three factors emerged to account for the job performance evaluation. These factors were given the titles of task performance, cooperation and self-management factors. Second, applicant's facial attractiveness exerted significant positive effect on self-management and significant negative effect on cooperation. Third, applicant's facial attractiveness exerted significant effect on hiring decision. Finally, the interaction effect of female applicant's facial attractiveness and feminine-masculine clothing image on job performance evaluation and hiring decision were not significant.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study, based on implicit personality theory and attribution theory, was to examine whether there exist the physical attractiveness stereotype, "what is beautiful is good," in the present Korea, and if exist, what is the content of it. The index of the physical attractiveness of this study was the facial attractiveness judged by 30 female university students. The appropriateness of clothing was manipulated by 4 types of clothing perceived appropriate for two assumed situations by female university students. Three female faces having high, medium, and low attractiveness were simulated with the same body dressed four types of clothing using CAD system, and a total of 12 stimulus persons were created. A total of 524 male and female(262 of male, 262 of female) university students from 3 universities in Kwangju, Korea were participated as subjects in this study. The design for the experiment was a 3$\times$4$\times$2 randomaized factorial, with three levels of facial attractiveness (high, medium, low), and four types attire(formal-masculine, formal-feminine, casual-masculine, casual-feminine), two kinds of context (job interview, dating) in which perceptions were occurred. The data were analysed using factor analysis, MANOVA, t-test and Duncan test. The results were as follows: 1. The facial attractiveness exerted significant positive effects on the evaluation of sociability, adjustment, and potency of her in both of two assumed situations (p<.001, respectively). 2. The appropriateness of stimulus person′s clothing had significant positive erect on the evaluation of sociability of stimulus person in dating context(p<.001). 3. The gender of subjects did not influenced the trait evaluations in both of two assumed situations.