• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among mother's depression, parenting behavior of children's problem behavior. The subjects used in this study were 203 three to five-year-old children who attended kindergarten and deycare center in Seoul and Gyonggido. The research data were collected through the 'Beck Depression Inventory(BDI)', 'Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI)', 'K-CBCL'. The data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation and Stepwise Multi-Regression. The results of this study indicate that there were significant positive correlations among children's problem behavior, mother's depression, rejective and control parenting behavior. And there were significant negative correlations among children's problem behavior, mother's affectionate and permissive parenting behavior. Also, the mother's depression was the predicted variable that has the most significant relative effect on children's problem behavior. Moreover, the results of this study indicate that rejective parenting behavior that is subordinate factor of parenting behavior was additional predictor of stress.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.579-594
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the associations between care strain and depression among mothers of child with developmental disability and to verify the moderating effect of resilience in the relationship between these two variables. The participants was 200 mothers of children with developmental disabilities using programs related to developmental disability of 15 community welfare centers in Gyeonggi province. Major findings are as follows. First, 15% of mothers of child with developmental disabilities were depression risk group. Second, mother's strain were associated with depression and the resilience moderated the relationship between care strain and depression. Based on these findings, it is suggested that policy makers and practitioners should expand intervention program not only for alleviating care strain but also improving mother's resilience to prevent depression of mothers with children developmental disabilities.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.113-134
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal post-natal depression on children's communication competence, maternal self-efficacy and parenting style. The data on 1,438 pairs of children and their mothers were provided by The Korean Children Panel Study (KCPS). Mothers were assessed by K6(Kessler et al., 2002), The Pearlin Self Efficacy Scale(Pearlin et al., 1981), and The Parental Style Questionnaire(Bornstein, et al., 1996). Children's communication competence was assessed by K-ASQ. The collected data were analyzed with t-test and path analysis. The major results of this study were as follows : (1) Post-natal maternal depression was not directly associated with the children's communication competence. (2) Post-natal maternal depression indirectly influenced the children's communication competence via maternal self-efficacy and the parenting style. The results of this study suggest that post-natal depression within 1 year will not have an effect on the children's communication competence directly, but will indirectly influence it through maternal self-efficacy and the parenting style when the children are 2 years old.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.218-228
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• 2003

Objectives：This study investigated the relationship among child's behavior problems, maternal depression, and parenting stress in children with psychiatric diagnoses and their mothers, and the effect of these variables to the mothers' parenting stress. Methods：Seventy-three children(31 externalizing, 24 internalizing, 18 mixed) and their mothers were involved in this study. The mothers of three groups completed MMPI, KPI-C(Korean Personality Inventory for Children), and PSI(Parenting Stress Index). To investigate the relationships among each variables, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis were performed. Results：There was no significant difference in maternal depression among three groups of children. In 2-Way ANOVA, main effect of maternal depression was statistically significant on depression, parent health, and relationship with spouse subfactor in parent domain, parent domain total, and overall parenting stress. But the main effect of child group was statistically significant on distractability/hyperactivity subfactor in child domain only. In regression analysis, maternal depression explained the parent domain of parenting stress most effectively, and child's hyperactivity and anxiety explained the child domain of parenting stress significantly. Conclusion：These findings suggest that it is important to intervene maternal depression to reduce the parenting stress, along with the treatment of the child's behavior problems.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.343-351
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating effects of mothers' depression on the relationships of marital conflict and young children's problem behaviors. Data was collected from 177 young children and their mothers. The results of this study revealed that young children's problem behaviors were significantly positively correlated with mothers' marital conflict and depression. Mothers' marital conflict were also significantly positively correlated with hyperactivity, anxious and aggressive behaviors. Mothers' depression was significantly positively correlated with hyperactivity, anxious and aggressive behaviors. Regression analysis revealed that marital conflict significantly affected their depression. Mothers' depression also significantly affected young children's hyperactivity, anxious and aggressive behaviors. The relationship between marital conflict and young children's problem behaviors was fully mediated by mothers' depression.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.338-348
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• 2020

This study examined the longitudinal relationship between paternal depressive symptoms and maternal depressive symptoms simultaneously. This study also identified the interplay of paternal and maternal depressive symptoms for predicting elementary children's language development, their problem behaviors and their school adjustment. Using the data from the Panel Study on Korean Children for the 4th-8th years (2011~2015 year), this study used the Latent Growth Curve Model, which is helpful for examining longitudinal relationship differences among variables. The sample subjects were 1,754 parents and children. The results are as follows. The initial level of paternal depressive symptoms had a positive impact on the rate of change in maternal depressive symptoms. The initial level of maternal depressive symptoms had a negative impact on the rate of change in maternal depressive symptoms. Mothers' depressive symptoms showed not only the mothers' own depression problem. but also the self-effect and counterpart effect of depression on the fathers' depression problem. The rate of change in maternal depressive symptom mediated the relation between the initial level of parental depressive symptoms and children's receptive language, internalizing/externalizing problems, and school adjustment. Therefore, depression prevention and intervention programs for both fathers and mothers are needed for the healthy development and school adaptation of school-age children.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between elementary and middle school students’ depression and their mothers’ parenting stress. The subject were 659 elementary and middle school students and their mothers. In the study, elementary and middle school students depression appeared significant difference to their sex/grade. Parenting stress related to learning expectation appeared significant difference to elementary and middle school students’ sex/grade. Elementary and middle school students depression appeared significant difference to Parenting stress. And as for correlating parenting stress to elementary and middle school students’ depression, the significance appeared in these factors.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore relationships of postpartum depression with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of preterm infants and mothers. Methods: Participants were the mothers of 80 premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Clinical characteristics were examined through the medical records. The physiological state for the infants was evaluated using the revised Neurobiologic Risk Score (NBRS). Data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Average for EPDS was $9.75{\pm}5.06$, and 30% of the participants were at high risk for postpartum depression. There were significant differences in postpartum depression according to mother's education level (F=3.493, p=.035), economic state (F=5.828, p=.004), multiple pregnancy (t=2.141, p=.037), chorioamnionitis (t=2.349, p=.021), oligohydramnios (t=-2.226, p=.029), broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (t=2.085, p=.040), germinal matrix hemorrhage (t=2.259, p=.027), and revised NBRS (t=-2.772, p=.007). There was a significant positive correlation between postpartum depression and number of health problem of infants (r=.252, p=.024) and revised NBRS (r=.316, p=.004). Conclusion: As 30% of the mothers with preterm infants were at high risk for postpartum depression, they require attention. When providing interventions, socioeconomic status as well as the physiological state of premature infants should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.211-218
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of the study was to evaluate the related factors of depression in mothers bringing their offspring for evaluation or treatment of problematic behaviors. Methods : Fifty mothers were recruited through their offspring's evaluation or treatment for offspring's problematic behaviors. Psychological tests battery including Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Korean Educational Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children was administered to all mothers and their offspring. Mothers completed Korean version of Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), and teachers completed Teacher's Report Form (TRF). On the basis of the maternal depression, the mothers were divided into two groups. Results : 1) Among the fifty mothers, $42\%$ of the mothers had depressive disorder, $16\%$ had anxiety disorder, and $42\%$ had no psychiatric disorder. 2) Depressed mothers rated significantly higher in aggressive behaviors, externalizing problems of K-CBCL in their children. 3) Children of depressed mothers had lower score in picture arrangement and coding subtests of KEDI-WISC than those of no psychiatric disorder mothers. 4) After controlling for the total problematic behavior scores of TRF, mother's depression is positively correlated with aggressive behaviors, externalizing problems, total problematic behaviors of K-CBCL, and negatively correlated with coding of KEDI-WISC. Conclusion : Children's aggressive behavior, externalizing behavior, total problematic behaviors and low coding score may be associated with mother's depression.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to identify the relationships between the depression, parenting-stress and self-esteem. Methods: The participants were 100 mothers of children with disabilities lving in G city. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation Coefficients with SPSS/PC+ 21.0. Results: There was a significant relationship between depression and parenting stress (p<.001). Depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem (p<.001). Variables affecting depression were parenting-stress, self-esteem and family income. The three factors accounted for 38.7% of the depression. Conclusion: The results of the study show that parenting-stress and selfe-steem are the most significant factors affecting depression. There is an urgent need to develop nursing interventions to reduce levels of depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to help them lead a healthier life.