• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

Pig slurry has been considered as environmental waste to be treated in an appropriate manner. Recently, there has been the movement toward reusing the pig slurry as an alternative fertilizer sources for agricultural lands. For instance, SCB(Slurry Composting & Biofiltration) liquid fertilizer has been developed and widely used in Korea. However, the impacts of swine slurry liquid fertilizers on both agricultural environment and crop yield have not been investigated yet. Therefore, the current study was conducted to accumulate the basic data which can be subsequently used to determine appropriate application amount of swine slurry liquid fertilizers (SCB liquid fertilizer and storage liquid fertilizer) as well as the application method for each liquid fertilizer. For this, growth of rice was cultivated under the treatment of SCB liquid fertilizer, storage liquid fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer. Also, control treatment (no fertilizer) was included for comparison and all treatments were conducted in five replication. Rice growth was good with the treatment in the order of chemical fertilizer>storage liquid fertilizer>SCB liquid fertilizer>control and likewise, the yield amount of rice straw was in the same order of rice growth. The rice yield amount appeared to be no difference among the treatment except control which showed the least yield amount. Also there was no difference in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in rice among the treatment except control which showed the least concentration.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.683-689
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• 2012

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of installation spacing of subsurface drip irrigation pipe on the mineral content, nutrient uptake, yield of lettuce, water requirement for irrigation, and soil chemical properties in greenhouse cultivation. Semi-forcing and retarding culture were implemented in this experiment, with four treatments containing overhead spray irrigation and three subsurface irrigation lateral spacing intervals of 30, 40, 50 cm at a depth of 30 cm from soil surface, respectively. Each mineral content of lettuce grown under subirrigation system did not show significant difference between treatments, however the uptake of nutrients was lower at 50 cm-distance. The yield was largest in 30 cm-subirrigation (SI), followed by 40 cm-SI, overhead spray, and 50 cm-treatment. Water requirement for irrigation was highest in overhead spray, and it was in reverse proportion to the distance of irrigation pipes. $NO_3$-N content in the soil, at a depth of 10 cm, showed a higher value in 50 cm-SI, followed by 40 cm-SI, overhead spray and 30 cm-SI. Exchangeable K content was highest in 50 cm-SI, Mg was highest in 40 cm-SI, and Ca was lowest in 30 cm-SI. In conclusion, the lettuce yield was not different between 30 and 40 cm-SI, but water requirement for irrigation was lower as the distance of irrigation pipes was further. And it seems to be needed more precise research on this theme, because crop yield and the dynamics of soil minerals in subsurface irrigation can vary with the depth and distance of irrigation pipes, dripper, water flow depending on the soil texture, and plant response to soil minerals.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2017

Yield of potato is largely influenced by drought stress. This study was conducted in Gangneung and Cheongju during the spring cropping of potato. Potatoes in the Gangneung area were affected by drought but there was no damage due to drought in Cheongju. During the early-growth stage, the contents of inorganic components like available phosphate and growth characteristics of the potato leaf in Cheongju were significantly higher than those in Gangneung but there was no difference after the flowering stage. It was considered that the potato plants cultivated in Cheongju could vigorously grow than that of Gangneung under drought stress. In addition, the content of calcium (Ca), which is a secondary messenger related to aging, was found to be higher in potato plants grown in Cheongju than in Gangneung and accumulated more quickly in potato plants of Cheongju. Because magnesium (Mg) was also found to be higher in potato plants from Gangneung by a wide margin, this phenomenon was thought be related with drought stress. The amounts of all inorganic components absorbed from soil were higher in Cheongju than in Gangneung, showing a relatively higher plant biomass in Cheongju. Correlations of development indexes related to leaf showed less or no relation in Gangneung. According to yield characteristics of the harvest stage, although yield was greatly reduced under drought stress condition, the rate of commercial yield was not significantly affected under the drought stress condition. Consequently, it was considered that these responses to drought stress could be utilized to stabilize potato production under the stressful conditions associated with abnormal climate.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2005

It is very important to make shorter and healthier pot plants with increased numbers of branch at a growing stage before short-day exposure. Especially light and nutrient conditions directly affect the growth and quality of the plants as described above. In this study, the effects of nutrient strength and light intensity on the nutrient uptake and growth of young Kalanchoe plants (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana 'Marlene') during this growth stage were investigated. The plants were grown under two radiation integral (15.8 and 7.9 $mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, PPF) and three EC (0.8, 1.6 and 2.4 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$) conditions. Leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight and number of branch were higher at a higher PPF, and this tendency was more evident at an EC above 1.6$dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The plants became higher at a lower PPF. When the EC was at 0.8 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, the plants did not grow so healthy regardless of PPF conditions. EC decrement in the nutrient solution was increased with increase of nutrient strength. With growth stage, the nutrient uptake was increased with increases of nutrient strength and PPF. At a higher PPF, $NO_3-N,\;K^{+}\;and\;Ca^{2+}$ were much more absorbed, and especially the uptake of $K^{+}$ was 1.1 to 1.5 times greater than that or $NO_3-N$. From the results, the EC needed above 1.6 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ during the seedling stage in order to make more healthy Kalanchoe plants having more leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight and number of branches under adequate light conditions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1972

For the increase of productivity, canopy structure and nutritional status in various productivity grades (high>700, medium>600 and low>500kg/l0a as head rice) were investigated in a study using Jinheung(Oryza sativa L.) for the increase of producticity with following results: 1. High yield plot showed greater leaf area and slow decrease of it after heading stage. While low yield plot had rapidly decrease of leaf area. 2. High yield plot showed higher light transmission ratio (LTR) durnig early grow stage, low LTR. during late grow stage, and higher leaf area per LTR. 3. Net assimilation ratio was decrease with the increase of leaf area index (LAI) and it was always higher in high yield plot. 4. High yield plant had greater amount of total nitrogen uptake, slow uptake rate, and considerable uptake after heading while low yield plant showed higher uptake of nitrogen in early stage of growth and no uptake after heading. 5. The percent ratio starch at heading to total at harvesting was 40% for low yield plant and 10% for highyield plant inderting that high yield depends much on past-heading starch synthesis. 6. Main factor determining secondary yield was ripened grain ratio.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1983

This experiment was conducted to study about influenced inorganic element contents of flag leaf and chaff with different nitrogen and silicate application in Jinan (sea level 303m). The recommended rate of fertilizer application above N 15kg/10a was poor for dry production increment in cold in July elevation and was demanded increment of silicate. In the elevation of cold in July high rates of nitrogen application produced more incomplete grain and a reduced cold tolerance. These effects were due to over-content of soluble nitrogen within flag leaf and disturbance of uptaking potassium and silicate. On the other hand, the application of silicate could increase yield by promoting resistance to cold- damage. The application of increasing level of nitrogen resulted in increasing the contents of total nitrogen and phosphate in both sterile and fertile glumes. The contents of potassium and calcium were the highest at the level of nitrogen 10 - 15kg/10a, but magnessium was rather high at low nitrogen levels. It is interesting that at any level of nitrogen, over 6% higher silicate contents were noted in the fertile chaff than in the sterile chaff. Application of increasing level of silicate fertilizer decreased total nitrogen contents, but increased the contents of phosphate, potassium. and silicate in the chaff. Increasing rate of silicate content by increasing silicate addition was remarkably higher in the fertile chaff than in the sterile chaff.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.218-223
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• 1984

In order to analyze the effects of percolation rate on the growth and yield of rice plants in paddy soils, pot (1a/2000) experiments were carried out. The soil used was highly concentrated with various salts in the horticulture area under vinyl house cultivation, and Samgang variety of Japanica rice was planted. With the increasing rates of percolation, $SiO_2$ and $Ca^{2+}$ were more leached out from soils than supplied by irrigation while $K^+$ and $NH_4{^+}$ were more supplied to soils than leached out. The root activity in the late growth stage was higher in the percolation pots than in the non-percolation pots. Amounts of nutrient uptake of T-N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$ and MgO were increased gradually with the increase of percolation rate, but that of $SiO_2$ was maximum at 10mm per day. The percolation rate of 5~10mm per day was considered to be the optimum condition for obtaining more than 95% of relative yield in rice cultivation.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2004

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on aboveground biomass and distribution of nutrient content in tree components were determined in adjacent 41-year-old plantations of Pinus rigida Miller and Larix kaempferi Gordon on a similar soil in Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi Province. Fertilizer was experimentally applied at the three levels [control(C), 200 N kg/ha+25 P kg/ha(LNP), and 400 N kg/ha+50 P kg/ha(HNP)] in June, 1996. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows: Total aboveground biomass of P. rigida and L. kaempferi stands was 149, 145ton/ha for control, 166, 149ton/ha for LNP, and 152, 170ton/ha for HNP, respectively, and did not differ between the tree species. Aboveground biomass of P. rigida and L. kaempferi plantations were distributed as follows: stemwood>branch>stembark>foliage. Biomass of understory vegetation was 1,111kg/ha for P. rigida and 907kg/ha for L. kaempferi, and comprised 0.6～0.7% of the total aboveground biomass of the plantations. The concentrations of all nutrients(N, P, K, Ca, Mg) were generally higher in L. kaempferi than in P. rigida because of high nutrient uptake characteristics of Larix spp. Nutrient concentrations in tree components of P. rigida and L. kaempferi plantations were not significantly different among treatments, whereas they were significantly different between species and among tree components. The nutrient concentration in tree components of both tree species decreased in order of foliage>branch>stembark>stemwood. The contents of all nutrients were higher in the fertilized plots than in the control plots, generally the highest in LNP for P. rigida and in HNP for L. kaempferi. Total nutrient(N+P+K+Ca+Mg) contents of aboveground biomass were 703kg/ha for P. rigida and 869kg/ha for L. kaempferi, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.12
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• pp.25-29
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• 1972

This experiment was carried out to investigate the role of Silicon accumlated in rice plant under different conditions of light and humidity, using radioisotopes Ca-45, Mn-54, and P-32. This results obtained in are as follows; 1. Light effect is more severe in phosphate uptake by rice plant than is calcium. Amounts of phosphate uptake in light condition is six times more than in dark conditions, while that of calcium is double. 2. Change of relative humidity affects calcium absorption and transport from root to shoot. It seems not to be influenced in phosphate and manganese uptake by relative humidity. 3. More uptake of each element Ca-45, P-32, or Mn-54 was found in the rice plant applied with silicic acid. It is considered that there must be some relationship between silicon content and ion uptake in rice plant. 4. The transport ratio of nutrient from root to shoot shows a specific pattern that calcium is approximately 1.0 manganese 0.5 and phosphate 0.2 respectively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.253-263
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• 2002

To test for the effect of applied fertilizer and nutrients on uptake and transport for paddy rice, two paddy field trials were conducted with Dongjinbyeo in degenerated salt paddy field of Jeonbuk series from 1999 to 2000. After experiment, soil acidity, content of organic matter phosphate, silicate, potassium, calcium, and total nitrogen was increased by application of fresh cattle manure(FCM). Content of Nitrogen in soil layer leached inorganic nitrogen $NO_3$ was higher that that of $NH_4$ and was high in treatment of FCM. Content of $PO_4$ was higher in FCM than other treatments. But content of potassium was in high control. During the growth of rice plant, the amount of water consumption was 477mm. The amount of supplied nitrogen was high in treatment of no nitrogen(NN), 20% reduced application of LCU(LCU-20%), and no fertilizer. In case of phosphate, the supplied amount was more than the consumed amount with the exception of treatment "no phosphate(NP) and no fertilizer(NF)". In case of potassium, the consumed amount was more than the supplied amount in all treatments. The amount of applied nitrogen in the nutrient infiltrated water was high in treatment soil test(ST), C+FCM+Si(Silicate) and the ratio of recovered nitrogen was high in 20% reduced application of LCU. The amount of applied phosphate in the nutrient infiltrated water was high in FCM and that of applied potassium was high in 20% reduced application of LCU. Nitrogen use efficiency of paddy rice was high in 20% reduced application of LCU and use efficiency of phosphate and potassium was high in C+Si(Silicate). Grain yield of rice was high in order of 20% reduced application of LCU>C+Si=C+FCM+Si>C+FCM.