• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.111-131
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• 2014

This study aims to research the use of smart devices of infants and preschool children, and their mothers' perception about it. Moreover, the goal of this study is to collect preliminary data about problems from the use of smart devices, and to prevent the problems. Therefore, the questions of inquiry for this study are: 1. How do infants and preschool children use smart devices? 2. How do mothers perceive their children using smart devices? Four hundred and forty mothers, who send their child to a day-care center or kindergarten in Busan, participated in this research and data among 397 of them were analyzed using PASW 18.0 program. The answers to a multiple-choice question were converted into a frequency and percentage. To verify the difference of factors, Chi-squared Test and One-way Analysis of Variance methods were used. The following are findings of this study: 1. Most of the families owning smart devices allow their children to use a smart device when children want it, and children use it for entertainment purpose before their bedtime. Children start to use a smart device mostly around the age of 4. Compared to girls, boys spend a longer time on smart devices playing mobile game. In addition, the research indicated that the children of younger mothers tend to use smart devices in earlier ages than the children of elder mothers. 2. Mothers of preschool children have higher perception about the availability of their child using smart devices compare to the mothers of day-care center. However, the research showed that elder mothers have more positive perceptions about all the other five lower factors, (e.g. educational characteristic, entertainment characteristic, design, safety, and smart recognition).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.557-570
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• 2017

This study, as a secondary analysis research, bases its source upon on raw data from the on-line survey of the Korean adolescents' health behaviors in 2015. This study was conducted to clarify the relevance of Korean adolescents' smoking with their health behaviors and mental health, and thus further to provide basic sources of effective education for their smoking prevention and for program development. The results of the study showed that Korean adolescents' smoking was significantly affected by the adolescents' sex, grades, school achievements, types of schools, allowances, economic status, parents' educational background (p<0.001). Meanwhile, smoking based on the characteristics of health behaviors was significantly different according to alcohol consuming experience, families' and friends' smoking, physical activity and subjective health status, and BMI (p<0.001). Smoking characterized by mental health showed the significant difference in their stress recognition, subjective sleep patterns, depressed experiences, suicidal ideation, and subjective sense of happiness (p<0.001). Based on all the factors regarding youth smoking, there should be development and provision of educational program for smoking prevention and cessation, including healthy behavior and mental health improvement for Korean adolescent.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.151-177
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• 2013

The present study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-week parent education program based on Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC). 124 mothers were assigned to two groups, an intervention (n = 62) group and a waiting (n = 62) group. Mothers in the intervention group participated in the program. After termination of the preventive intervention, differences between pre- and post-tests were examined in maternal characteristics (i.e., depression and anger, maltreatment and general parenting behavior, and parenting efficacy and stress) and preschoolers' aggression. The results indicated that mothers in the intervention group had greater reductions in self-reported negative characteristics. Mothers in the waiting group also reported significant decreases in anger, physical assault and permissiveness/neglect. There was no significant reduction in levels of aggression in the preschoolers. These findings support the argument that a parent education program based on RPRC can be very effective, especially in changing maternal characteristics positively that are crucial to child outcomes.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.695-707
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate relationships among gifted students' perceived parental behavior of their parents, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence. The sample includes 91 6th-11th grade gifted students enrolled at a gifted program in a University. The surveys, administered in March, 2012, assess self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and the parental behavior of the parents of gifted students. Data were collected and analyzed by the researchers, using SPSS 18.0. The results are as follows: 1) Each of the 10 item's mean score is over 4.0, and the total mean scores on self-esteem is 4.36 out of 5 (SD=.546), showing positive responses. 2) The mean scores of two aspects of emotional intelligence were close to 4, showing positive perception. 3) The mean scores on perception of a father's and a mother's behavior are at 3.89 and 4.10, respectively; the three factors of perception among fathers (care, trust, and respect) are close to 4.0, while care (3.57) was somewhat low; the perception among mothers is at 4.31 (care), 4.20 (lesson), 4.01 (respect), and 3.96 (trust), showing statistical differences between fathers and mothers. 4) The correlation existed between self-esteem and emotional intelligence, between self-esteem and the four aspects of parental behavior, and between emotional intelligence and parental behavior. 5) Regression analyses showed that respect (${\beta}$=.422, p<.001) among fathers, and trust (${\beta}$=.450, p<.001) among mothers affected students' self-esteem; lessons (${\beta}$=.414, p<.001) and trust (${\beta}$=.280, p<.01) among fathers and lessons (${\beta}$=.450, p<.001) and respect (${\beta}$=.331, p<.01) among mothers affected students' emotional intelligence. The implication of this study, limitation, and future study ideas are suggested at the end of this paper.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.104-113
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a prenatal parental role education program. Methods: The participants were healthy primiparous women and their healthy newborn babies. 57 mother-infant diads(27 in the intervention group, 30 in the control group). For the intervention group, an additional 4 prenatal parental role education programs and 2 postnatal telephone calls(1st & 3rd week after birth) were provided. Data were analyzed by frequency, chi-square test, t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS PC+ 10.0 program. Results: Significant differences were found in self-confidence in maternal role performance, mother-infant interaction and infant physical growth between the two groups. This result indicate that the intervention program was effective in improving self-confidence in maternal role performance, mother-infant interaction and in facilitating infant physical growth. Conclusions: The prenatal parental role education program developed by the author was a very effective program in promoting maternal self-confidence, mother-infant interaction, and fostering infant's physical growth at 4 weeks after infant's birth.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.253-256
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• 2007

Dialogic reading program is designed to involve children actively during shared reading and to provide a rich avenue for language development. The present study is to examine the effects of the modified dialogic reading program on parent-child interactions in parents of children with developmental language delays. six children with developmental language delays and their parents were participated. This 4 week program was composed of three group sessions and one individual feedback session. Parent-child interactions were videotaped before and after the program. As a result, all six parents showed increase in positive behaviors during the interaction after completing the program. And negative behaviors were partly decreased. These results were discussed in conclusions.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.349-359
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of Gordon's Parent Effectiveness Training on maternal attitude and communication skill. the subjects were 56 mothers from a kindergarten in Seoul. 30 mothers were assigned to the control group and 26 mothers to the experimental group. Pre and post measures on the two dependent variables using Hereford's Parent Attitude Survey and Umstot's Sensitivity To Children Questionaire were administered to the subjects on the first and last of the 8 week pp.E.T. course. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using t-test and paried t-test. The result showed no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups in changing the mothers' attitude. But significant differences in communication skill were found.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2012

This study has developed on Virtues Project program, which enhances parent communication abilities. The purpose of this study is to verify the improvement on parent communication skills after taking a program. To obtain effective children educational direction, we have offered assistance to the parents that understanding the importance of the parental instruction, improvement of the relationship between parents and children. To enhance the parent communication ability, this program is consisted of five virtue strategies, structured activity programs and various self-examination for attending parents to the program rather than listening the lecture. This program is consists of six session with two hours each session for six weeks. I have studied 26 subjects and they were divided into experiment group and control group. According to this study, this program works on improving parent communication skills. Namely, experiment group showed significant enhancement of communication abilities compared to that of control group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.454-461
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of domestic safety accidents involving children and to verify the difference of safety knowledge according to variables of parents. Subjects include 226 parents who have 3-5 year old infants enrolled in kindergartens and day care centers in I-city, Jeollabuk-do. The study tools are modified and complemented questionnaire for the study purpose referred to the preceding research data and the literature. For the processing of collected data, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and the Duncan post-test were utilized using the SPSS program. The results of this study are as follows: First, safety accidents occurred at the majority of homes which have infant children. On average, the occurrence frequency was 1.78 times per six months. The accidents involving infants occurred in the order of drop or slip, crash or impact, stricture or jamming, fall, stab or cut, burn, swallow or inhalation. Second, both parents had an average level of safety knowledge. There was a distinction in the areas of 'fall' and 'first aid' according the mother's age. In addition, stay-at-home mothers had the higher level of safety knowledge compared with working mothers in the areas of 'general safety knowledge' and 'fire'. There was a distinction in the area of 'fire' according to the father's age. Given these findings, safety training programs for parents to improve safety knowledge needs to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.1 s.39
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• pp.1-16
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the adolescent's perception of marital conflict and the parents-children communication. The subjects of this study were 480 adolescents from 3 middle school in Seoul and Gyung Ki-Do. The main results are as follows; First, Marital conflict, perceived by adolescent is not generally high level and the disposal utility factor by adolescent form is higher compare with other numerical index , the contents by adolescent is perceived lower compare with numerical index. Second, the students are mostly having open communications with their parents, but usually more open communications with their mothers. Third, perceiving marital conflict by the adolescent and communication between parents-adolescent is the less the students are conscious of parents conflict, the more the students have open communication with their parents. The higher Being conscious of marital conflict, the more the students have trouble communication with their parents.