• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.280-288
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in psychosocial adjustment between younger (age${\leq}50$) and older (age>50) breast cancer survivors, and to explore the role of sociodemographic and disease-related variables in predicting psychosocial adjustment between younger and older breast cancer survivors. Methods: A total of 262 women participated in this study. A self-reported questionnaire, the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self Report Korean version (PAIS-SR Korean version), was used. Data were analyzed with SAS/WIN 9.1 for descriptive statistics using the t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The psychosocial adjustment score of younger breast cancer survivors was significantly higher than that of older breast cancer survivors. Significant predictors influencing psychosocial adjustment in younger breast cancer survivors were marital state, menopausal cause, immune therapy, and self-help group, and these predictors account for 48% of the variance in psychosocial adjustment. Significant predictors influencing psychosocial adjustment in older breast cancer survivors were stage of cancer, monthly income, marital state, and menopausal cause. These predictors accounted for 35% of the variance in psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of counseling and educational programs to improve the psychosocial adjustment according to breast cancer survivors' age.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cancer-overcome BeHaS exercise program on pain, flexibility, grip strength and stress in patient with breast cancer following surgery. Method: Study was designed as a non-synchronized research method with a nonequivalent control group. Data collection was performed from September 2007 to January 1, 2008. Participants were 34 patients (experimental group: 19, control group: 15) undergoing surgery for breast cancer in a hospital in D city. Women in the experimental group were participated in the cancer-overcome BeHaS (Be Happy and Strong) exercise program for 60 minutes per session once a week for 8 weeks and it was recommended that they do the exercises once more each week at home. The control group received one education session on breast cancer management. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups for pain, flexibility or grip strength. But stress in experimental group was significantly decreased compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: This result suggests that cancer-overcome BeHaS exercise program is helpful to reduce stress in patients after breast cancer surgery. Further research is needed for multi-dimensional evaluation on psycho-social effects of cancer-overcome BeHaS exercise program.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2003

This study was intented to identify the differences of fatigue and quality of life in patients with breast cancer according to the different treatment modalities. Ninety-one subjects were recruited from a medical unit and a therapeutic radiologic clinic at a university hospital in Chungnam, Korea. Fatigue was measured using Lee's scale(1999) translated from Piper's Fatigue Scale and quality of life was measured using Yang's scale(2002). The women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy were less fatigued and had better quality of life than those receiving radiotherapy(t=-2.914, p=.005; t=2.565, p=.012, respectively). The fatigue and quality of life in the women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatments were influenced by the weight change during the past 3 months(F=24.70, p=.039). Cancer stage, metastasis and weight were not associated with fatigue and quality of life. Health professionals can help cancer patients undergoing treatments prepare to cope with the expected side effects by providing a specific treatment-related information to them. The findings of this study can contribute the knowledge of these information.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to explore the effects of breast cancer education for college students on their mother's breast cancer screening promotion. Methods: This study used a one-group pretest and posttest design. Data were collected from September to November, 2007 from a sample of 80 college students and their mothers using a survey questionnaire, which asked about demographic variables, concerns over health and breast cancer, communication, stage of change and attitude (pros and cons) related to breast cancer, and confidence in breast self-examination. The college students received education about breast cancer for 50 minutes and then they educated their mothers about breast cancer. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: The mean age of the college students was 22.0 years, and that of their mothers 49.4 years with a range from 43 to 58 years. After receiving education on breast cancer, there were significant changes in the mean scores of concerns about health and breast cancer, communication, pros in mammography, and confidence in practicing breast self-examination. Conclusion: This study indicates that education on breast cancer to mothers through their college-age daughters is effective and can be utilized to promote breast cancer screening for women.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.50-63
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate the effects of an empowerment program. Method: We developed an 8-week empowerment program to decrease cancer symptoms and increase self-efficacy, self-esteem, and empowerment. This program includes aspects concerning self-knowledge and management, self-help groups, self-advocacy, resource network, and laughter therapy. We evaluated the effects of this program on 32 home-based cancer patients (one group pretest-posttest design). The data collection was performed from August 22, 2011 to October 13, 2011. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Result: There were significant differences in self-esteem derived from the empowerment program. However, there were no significant differences in cancer symptoms, self-efficacy, and empowerment after the program. Conclusion: More research, using a control group pretest-posttest design that considers an appropriate intervention duration, is needed to more accurately examine the effects of the program. We expect this intervention to improve the empowerment of home-based cancer patients.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify attributes of the concept of cancer survivorship. Methods: Walker & Avant's concept analysis framework (2005) was used to review the medical & nursing text books, medical and nursing research articles related to cancer survivorship and published from 1985 to 2011. Results: There were nine aspects of the concept of cancer survivorship: A process, liminality, uncertainty, life-changing experience, complexity, unique experience, duality of positive and negative aspects, partnership, and need for support. Antecedents of cancer survivorship were cancer diagnosis and perception as a cancer survivor. Empirical referents of cancer survivorship were survival rate, quality of life, adaptation to the survivorship experience, and health-related hardiness, social support, spirituality, and health behavior. The consequences of cancer survivorship were effects on the physical, psychosocial, spiritual and socio-economic well-being of the patients. Conclusion: This concept analysis of cancer survivorship is expected to contribute to promotion of survivorship care in the clinical field by removing conceptual ambiguity and confirming the true meaning of survivorship care.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the knowledge, attitude, and preventive health behavior of cancer in middle-aged men and to provide data for education program regarding cancer prevention. Methods: This study was a descriptive research using a questionnaire, which included 20 items for knowledge, 10 items for attitude, and 18 items for preventive health behavior of cancer. Data were collected from 140 middle-aged men. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used with SPSS/WIN 18.0 to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for knowledge of cancer was 11.58 (range 0~20), for attitude, 37.52 (range 5~50), and for preventive health behavior of cancer, 58.85 (range 18~90). Preventive health behavior of cancer showed a significantly positive correlation with knowledge (r=.27, p=.001) and attitude (r=.31, p<.001) toward cancer. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, knowledge and attitude toward cancer were significant factors affecting preventive health behavior of cancer. Those variables explained 12.5% of cancer preventive behavior. Conclusion: In order to develop a cancer prevention education program for middle-aged men, accurate knowledge and improving attitude should be considered. Furthermore, it is necessary to do further study with a larger random sample according to lifespan.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey the college students' perception of cancer risks, cancer related health behavior, and perception of cancer occurrence possibility before and after age 40. Methods: The subjects were 771 college students who were conveniently selected from two colleges in the Gyeonggi Province. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results: The mean score of cancer risk perception was 3.8. The highest score item was 'smoking may cause cancer'. The mean score of cancer related health behavior was 3.0. The highest score item was 'take bath or shower'. Student felt that possibility of developing cancer before age 40 was 20.1% and that after age 40 was 36.2%. The perception of cancer risks was significantly different between male and female, and the health behavior was significantly different between age groups. There were weak relationships between the perception of cancer risks and cancer related health behavior. Conclusion: College students' perception of cancer risks was mostly good, but their behavior to reduce the risks did not match the degree of perception. Students recognized that after age 40 has a higher risk of developing cancer, therefore, intervention on behavioral modification to reduce cancer risks would be beneficial.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.420-430
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and depression in people with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A purposive sample of 198 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited from November 2014 to July 2015. The instruments were Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Gastrointestinal Cancer Module. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and path analysis. Results: CRCI was directly affected by cancer symptoms (${\beta}=.19$, p=.004) and fatigue (${\beta}=.56$, p<.001)($R^2=47.2%$). Depression was directly affected by fatigue (${\beta}=.48$, p<.001) and CRCI (${\beta}=.27$, p<.001). However, The impact of cancer symptoms on depression was confirmed through the mediating effect of CRCI. Conclusion: Results indicate that in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy along with the direct physiologic effects (fatigue, symptoms) of cancer treatment may have altered cognitive function leading to depression.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of cancer-overcome BeHaS exercise program on shoulder joint function, stress, body image and self-esteem in women who have had surgery for breast cancer. Method: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design with an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=25) was used. The experimental group participated in the program once a week for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi square and t-test with the SPSS Win 17.0. Results: There were significantly increased in shoulder joint function (p=.012), body image (p=.001), and self-esteem (p=.013), and significantly decreased in stress (p=.003). Conclusion: The results suggest that breast cancer-overcome BeHaS exercise program had beneficial effects on shoulder joint function, body image, self-esteem and stress in patients who have had surgery for breast cancer.