• Language and Information
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-82
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• 2002

This study explores the lexical-semantic structure of derived causative verbs in Korean based on Pustejovsky(1995)'s Generative Lexicon Theory (GL). Morphological causative verbs are derived from their root stems by affixing ‘-i, -hi, -li, -gi’ in Korean and the meanings of derived predicates are closely related to the meanings of their root verbs. In particular, the change of the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE by morphological derivation leads to the change of the EVENT STRUCTURE. The ARGUMENT STRUCTURES of derived causative verbs include a causer argument, which is added to the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE of their root verbs by means of the causative derivation. Their EVENT STRUCTURE has a headed process related to a causer and its result is the event which their root verbs denote. This approach can also suggest that the (in)directness of causative is dependent on is the semantics of its root verb.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.681-686
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• 2003

In this paper, we describes a system that extracts important sentences from Korean newspaper articles using automatic paragraphing. First, we detect repeated words between sentences. Through observation of the repeated words, this system compute Closeness Degree between Sentences(CDS ) from the degree of morphological agreement and the change of grammatical role. And then, it automatically divides a document into meaningful paragraphs using the number of paragraph defined by the user´s need. Finally. it selects one representative sentence from each paragraph and it generates summary using representative sentences. Though our system doesn´t utilize some features such as title, sentence position, rhetorical structure, etc., it is able to extract meaningful sentences to be included in the summary.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.33-36
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• 2000

어휘독립 고립단어인식은 미리 훈련된 부단어(sub-word) 단위의 음향모델을 이용하여 수시로 변하는 인식대상어휘를 인식하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 소용량 음성 데이터베이스를 이용하여 어휘독립음성인식 시스템을 구성하였다. 소용량 음성 데이터베이스에서 미관측문맥 종속형 부단어에 대한 처리에 효과적인 백오프 기법을 이용한 음소 군집화 방법으로 문턱값을 변화시키며 인식실험을 수행하였다. 그리고 훈련용 데이터의 부족으로 인하여 문맥 종속형 부단어 모델이 훈련용 데이터베이스로 편중되는 문제를 deleted interpolation 방법을 이용하여 문맥 종속형 부단어 모델과 문맥 독립형 부단어 모델을 병합함으로써 해결하였다. 그 결과 음성인식의 성능이 향상되었다.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.339-363
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• 2013

The age of acquisition effect is the phenomenon in which the words acquired early in life are processed better than the words acquired later in life. Age of acquisition and word frequency are critical factors in lexical processing. In this study we examined the age of acquisition effects in Hangul word recognition. In Experiment 1, we examined the AoA effects in word naming and lexical decision tasks. The results showed that there was an interaction between task and age of acquisition. The AoA effects appeared only in the lexical decision task. In Experiment 2, we examined the relationship between age of acquisition and word frequency in the lexical decision task. The results showed that the two variables were significant. The early-acquired words were processed better than the words acquired later, and the words with high frequency were processed better than the words with low frequency. However, there was no interaction between the two variables. In Experiment 3, we examined how phonological changes in Hangul words influence the AoA effects. The results show that the AoA effects were similar whether phonological changes occur or not. Our results are discussed in terms of several theoretical hypotheses.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.48-52
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• 1999

In this paper, we describe a Voice Command Web Browser using a variable vocabulary word recognizer that can do Internet surfing with Korean speech recognition on the Web. The feature of this browser is that it can handle the links and menus of the web browser by speech. Therefore, we can use speech interface together with mouse for web browsing. To recognize the recognition candidates dynamically changing according to Web pages, we use the variable vocabulary word recognizer. The recognizer was trained using POW (Phonetically Optimized Words) 3,848 words. So that it can recognize new words which did not exist in training data. The preliminary test results showed that the performance of speaker-independent and vocabulary-independent recognition is 93.8% for 32 Korean words. The Voice Command Web Browser was developed on windows 95/NT using Netscape Navigator and reflected usability test results in order to offer easy interface to users unfamiliar with speech interface. In on-line experiment of speaker-independent and environment-independent situation, Voice Command Web Browser showed recognition accuracy of 90%.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2004

The structure of sensibility from motion was developed for the purpose of understanding relationship between sensibilities and physical factors to apply it to dynamic visual display. Seventy adjectives were collected by assessing adequacy to express sensibilities from motion and reporting sensibilities recalled from dynamic displays with achromatic color. Various motion displays with a moving single dot were rated according to the degree of sensibility corresponding to each adjective, on the basis of the Semantic Differential (SD) method. The results of assessment were analyzed by means of the factor analysis to reduce 70 words into 19 fundamental sensibilities from motion. The Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) technique constructed the sensibility space in motion, in which 19 sensibilities were scattered with two dimensions, active-passive and bright-dark Motion types systemically varied in kinematic factors were placed on the two-dimensional space of motion sensibility, in order to analyze important variables affecting sensibility from motion. Patterns of placement indicate that speed and both of cycle and amplitude in trajectories tend to partially determine sensibility. Although color and motion affected sensibility according to the in dimensions, it seemed that combination of motion and color made each have dominant effect individually in a certain sensibility dimension, motion to active-passive and color to bright-dark.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.87-102
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to analyze vocabularies used the section of 'Living Earth' in 11-grade Earth science textbooks with the Science Word Analysis (SWA) program and to investigate the vocabularies selected by the 11th grade students as difficult ones. For the purpose, we extracted the Earth science vocabularies from six textbooks, and classified into the scientific and non-scientific vocabularies with SWA program based on the standard Korean language dictionary. Also, we investigated the difficulty of each vocabulary by using questionnaire to three hundred sixty students. From the results analyzed with the program, it was found that the frequency of the scientific vocabularies out of the level was the largest any other level in all textbooks. And from the survey, most of the vocabularies selected by students as difficult to understand were classified into out of the level. From these results, it were suggested that the students' cognitive level should be considered in developing science textbooks and difficult vocabularies should be replaced to easy ones within the limits of changeless in the meanings.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.525-547
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• 2015

This study analyzed the written texts of textbook and the teacher's discourse explaining 'the relationship between quadratic functions and quadratic equations' in the 9th grade high school mathematics class. Data consisted of the lecture recordings and the textbooks were analyzed based on the Halliday's systemic functional linguistics. According to the results, the written texts of the textbook used lexico-grammatical strategies such as generalization using hyponomy of meanings, mathematical objectification through nominalization and materialization of meaning through change in themes to compose mathematical concepts. The textbook generalized from an example in the description of formulating mathematical concepts, and in this process the organizational interactions of discourse-semantic level and lexico-grammartical level appeared. On the other hand, the teacher's doscourse appeared the change in transitivity and the addition of the reasons and the process. Also the teacher used explanation process of formulating the relationship between quadratic functions and quadratic equations. The linguistic characteristics of the teacher were linguistic implication and omission of lexemes due to contextual ommission. And there was no use of structural lexico-grammatical resources that influence the discourse-semantic level. This results provide a new framework for analyzing mathematical discourse, and suggest the lexico-grammatical strategies that can be used to explain mathematical concepts by teachers in math classrooms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2006

문자는 의사소통의 중요한 매개체 중 하나로 사람이 문자를 인식할 때, 글자의 크기나 모양, 위치, 글 자체 등의 매우 다양한 지각적인 변화에 의한 영향을 크게 받지 않는다. 이는 문자에 대한 처리가 다른 사물과는 다소 다르게 일어나며 머릿속에 추상적인 형태(abstract form)로 저장되어 있음을 의미한다. 이러한 처리과정은 시각단어재인 과정에서 어휘 지식에 접근하기 위한 중요한 단계로 여겨지면서 이와 관련된 대뇌 영역의 국재화 양상에 대한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한글 시각단어재인에 있어 Cohen과 Dehaene 등이 'visual word form area'주장하고 있는 좌측 ventral occipito-tempoarl region의 대뇌 활성화 양상을 살펴보았다. 실험 결과, 좌측 'VWFA'는 어휘의 친숙성에 우뇌의 대측 지점은 어휘성(lexicality)에 민감한 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.3-8
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• 1999

Previous variable vocabulary speech recognition systems with context-independent acoustic modeling, could not represent the effect of neighboring phonemes. To solve this problem, we use allophone-based context-dependent acoustic model. This paper describes the method to improve acoustic model of the system effectively. Acoustic model is improved by using allophone clustering technique that uses entropy as a similarity measure and the optimal allophone model is generated by changing the number of allophones. We evaluate performance of the improved system by using Phonetically Optimized Words(POW) DB and PC commands(PC) DB. As a result, the allophone model composed of six hundreds allophones improved the recognition rate by 13% from the original context independent model m POW test DB.