• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.248-248
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• 1997

오늘날 영어교육은 교과과정령에 엄연히 명시된 네 가지 기능(four skills) 즉 듣기, 말하기, 원기, 쓰기라는 정당하고도 보편 타당성 있는 명분 하에 어떻게 가르쳐 왔는가 를 반문해 보면 많은 아쉬움이 남는다. 그간 6년간의 중등과정, 심지어는 대학에서 환 두해까지 영어를 이수한 사람틀 중에는 문자를 통해서는 상당한 수준, 그것도 영어 토박이들조차 놀랄 정도의 영어를 이해하지만, 소리를 통해 들을 때는 ---말하는 것은 두말 할 것도 없고---아주 간단한 내용의 영어조차 알아듣기 힘든 경험을 한 사람이 많다는 것은 부인할 수 없는 사실이다. 그 이유는 명백하다. 즉, 문자를 대할 때는 시각적 자극의 형태가 두뇌 속에 저장된 정보---가공할 문법적 지식---와 일치하기 때문에 쉽게 이해를 할 수 있는 반면, 소리를 들을 때는 청각적 자극의 형태가 두뇌 속에 저장된 정보---극히 불완전한 발음사전, 또는 모국어의 음운체계에 의한 영어발음--- 와 차이가 있기 때문일 것이다. 그러므로 적어도 말소리를 매체로 하는 의사소통에 있어서는 영어의 본토박이 발음을 정확히, 아니면 적어도 매우 근접하게 나마 터득하여(습관화하여)두뇌에 저장하는 일이 가장 중요한 일이다. 따라서 영어교사는 모국어의 음운체계에 대한 정확하고도 상세한 지식을 토대로 하여 영어의 음운체계와 '언어학적으로 의미 있는 (linguistically significant)' 대초분석의 방법으로 발음을 지도한다면 보다 나은 학습효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 일반적으로 모국어의 발음이 외국어의 발음에 간섭을 유발하는 경우는 다음과 같다. 1. 분절음체계가 서로 다를 때 2. 한 언어의 음소가 다른 언어의 이음(allophone)일 때 3. 유사한 음의 조음장소와 방법 이 다를 때 4. 분절음의 분포 또는 배열이 다를 때 5. 음운현상이 다를 때 6. 언어의 리듬이 다를 때 위의 여섯 가지 경우를 중심으로 영어와 한국어의 발음특성을 대조하여 '낯선 말투(foreign accent)' 또는 발음오류를 최소로 줄이는 것이 영어교사의 일차적인 목표이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.676-678
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• 2001

언어는 모든 교육에서 중요한 역할을 담당하므로 국어 교과목은 교육의 기본 목표인 언어사용의 신장을 위해서 중요하게 다루어지고 있다. 언어발달을 위한 국어 교육활동은 듣기, 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기의 네 가지 영역에 기초를 두고 있으며 학생들의 흥미를 유발할 수 있는 쌍방향 멀티미디어를 이용하면 이러한 영역의 학습효과를 증가시킬 수 있다. 그러나 기존의 웹사이트의 개발 사례를 살펴보면 교과서 중심인 일방적인 제사만이 구현되어 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 흥미와 자발적인 참여를 유발하고 행동한 것에 대해 즉각적인 반응(Feedback)을 주는 애니메이션과 음성, 효과음, 높이, 학습, 게임으로 결합된 오락적인 쌍방향 멀티미디어 웹 컨텐츠를 개발하여 언어를 배우는 어린이들의 학습능력의 향상과 창의적인 언어 활동의 증대에 기여하고자 한다. 특히, 이 시스템의 큰 특징은 학생에 대한 학습 결과를 도출하고 이에 대한 해결책 및 각종 정보를 추출하여 학습진단 결과, 재학습, 학습독력의 형태로 학생 개개인에게 메일로 보내는 학습 통합관리 기능을 포함하고 있다는 것이다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.519-526
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• 2016

MIT App Inventor 2, much like the other block-based programming languages such as Scratch and Alice, is a useful tool that can be utilized to improve the computational thinking skills for students. The coding and the execution of program are done mainly on the computer in Scratch programming, but in App Inventor 2 programming, the students can execute the program and get immediate feedback on the smart-phone in the middle of the programming. Therefore, we can expect better enhanced learning effect. In this study, it has been claimed that the learning of App Inventor2 can strengthen the computational thinking skills of our students by extracting four core concepts of the computational thinking and then showing how these concepts are applied through the learning of App Inventor 2.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.142-146
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• 2015

본 논문은 뜻풀이를 통해 한글단어를 맞추는 앱 어플리케이션인 '떴다 한글'의 구현에 대하여 논한다. 학습적인 요소와 게임적인 요소를 기반으로 만들어진 이 앱을 통하여 누구나 쉽게 이용하고 한글 단어를 학습할 수 있는 안드로이드 앱 어플리케이션이다. '떴다 한글'은 4가지 특징을 가진다. 첫 번째는 한글의 사전적인 의미를 제공하여 게임이 진행되기 때문에 사용자가 자신이 사용하는 언어의 정확한 뜻을 알 수 있게 하였다. 두 번째는 난이도를 선택할 수 있어 모든 연령대 사람들과 한글에 관심이 많은 외국인 사용자들이 쉽게 이용할 수 있다. 세 번째는 게임적 요소로 중요한 동적인 움직임과 함께 문제를 풀게 하여 사용자가 오랜 시간동안 지루하지 않게 하였다. 네 번째는 순위를 볼 수 있게 하여 자신의 점수를 등록하면 다른 사람들과 경쟁을 할 수 있도록 하여 더욱 이 앱에 관심을 갖도록 하였다. 이러한 특징들은 교육적 측면으로서 좋은 특징을 가지고 있다. 그 외에도 떴다 한글은 데이터베이스 파일을 중심으로 작동하기 때문에 파일의 구조와 입력 정보를 변경하여 여러 버전(헷갈리기 쉬운 단어, 순수우리말, 사자성어 등)의 게임으로 응용이 가능하다는 산업 및 기술적 측면의 모습도 볼 수 있다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.201-210
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• 2004

The web as a sign synthesis text has become a kernel for incorporeal knowledge as well as a communication model through the ubiquitous environment all over the world. The evaluation of the communication model, which is essential for the information structure, acts as an important basis on determining the quality of the web contents. In this study, the development of the progress of the communication of semantic meaning in the construction of the information structure was analyzed in views of the form, the function, and the emotional effect of the rich media contents of the web. The transformation process from the initial access elements through the final selection elements was suggested as the communication model and the effects of the function of the information in the web on the process was assessed by the engineering and linguistic models of Shannon, Weaver, and Roman Jakobson. The results of this study showed that the environments such as the speed, the memory space, data compression technique, and data filtering have influences on the web contents expression and the evaluation of the communication model in connection with the environments is the basis in the information structure.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

The college English teaching-learning model in this study is intended to effectively apply dictogloss activities to enhance competencies such as communication, self-directedness, and cooperation by upgrading the utilization of various online platform functions. Dictogloss is a language teaching and learning activity that combines four functions (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) of communication. College English classes in this study focus on communication-oriented integrated English education. In this study, the teaching and learning is an online-based English integrated teaching-learning method based on constructivism theory. The model presented the roles of learners and teachers according to the seven procedures.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-61
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• 2010

In Korea, Pbichim refers to a psychological state caused by emotional damages that can occur within close relationships. In this state, one might feel reluctant to express one's feelings directly to the other party. It is also possible that Pbichim transforms into anger. This study is aimed to define the term Pbichim as an indigenous psychological concept. In Korea, it is common to express one's feelings indirectly and read the other party's inward thoughts. Pbichim reflects those cultural aspects. In order to examine the representation of Pbichim in Korea, we developed a questionnaire consisting of 15 open-ended questions. The participants were 119 undergraduate and graduate students at Korea University, and the data was analyzed qualitatively. As a result, four different aspects of Pbichim (unsatisfied expectation, being ignored, being alienated, and power struggle) could be differentiated by the situation in which people are likely to present Pbichim. The personality traits of Pbichim, the way of relieving it, as well as positive and negative functions of Pbichim were also elicited. In addition, it was found that Pbichim (the concept that has been negatively perceived) has an important function in maintaining and improving an interpersonal relationship in Korea. Lastly, the importance of mind reading within a certain cultural context is discussed.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2008

Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is the development method that published services are selected and composed at runtime to deliver the expected functionality to service clients. SOC should get maximum benefits not only supporting business agility but also reducing the development time. Services are selected and composed at runtime to improve the benefits. However, current programming language, SOC platforms, business process modeling language, and tools support either manual selection or static binding of published services. There is a limitation on reconfiguring and redeploying the business process to deliver the expected services to each client. Therefore, dynamic selection is needed for composing appropriate services to service clients in a quick and flexible manner. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Selection Handler (DSH) on ESB. we present a design method of Dynamic Selection Handler which consists of four components; Invocation Listener, Service Selector, Service Binder and Interface Transformer. We apply appropriate design patterns for each component to maximize reusability of components. Finally, we describe a case study that shows the feasibility of DSH on ESB.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.135-152
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• 2005

Prefrontal cortex is a psychological and metaphysical cortex, which deals with feeling, memory, planning, attention, personality, etc. And it also integrates above-mentioned events with motor control and locomotor activities. Prefrontal cortex works as a highest CNS center, since the above mentioned functions are very important for one's successful life, and further more they are upgraded every moments through memory and learning. Many of these highest functions are supposed to be generated via forebrain basal nuclei (caudate nucleus, fundus striati nucleus, accumbens septi nucleus, septal nucleus, etc.). In this experiment, prefrontal efferent terminals within basal forebrain nuclei were ultrastructurally studied. Spraque Dawley rats, weighing $250{\sim}300g$ each, were anesthetized and their heads were fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus (experimental model, David Kopf Co.). Rats were incised their scalp, perforated a 3mm-wide hole on the right side of skull at the 11mm anterior point from the frontal O point (Ref. 13, Fig. 1), suctioned out the prefrontal cortex including cortex of the frontal pole, with suction instrument. Two days following the operations, small tissue blocks of basal forebrain nuclei were punched out, fixed in 1% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehyde solution followed by 2% osmium tetroxide solutions. Ultrathin sections were stained with 1% borax-toluidin blue solution, and the stained sections were obserbed with an electron microscope. Degenerating axon terminals were found within all the basal forbrain nuclei. Numbers of degenerated terminals were largest in the caudate nucleus, next in order, in the fundus striati nucleus, in the accumbens septi nucleus, and the least in the septal nucleus. Only axospinous terminals were degenerated within the caudate nucleus and the fundus striati nucleus, and they showed the characters of striatal motor control system. Axodendritic and axospinous terminals were degenerated within the accumbens septi nucleus and the lateral septal nucleus, and they showed the characters of visceral limbic system. Prefrontal role in integrating the limbic system with the striatal system, en route basal forebrain nuclei, was discussed.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.192-201
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• 2005

For the past ten years, the goal of ubiquitous computing research has been the establishment of a new technology system with the aim 'Anytime, Anywhere, and Any form'. The needs for agent technology innovations such as ontology-based structure, ontology-based agent communication language, and multi-agents frameworks have been identified. This paper proposes a noble multi-agents architecture for ubiquitous systems. We suggest four major steps in the interaction between human and agents which enable ubiquitous agents to process by themselves to provide adaptive service to meet human's needs. First, we propose a semantic web technology to represent the association between information resources more explicitly Second, we construct a semantic ontology so that agents can recognize web contents.'Third, we propose a method to communicate between agents using OWL ontologies. Finally, we suggest a multi-agents structure based on the JADE of FIPA to analyze messages and get information. The semantic multi-agents framework proposed in this paper infers semantic situations using semantic web technology based on ontologies. A service provided is inferred differently according to user state because the multi-agents communicate by using OWL ontology language. Therefore, our system better infers context information than other without ontologies.