• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1996

A hairy root clone of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, HRB-15 was cultured iu various conditions with 3 L bubble type bioreactor to enhance both growth and ginsenoside production. The hairy roots were more rapidly grown under the dark condition than under the light condition. However, total amount of ginsenoside of hairy roots cultured under the light for 30 days increased 2 folds as compared with the dark condition and was 1.10% based on 6 ginsenosides. Especially, ginsenoside-Re was significantly increased and some ginsenosides except for ginsenoside-Re was slightly reduced. Also, the growth of hairy roots decreased about 30% as compared with the dark condition. In contrast, addition of sodium acetate led to decreased production of ginsenoside and growth of hairy roots under light condition. The influence of potassium dihydrogenphosphate concentration was examined in MS medium and a 1.25 mM concentration was found to be the most appropriate for growth and ginsenoside production under light condition. Two-step process of hairy roots culture with yeast elicitation or without ammonia in culture medium was developed to enhance growth and giusenoside synthesis. $50\;\mu\textrm{g}$ of yeast elicitor per g of fresh weight showed a synergistic effect on the ginsenoside synthesis of hairy roots on 20 days after culture. At that time, the content of total ginsenoside was 1.15%, while the growth of hairy roots decreased 21 % as compared with the dark condition. In addition, when elimination of ammonia on 20 days after culture, the content of total ginsenoside was 1.26% with significant increment of ginsenoside-Rd (0.27%) in addition to ginsenoside-Re and the growth of hairy roots decreased 10% as compared with the dark condition. In this system, we have demonstrated a unique two-step process of hairy root cultures to maximize biomass and secondary metabolites. It has found possibility to enhance ginsenosides production by growing hairy roots in this method.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.191-196
• /
• 2007

An isolate of Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013(AQ94013) was selected as an effective agent for biological control against cucumber powdery mildew. In order to develop mass production technique, six cereal media made with barley, rice, mille and brown rice, sorghumand rice seed were tested. Among them, barley medium was the best for the growth and conidial production of AQ94013. Optimum temperature for the mass production of AQ94013 was $25^{\circ}C$ and followed by $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. Light radiation inhibited conidial production of AQ94013 since number of conidia formed on barely medium under continuous light or 12 hrs alternative light were much less than cultured in darkness. Tthe conidia produced on the medium at $30^{\circ}C$ maintained the parasitic ability to Sphaerotheca fusca for 30 days. A culture method of AQ94013 in barley liquid medium with adding barely power(40 g/l) in darkness for five days at $25^{\circ}C$using a 30 l-fermenter was very effective for mass production of conidia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.418-427
• /
• 2003

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is the mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 $\omega$6), which is found abundantly in dairy products and meats. This study was peformed to investigate the anticarcinogenic effect of CLA in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cell were treated with LA and CLA at the various concentrations of 15, 30, 60, 120 UM each. After incubation for 48 and 72 hours, cell proliferation, fatty acids incorporation into cell, peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured. Postaglandin E$_2$ (PGE$_2$) and thromboxane $A_2$ (TXA$_2$) were measured for the eicosanoids metabolism. There was no cell growth differences in both of LA and CLA treated MCF-7 cells at 48 hr incubation. Compared to LA, cell growth was decreased by CLA treatment according to increasing concentration at longer incubation times, respectively (p<0.05). Both of LA and CLA was incorporated into the cellular lipids 22~54% higher than in control but LA incorporation was not so linear as CLA according to concentration. Arachidonic acid (C20:4, $\omega$6) was synthesized after treatment of LA but did not in CLA, respectively. The lipid peroxide concentration in LA 120 $\mu$M group increased as 1.7 times as that in CLA 120 $\mu$M treated. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were increased by the supplementation with CLA 120 $\mu$M at 72 hr incubation (p<0.001) compared to LA, otherwise activity of superoxide dismutase was not different in both. PGE$_2$ and TXA$_2$ levels were lower in condition of CLA treatments according to lower levels of arachidonic acids than those in LA treated group, respectively. Overall, the dietary CLA might change the MCF-7 cell growth by the changes of cell composition, production of lipid peroxide, activities of antioxidant enzymes and eicosanoid synthesis compared to dietary LA.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 1993

Cell lines of Ginkgo biloba were derived from different plant parts and from ten varieties spanning various geographic locations. They had various properties of growth and product formation. More than three flavonol glycosides were present in low concentration in callus and suspension cultures. Cell growth and biosynthesis of flavonol glycosides were found to be affected by medium composition. Culture conditions which influenced cell growth and product formation were also examined. Light stimulated the flavonol glycosides biosynthesis and ten times higher flavonol glycosides content was obtained as compared with the result without light.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.113-116
• /
• 2001

Chromosomal variation was investigated in the female and male somaclones regenerated from the leaf segment culture of Rumex acetosa L. Difference in phenotype depending on the sexuality was not observed. In female somaclones, 21 among 25 somaclones carried the same chromosome complements (2n＝14) with wildtype and others were tetraploids (2n=28), Considerable chromosomal variation was found in male somaclones. Only 4 among 20 somaclones carried normal chromosome number (2n=15) and 13 somaclones were aneuploids.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.247-252
• /
• 1994

The effects of explant sources, plant growth regulators on callus induction and plantlet differentiation from leaf blade, petiole, and meristem tissue of Pelalgonium citrosa were investigated under illumination or in dark condition Leaf blade explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 2,4-D and kinetin did not form callus or organ. But those cultured on medium with NAA and BA produced callcus and shoots. Dark condition was more effective than light condition to callus induction and showed that some of shoot were differentiated directly from leaf blade explane. Callus proliferated vigorously on meristem tissue after 7 days of culture, and multiple shoots were obtained Sum callus on medium with 0.5 mg/L NAA and BA. Roots formed readily from about 80% of the shoots cultured on medium with 1.0 mg/L NAA. Regenerated plantlets regenerated had phenotypically normal leaves and roots.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.347-356
• /
• 2000

포유동물의 난소 내에는 많은 수의 primordial follicles 과 preantral follicles 이 존재하고 있으며, 이것은 수정란을 체외생산하기 위한 잠재적인 난자의 공급원이 될 수 있다. 생쥐 preantral follicles 내에 존재하는 난자의 체외성장과 발달을 위하여 몇몇 배양체계가 개발이 되었으며, 적당한 배양조건에서 감수분열 능력이 없는 preantral follicles 내의 난자가 체외배양을 통하여 난자 직경이 증가하고 완전한 핵성숙을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 체외성장 및 성숙된 난자로부터 생쥐 산자의 성공적인 생산은 preantral follicles 내의 난자가 체외배양을 통해서도 완전한 발달능력을 얻을 수 있음을 입증하였다. 그렇지만, 생쥐 preantral follicle로부터 수정란의 체외생산능력은 매우 낮은 것으로 보고되고 있다. 한편 사람을 비롯한 돼지, 소와 같은 중ㆍ대가축의 경우에는 pre antral follicle의 체외배양을 통하여 감수분열능이 있는 단계의 난자로까지의 발달이 아직 보고가 되지 않고 있다. 따라서 지금까지의 연구결과들을 종합해 볼 때, preantral follicles의 체외배양조건을 개선하거나 새로운 배양체계를 개발에 대한 많은 연구가 요구되고 있다. 사람과 중ㆍ대가축의 preantral follicles의 체외배양체계의 확립은 우수한 형질을 가진 동물의 확장, 희귀동물 혹은 멸종위기 동물의 보존에 이용될 수 있을 것이며, 그리고 암치료를 위하여 화학적, 방사선 치료를 받아야 하는 여성에게서 향후에 불입치료를 위한 방법으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2010

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of sex steroid hormones (estrogen, testosterone and 19-nortestosterone) on proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes of female and male pigs. The preadipocytes were isolated from the backfat of new-born female and male pigs by collagenase digestion and cultured in the $CO_2$ incubator. The concentration of $10^{-7}M$ and 10-6M sex steroid hormones were treated to the cultured preadipocytes. Regarding the effects on preadipocytes proliferation, high concentration ($10^{-6}M$) of all the three hormones increased proliferation of female preadipocytes,and only estrogen and testosterone increased proliferation of male preadipocytes. Regarding the effects on preadipocyte differentiation, all the three hormones increased differentiation of pig preadipocytes, regardless of hormone concentrations and sex of preadipocytes. The degree of stimulation of cell differentiation by sex steroid hormones was greater than that of cell proliferation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2004

In vitro culture system was established to induce multiple shoots of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. by investigating the effects of cytokinins. Stem explants were cultures on MS medium supplemented with either five drfferent plant growth regulators or their combinations under light or dark condition. The most effective cytokininsource was the combination of BA 1.0mg/L and TDZ 0.1mg/L for producing shoots (6.05$\pm$1.51), zeatin 2.0mg/L and TEZ 0.1mg/L for elongating shoots (3.27$\pm$0.66cm) under the light condition. In addition the most effective cytokinin was 2-ip 2.0mg/L for producing shoots(5.20$\pm$1.81), zeatin 2.0mg/L for elongating shoots(5.64$\pm$1.24cm)under the dark condition. Overall, the average percent for in vitro shooting was greater than 89.58％.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.435-439
• /
• 2003

Plant cell culture can be divide into two classes non-organic culture and organic culture. Non-organic culture such as suspension culture has many researches, however organic culture about recombinant protein production has little researches. Recombinant protein produced through organ culture is quite stable and it can make proteins by itself without any grow regulators. Therefore organ culture is much easier than other methods. In this research, we used transformed tobacco seed. At first we germinated the seed then separated stems and leaves from the grown plant. And raised in liquid medium by in vitro vegetative reproduction. Continuing most suitable conditions, we compared the Quantities of recombinant protein from intra cellular with from extra cellular. And adding some permeabilizing agents (Pluronic F-68, Triton X-100, DMSO, PEG8000), we increased the productivity of the recombinant protein.