• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.9
• /
• pp.239-250
• /
• 2021

This study has been conducted to identify the theoretical understanding of cultural competence by systematically reviewing national and international quantitative studies on 'nurses' and 'nursing students' cultural competence dimensions. A literature search was conducted over approximately three months from June to August 2020, targeting academic journals and dissertations published from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. Literature extraction was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and 67 papers from a total of 1,175 were selected for the systematic literature review. As a result, the most commonly measured component was cultural perception, other dimensions included cultural knowledge, cultural skills, cultural sensitivity, cultural encounter, cultural attitude, cultural behavior, cultural longings and cultural receptivity, cultural experience, cultural security, cultural ethics, cultural beliefs, cultural practice, motivation and curiosity, cultural emotions and empathy. Therefore, in order to improve the cultural competency of nurses and nursing students, it is necessary to seek consensus and a multifaceted approach that is essential in each society based on various components.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.265-274
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to know the difference in pain, sleep, self-care behavior in patients performed by sternotomy and robotic minimally invasive cardiac surgeries. The participants were 64 patients with sternotomy and 64 patients with minimal thoracotomy in heart valve surgeries at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, paired t-test. with SPSS/WIN(22.0). The participants with minimally invasive thoracotomy felt severe pain than the patients with thoracotomy at post operation day 2 & 5. The severe pain site were the surgical site in both groups. The participants with sternotomy had better sleep than minimally invasive thoracotomy patients. Self-care behavior was higher in the minimally invasive thoracotomy group. Therefore, despite the many advantages of robotic surgery such as rapid recovery and shortening of length of stay in hospital, accurate pain assessment and application of differentiated protocols are needed for the management of pain in the patients with robotic minimally invasive cardiac surgeries. In addition, a structured education program intervention is needed to improve comfort by considering gender, age, and method of operation.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.41
• /
• pp.91-120
• /
• 2010

In this paper, I tried to analyze the image of bamboo from Chang Hyun-kwang's poetry. Especially I focused on defining the symbolic meaning of bamboo as a poetic material. To achieve this, I inspected his view of world and politic life. He considered his contemporary period as 'ethically corrupted' world. During his life time, he served for three kings and also suffered from the fires of war four times. That means, he had to undergo the political unrest and national crisis during his life time. Due to the chaotic state of affairs, all the people were busy pursuing their own interests. It made Chang had no choice but retiring from active life. While Chang revealed his attitude to life through writing poetry, he used the image of bamboo as a completion of one's mature character. And the image of bamboo what he used was somewhat different from general one. Chang used the image of bamboo in two ways. The one is seeking live in retirement, and the other is chasing completion of his own mature character in academic way.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.40
• /
• pp.273-302
• /
• 2022

This paper aims reinterpreting and reflecting on the current status and problems with the various contents that have developed through Jeongeupsa (井邑詞, Jeongeup Lyrics) in order to enhance the local and cultural value of Jeongeupsa within the broader context of classical poetry. The results of this research are as follows: First, I raised the questions by summarizing previous studies on the interpretation of Jeongeupsa. The view of Jeongeupsa as songs about the jealousy and anger of wives is highlighted, and the view of the wives' desire for their husbands' safety is confirmed to be passive portrayals of women. These two interpretations raise questions about the extent to which Jeongeupsa remain relevant to local cultural content of today. Second, it was understood that Jeongeupsa shows a mature attitude that does not indicate spatial separation from the subjects in the poem. This is shown via the absence of those subjects, and further shows an active and subjective attitude of waiting. Therefore, it was deemed that there is room to reconsider to the categorization of Jeongeupsa as lewd songs. Third, the contents generated through Jeongeupsa are buried in feelings of sadness and anger. Thereby, the contents have not guaranteed the health of Jeongeupsa. In order to promote Jeongeupsa as a source of local and cultural content, the positive value of Jeongeupsa must be enhanced.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.84-102
• /
• 2022

Changes have been taking place in North Korea, which has been pushing for selective informatization with a priority on a system safety. North Korea has been developing its own mobile communication industry over the past decade by expanding base stations, producing smartphones on its own, and developing applications useful in real life. Recently, the introduction of 5G technology has been elevated to the status of a national agenda to be fostered as a key industry for national economic development. The time has arrived when the needs of North Korea, which has to advance technology, are aligned with the capabilities of South Korean mobile communication companies, which are seeking to new markets to overcome stagnant growth. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a cooperative scenario for mobile communications companies between the two Koreas in the early stages of the 4th Industrial Revolution and its core technology 5G, while also making a timely proposal to position North Korea in the GVC. Mobile communications is a large-scale industry that can create synergies from inter-Korean economic cooperation by facilitating exchanges and cooperation between the two Koreas, inducing numerous derivative industries and driving job creation. Joint mobile communications activities with North Korea would be an effective cooperative aspect that can contribute to the economic prosperity of the entire Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.313-320
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study compared the quantity of phoria for distance by new method with that by existing methods. Methods: For this study, it was selected to two existing phoria measurements, von Graefe and Maddox rod. And new method named "3D polarizing phoria measurement" was designed to measure the quantity of phoria using polarizing glasses and 3D display. Unlike existing measurement using polarized lens, newly considered method measured the quantity of phoria in condition removed perfect binocular fusion using field stop on apparatus and polarized lens. For using new method for distance, it was developed a phoria test chart. It supports three kinds of phoria measurements. Subjects were 12 (male 6, female 6). They had three phoria tests (1 sets) including new method. It was considered the effect of experimental order, so we tested all cases about experimental order. The number of cases was 6 sets, and the sample size in this experiment was 72 sets. For removing binocular fusion, lighting of the laboratory that was below 10 lx and the background color of phoria test chart was dark, RGB=(20, 20, 20). Results: Subjects were sorted into three groups. Samples with exophoria and orthophoria were 30 sets each, and those with esophoria were 12 sets. The quantity of phoria measured three tests differ from each other like "newmethod < von Graefe < Maddox rod", and there were statistically significant difference each other. Conclusions: This study has great significance in the sense that new method was the measurement with naturally removing binocular fusion without dizziness during the tests.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.37
• /
• pp.325-354
• /
• 2013

The concept of national security and the fundamental system for crisis management have departed from traditional methods and the importance of a national critical infrastructure crisis management has been emphasized. A national critical infrastructure crisis means a situation where human resource, material and functional system that may have a material effect on the critical functions of the government, the vitality and integrity of society, national economy and the safety of the public becomes disabled due to causes such as terrorism or major disasters. Although North Korea had been subject to numerous rounds of negotiations and sanctions as it continually developed nuclear weapons since the 1960s, it has also showed off its nuclear armaments through successful nuclear testings and missile launches. As the development and threat of North Korea's weapons of mass destruction becomes more noticeable and the range of its risk expands, this study focuses on the potential for an absence of leadership for national crisis management where the country's leadership, which should serve the critical role and function of handling national crises, becomes completely destroyed by the unexpected initial attacks by North Korea. As a result, the purpose of this study is to propose safety measures for the country's leadership in preparation for North Korea's threat of nuclear weapons by examining the concept and degree of risk of weapons of mass destruction with a focus on nuclear weapons, analyzing the substance of the threat of North Korean nuclear weapons and evaluating such threat. In conclusion, first, to ensure the normal functioning of a national crisis management system in the event of a national crisis, we must seek safety measures that conform to the scope and succession order of the leadership of the national crisis management for an Enduring Constitutional Government (ECG) and the Continuity Of Operations (COOP). Second, in the event of a national ceremony, the gathering of the country's leadership all together in an open place should be avoided. In unavoidable circumstances, the next in rank that will act on behalf of the current leader should be designated and relevant safety measures should be taken. Third, during time of peace, in preparation for national crises, the scope of protection for the country's leadership should be prescribed and specific security and safety measures should be implemented. Fourth, the succession order for acting president in the case of the death of the president pursuant to Articles 71 and 26(1) of the National Government Organization Act should reconsidered to see whether it is a reasonable provision that takes into consideration a national crisis management that corresponds to the threat of North Korean nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction. Pursuant to the Basic Guidelines for National Crisis Management set out under Presidential Directive No. 229, the Korean government is currently operating a case-by-case "crisis management standard manual" and its sub-manuals and has also prepared the Presidential Security Service's security and safety measure regulations regarding the acting president. Therefore, the Korean government should actualize the above points in the case-by-case crisis management standard manual and security and safety measure regulations regarding the acting president to implement and legislate them.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study analyzed the difference in survival time of patients with delirium according to sedative medication. Methods: From January 2012 through December 2013, a retrospective cohort study was performed using the electronic medical records (EMR) of Pusan National University Hospital. Among 900 patients who died from cancer, we selected 240 who suffered delirium based on the EMR. The Nu-DESC delirium screening test was used to diagnose delirium. Results: The median length of delirium period was five days. Delirium characteristics were dominated by inappropriate behaviors (35.0%). Sedatives were administered in 72.1% of the cases. The most frequently used sedative was haloperidol which was used in 59.6% of cases. The delirium period significantly differed by patients' age (F=3.96, P=0.021), cancer type (F=3.31, P=0.010), chemotherapy (t=-3.44 P=0.001). The average survival time was 16.85 days for the sedative medication group and 9.37 days for the non-medication group, which, however, was not significant (t=1.766, P=0.079). Conclusion: In this study, the use of sedatives did not affect patients' survival time. Thus, appropriate sedative medication can be positively recommended to comfort terminal cancer patients and their families.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.105-123
• /
• 2018

Currently, satellite images act as essential and important data in water resources, environment, and ecology as well as information of geographic information system. In this paper, we will investigate basic characteristics of satellite images, especially application examples in water resources. In recent years, researches on spatial and temporal characteristics of large-scale regions utilizing the advantages of satellite imagery have been actively conducted for fundamental hydrological components such as evapotranspiration, soil moisture and natural disasters such as drought, flood, and heavy snow. Furthermore, it is possible to analyze temporal and spatial characteristics such as vegetation characteristics, plant production, net primary production, turbidity of water bodies, chlorophyll concentration, and water quality by using various image information utilizing various sensor information of satellites. Korea is planning to launch a satellite for water resources and environment in the near future, so various researches are expected to be activated on this field.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.153-168
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of tile study was to identify types of care needs of hospice patients and those from the family caregivers' perspective and to compare these two groups in reporting patients' care needs through Q-methodology. Methods: Twenty three Q-statements concerning care needs were selected through in-depth interviews of hospice patients. Data were collected from 20 hospice patients as well as 20 family caregivers respectively by sorting 23 Q-statements into 9 points standard. Data analysis was performed by using PC QUANL program. Results: Principal component analysis identified four types of care needs of the hospice patients. Overall, the accuracy of family caregiver reports was 48% in all types of care needs. Type 1 was named 'physical care needs type' for those whose greatest need was physical care to be free of pain and comfortable. The accuracy in Type 1 was 62.5%. Type 2 was named 'emotional care needs type' for those who would like to share love and intimacy with their family members. The accuracy in Type 2 was 20%. Type 3 was named 'spiritual care needs type' for those who would like to receive forgiveness from their God and prayers and visitation of clergy. The accuracy in Type 3 was 60%. Type 4 was named 'social care needs type' for those who would like to complete their ongoing work and to give service to others. The accuracy in Type 4 was 50%. Conclusion: There was a great difference between hospice patients and the family caregivers in reporting patients' care needs. Thus, hospice nurses need to educate family caregivers to more accurately assess patients' care needs.