• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 2013

The City Complex Development and TOD originated from the Compact City are entrenched domestically. The New Urban Development such as these changes Structure of Urban space from the Automobile to the Public Transportation. Also, Transit-Oriented Development is drawing attention as sustainability because it has effects of Environment as Green growth. However, An empirical Study is insufficient about Influence Factors of Transit Oriented Development. Therefore This study sets up the Density spaced 1000m apart of Transit Oriented than the existing and did 7 Types considered of Accessibility, Complexity and Design Element according to the Factorial analysis. As a result, this study drew that (1) 'intraregional accessibility of public transit', (2) 'degree of development', 'pedestrian-friendly facility', (3) 'interzonal accessibility of public transit', (4) 'land-use of the city centre', 'complex using of rail station area', 'complementary public transit' are related 201 in number of the Subway stations according to the Multi-dimensional scaling.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.77-100
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• 2022

In the era of low growth, many provincial cities are experiencing population decline and aging. Population decline phenomena such as reduction of productive manpower, reduction of finances, deterioration of quality of life, and collapse of the community base are occurring in a chain and are being pushed to the brink of extinction of the cities. This study aims to propose a methodology to objectively estimate the employment creation centers and setting the basic unit of industrial-centered zoning by applying spatial statistical techniques and GIS for the application of the compact city plan as an efficient spatial management policy in a city with a declining population. In details, based on reviewing previous studies on compact city, 'employment complex index(ECI)' were defined considering the number of workers, the number of settlers, and the area of development land, the employment creation center was estimated by applying the 'Local Moran's I' and 'Getis-Ord's Hot-Spot Analysis'. As a case study, changes in the four years of 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 were compared and analyzed for Changwon City. As a result, it was confirmed that the employment creation center is becoming compacted and polycentric, which is a significant result that reflects the actual situation well. This results provide the basic data for functional and institutional territorial governance for the regional revitalization platform, and provide meaningful information necessary for spatial policy decision-making, such as population reduction, regional gross domestic product, and public facility arrangement that can respond to energy savings, transportation plans, and medical and health plans.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.307-318
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• 2016

This research examines the impacts of urban population growth on per capita $CO_2$ emissions with particular focus on the interaction effect between urbanization and income levels. Employing the Panel Fixed Effects model together with the Pooled LS and Panel GLS models, the research reported here analyzes the relevant data on 84 countries. The statistical results show a nonlinear(an inverted-U) relationship between urbanization and per capita $CO_2$ emissions; that is, while the urban agglomeration leads to increases in per capita $CO_2$ emissions for low income countries, this adverse impact does not hold true for high income countries. The research findings can contribute to addressing broad issues of urban compactness and patterns of energy consumption that should be considered by those concerned about the sustainable urban development.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2011

최근 세계적인 지진의 발생과 함께 구조물의 내진성능 평가 및 증진 방법에 대하여 많은 연구가 진행 되고 있다. 특히 교량 구조물의 교각의 경우에는 상부구조의 고정하중 및 활하중을 지반에 전달하여 주는 역할을 하기 때문에, 역으로 지진이 발생하였을 경우 교각의 내진성능에 따라서 교량의 안전도에 많은 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 또한 산악지역이 국토의 70%이상을 차지하는 우리나라의 지형적인 특성상 고교각을 이용한 장대교량의 건설이 필요하며 도시지역의 교통량 증가로 인한 도시고속도로의 건설 등 고가교의 필요성이 점차 증가하고 있다. 그러나 CFT(Concrete Filled Tube)부재의 경우에는 콘크리트가 3축 구속 상태로 존재하지만 자중이 크며 내진 성능이 떨어지는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 CFT부재의 단면을 중공으로 만듦으로써 부재를 경량화하고 내부 튜브를 삽입하여 내부를 구속 시킨 내부 구속 중공 CFT 부재(Internally Confined Hollow CFT Member, ICH CFT)가 개발되었다. 이는 콘크리트가 내 외부 튜브에 의하여 구속되어 3축 구속 상태로 존재함으로써 콘크리트 중공부로의 취성파괴를 방지하여 연성도 및 강도를 향상시켜주며, 단면의 감소로 인해 재료비를 절감 할 뿐 아니라 자중 감소로 인해 내진 설계에도 유리하다. 현재 내부 구속 중공 CFT 부재에 대한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있지만, 튜브를 삽입함으로써 부재의 중공부로 발생하는 구속력의 특성을 해석적으로 정립한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 압축을 받는 중공 CFT 부재에 내부 튜브를 삽입함으로써 발생하는 콘크리트의 구속력을 해석적 연구를 통하여 수행하였으며, 구속력을 파악하기 위한 평가 방법으로는 구속 콘크리트의 중공비와 직경, 외부튜브의 두께, 내부튜브의 두께 등으로 평가하였다. 해석적 연구 결과, 내부 튜브를 삽입함으로써 발생되는 외부 구속력은 이론적 수식에 의한 구속 응력값과 비슷한 값을 가지지만 내부로 발생하는 구속력은 이론적 수식에 의한 구속 응력값에 도달하지 못하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.7 s.93
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• pp.15-25
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• 2006

This study was to investigate the impact of region-wide travel pattern on local fiscal capacity in the Seoul metropolitan area. The study adopted both factor analysis and regression modeling for it, while using fiscal-and travel-related variables as well as urban characteristics determining travel patterns. We used the former method to compress independent variables of travel and urban characteristics because of strong correlationship between them. Four factors identified by the analysis output were adopted in regression models with some dependent variables representing local fiscal capacity. Their results resulting from both analyses showed that local fiscal inequality within the metropolitan area is driven by region-wide travel Patterns such as total trips. inner trip ratio, and the ratio of trips from and to the Seoul city.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.145-151
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 울산 삼산지역의 도시 개발로 인하여 다량 발생되고 있는 건설잔토의 유효이용을 목적으로 대상토에 생석회와 화학 첨가제를 혼합하여 안정처리를 할 경우 보조기층 및 노상용 재료로써의 사용 가능성을 평가하였다. 1가 이온($Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$)가 2가 이온(Ca$^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$), 염화물(Cl)과 황산염(So$_4$)으로 구성된 화학 첨가제의 첨가에 따른 일축압축강도를 비교한 결과, 1가 이온의 첨가시 장기강도 발현이 우수한 것으로 나타났고, 염화물(Cl)은 첨가시 강도 발현이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 건설잔토에 생석회와 CaCl$_2$를 첨가하면, 생석회로 처리된 시료에 비해 2배~4배의 강도가 증가되어 생석회 안정화에 대한 효과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 원시료토에 생석회, 생석회와 화학 첨가제로 안정처리하여 도로의 보조기층재료나 노상용 재료로의 사용여부를 평가한 결과, 생석회와 CaCl$_2$로 안정처리한 경우만이 시방기준 CBR 10%이상, 소성지수 10%이하를 만족시켜 노상용 재료로서의 사용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.3-8
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• 2011

Recently, the demand for enterprise for service map providing and portal site services of a 3D virtual city model for public users has been expanding. Also, accuracy of the data, transfer rate and the update for the update for the lapse of time emerge are considered as more impertant factors, by providing 3D information with the web or mobile devices. With the latest technology, we have seen various 3D data through the web. With the VRML progressing actively, because it can provide a virtual display of the world and all aspects of interaction with web. It offers installation of simple plug-in without extra cost on the web. LiDAR system can obtain spatial data easily and accurately, as supprted by numerous researches and applications. However, in general, LiDAR data is obtained in the form of an irregular point cloud. So, in case of using data without converting, high processor is needed for presenting 2D forms from point data composed of 3D data and the data increase. This study expresses urban LiDAR data in 3D, 2D raster data that was applied by compressing algorithm that was used for solving the problems of large storage space and processing. For expressing 3D, algorithm that converts compressed LiDAR data into code Suited to VRML was made. Finally, urban area was expressed in 3D with expressing ground and feature separately.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2020

Housing issues such as mushrooming slums remain as chronic in most developing countries. Due to the state's restrained capacity, the housing-vulnerable's self-help approaches have been increasingly inevitable and vital for addressing the housing issues. However, there are still two challenges: securing good quality with economic efficiency, and climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study aims at doing an architectural experiment by developing and educating the production of eco-friendly interlocking stabilized soil bricks (ISSB) by employing vernacular materials and technologies for housing-vulnerable communities in Indonesia. In collaboration with a local architectural NGO, the study features a co-creation workshop in which 40 evicted households participate in the whole process. Soil analysis, mixed design, compression tests, and economic analysis are carried out. This paper illustrates that ISSB also has a high potential as an alternative to a burned brick or a cement block. The application of ISSB to self-help housing is expected to have socioeconomic and environmental effects, thereby facilitating the housing-vulnerable's self-help approaches and contributing to addressing the housing challenges in Indonesia.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.2491-2502
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to find out the main fields and methods to create a low carbon green city. Through the findings, we hope to figure out the matters that must be focused on in order to realize a low carbon green city. In order to accomplish this, we organized the main fields and methods of fulfilling this accomplishment by taking a look at recorded documents and past studies related to the creation of low carbon green cities and related concepts. Then a FGI analysis was performed in order to examine suitability and deduct a planning technique. Also, through professional surveys and AHP analysis, we figured out the importance of planning techniques to understand the main characteristics of planning a low carbon green city. We also selected domestic and foreign cases, analysed the actual conditions of applying the deducted planning techniques, and compared the importance of planning techniques in order to see the difference between our plans and real results. 15 planning techniques were deducted and divided into 5 groups. The importance analysis and case analysis showed the following to be the main elements in planning the creation of a low carbon green city: compact high-density development, a traffic system revolving around pedestrians, active utilization of new and renewable energy, and establishment of a recycling system for waste.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop a series of trend analysis models for industrial water consumption and to propose a blueprint for the integration of the developed models with GIS. For the consumption data acquisition, a real-time sensing technique was adopted. Data were transformed from the field equipments to the management server in every 5 minutes. The data acquired were substituted to a polynomial formula selected. As a result, a series of models were developed for the consumption of each day. A series of validation processes were applied to the developed models and the models were finalized. Then the finalized models were transformed to the average models representing a day's average consumption or an average daily consumption of each month. Demand pattern analyses were fulfilled through the visualization of the finally derived models. It has founded out that the demand patterns show great consistency and, therefore, it is concluded that high probability of demand forecasting for a day or for a season is available. Also proposed is the integration with GIS as an IT tool by which the developed forecasting models are utilized.