• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 1993

Satisfactory results were obtained in 90% of all cases after aesthetic facial bone contouring was performed. In these cases. no visible scar on the face resulted by using the bicoronal and intraoral approaches. We experienced eight cases of postoperative complications. Patient selection and preperative planning is very important in achieving superior cosmetic results in facial bone contouring.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.3 s.50
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• pp.311-321
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of the chewing side preference and variations in the maximum bite force and facial morphology according to chewing side preference since unilateral chewing may cause morphologic and functional anomalies. 50 dental students who had no signs or symptoms of masticatory system and Angle's Class I relationship in posterior segments were selected, and divided into two groups, that is, 25 in bilateral chewing group(19 male and 6 female) and 25 in unilateral chewing group(10 male and 15 female). Maximum bite force was estimated ana posteroanterior cephalogram were measured ana statistically analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. Their were more students with bilateral chewing side preference($68\%$) and unilateral chewing side group consisted of right side preference($68\%$) and left side preference($32\%$). 2. There was no significant difference in the strength of max. bite force between the right and left side in bilateral chewing group. The bite force of the chewing side nab greater in the unilateral chewing group but less in the non-chewing side compared to those of bilateral chewing group with Bo significant difference. Max. bite force of chewing side was greater than that of non-chewing side in the unilateral chewing group(Female p<0.05). Max. bite force of males was about twice in that of females in both groups(p<0.05). Max. bite force of chewing side of the unilateral chewing group was similar to that of the bilateral chewing group, but that of non-chewing side was less than that of the bilateral chewing group. 3. In comparison of the facial morphology, there was no statistically significant difference in the size between the right and left side of the bilateral chewing group and between chewing and non-chewing side of the unilateral chewing group.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.839-853
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• 1998

The present study was performed to prove the relationship between CO-CR discrepancy and facial skeletal type. In this study, 242 subjects were randomly selected and devided into 9 groups(devided into class I, II, III by ANB and each one devided into dolicho-, brachy-, mesofacial skeleton by Ricketts' vertical index). Lateral cephalometric radiographs with the mandible in centric occlusion were taken and measured and CO and CR bites were registered on all subjects. Diagnostic casts were mounted on Panadent articulator using an estimated face-bow and centric relation bite registration. The amount and direction of CO-CR discrepancy present was recorded using a Condylar Position Indicator(CPI) and a centric occlusion wax bite registration. CPI measurements and cephalometric measurements were statistically analyzed. The finding of this study can be summerized as follows : 1. There is little correlation between right and left sides for magnitude or direction of CO-CR discrepancies. The correlation between the magnitude of CO-CR discrepancy of left A-P and right A-P is higher than that of left S-I and right S-I. 2. Correlation of Class II malocclusion group was higher than that of the other groups between the magnitude of CO-CR discrepancy of left CPI and right CPI. 3. There is no difference between the pattern of CO-CR discrepancy of 9 malocclusion groups. 4. There is very little, if any, correlation between Skeletofacial measurements and CO-CR discrepancy. 5. In Class II brachyfacial skeleton and Class III mesofacial skeleton there was Lateral cephalometric measurements by that we predict CPI measurements was detected. That was overbite, overjet, upper genial angle, lower genial angle, saddle angle, articular angle, convexity of point A, ANS-Me/Na-Me, PCBL/RH, Posterior FH/anterior FH.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.32 no.10 s.305
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• pp.718-727
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• 1994

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2004

사이버상의 의사소통의 도구로 사용되는 아바타나 캐릭터의 3차원 얼굴 모델링에 대한 연구로서 한국인의 안면형태소를 지닌 모델생성으로 인터넷을 즐겨 사용하는 현대인과 청소년들에게 민족적 구체성과 국민적 정체성을 지닌 아바타의 활용에 도움이 되고자 한다. 임의의 20대 남, 녀 각각 40인으로부터 스켄을 하고 머리뼈와 근육 구조를 바탕으로 눈, 코, 눈썹, 뺨, 입, 턱, 아래턱, 이마, 귀 등 각 형태소로 나누고 참조모델을 생성한다. 임의로 생성된 안면형태소 3차원 모델이 한국인의 형상을 갖는지에 관한 평가를 정량적인 치수측정에 의해서 검증 분석하여 입증한다. 이들 안부, 비부, 구순부, 얼굴형의 각 형태소로부터 각 형태소틀 간에 보간 되어 변형된 형태의 형태소 생성이 가능하고, 이 변형 형태소들 간의 임의의 조합된 모델의 안면 생성이 가능하게 한다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.811-819
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• 2016

Panfacial fracture is extremely difficult to manage facial injuries but concomitant injuries and severe complications including facial esthetic and functional problems can make it harder. Thorough evaluation and closed co-work with other specialists is needed when reduction and fixation cannot be achieved quickly. Emergency bony support and soft tissue key suture provide the patients with airway integrity, hard and soft tissue vitality. A systemic treatment plan must be made by 3D CT image. This plan include airway management for surgery, sequence of reduction and fixation, approach method, soft tissue resuspension and reconstruction of lost tissue like inferior orbital wall, zygomaic buttress and soft tissue. From known to unknown structures, accurate reduction and fixation will provide proper occlusion, facial projection, width, hight and function. Consideration about facial retaining ligaments must be given to prevent soft tissue sagging.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.5 s.58
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• pp.509-522
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• 1996

By studying the relationship between the morphology of mandibular symphysis and craniofacial morphology in classIII malocclusion, this study aims at deciding whether the morphogy of mandibular symphysis can be used as a predictor on the growth of mandible. The materials used for this study were the cephalometric radiographs of male class III malocclusion. The subjected age groups were 10-12(G1 group) and 20 and above(G2 group): 50 were selected from each group. Each group was again divided, according to the ratio of symphysis, into Large(L), Average(A), and Small(S). The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. In average the ratio of symphysis, G2 group showed significantly bigger than G1 group(p<0.05) 2. In both G1 and G2 groups, the ratio of symphysis had no relationship with the measurements on the cranial base and the maxilla(p>0.05). 3. In both G1 and G2 groups, there was not distinct difference in the antero-posterior positions among L, A, S subgroups. 4. L and A subgroups showed significantly larger than S subgroup in lower gonial angle and chin angle in G1 group (p<0.05). 5. In the measurements on the vortical relation of the face, anterior total face height(ATFH) and anterior lower face height(ALFH) of L subgroup were significantly larger than that of S subgroup in G1 group(p<0.05) and also mandible showed a tendency to grow downward vertically. 6. In the measurements on the tooth position and inclination, L subgroup showed as compared with S subgroup a tendency of extrusion of maxillary and mandibular teeth in G1 group, but G2 group showed such tendency only in mandibular teeth. 7. In the measurements on the abnormal growth prediction by Schulhof, in G1, there was no significant difference among L, A, S sugroups. 8. In the correlative analysis of the ratio of symphysis and other measurements, G1 group showed significant correlationships in chin angle, PP/MP angie, ANS-Me and other, while G2 group showed the same only in MP-LIT and MP-LMMC(p<0.05, p<0.01). In summarizing the above, in the G1 group, consisting of young males, no difference was noted in horizontal relation between L and S subgroups; in vertical relation, L subgroup showed a stronger tendency of downward growth of mandible than S subgroup. In adult male G2 group, however, no distinct morphological difference of craniofacial complex by the ratio of symphysis.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2008

Purpose: The first objective of this study was to compare the upper midface morpholgy, focusing on the soft tissues, between skeletal Class III maloccusion patients with midfacial depression and the norm. The second objective was to estimate and analyze the change in the upper midface soft tissues following surgical correction with maxillary advancement by Lefort I osteotomy and mandibular setback by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSRO). Methods: The samples consisted of 34 adult patients (15 males and 12 females) with an average age of 21 years, who had severe anteroposterior discrepancy with midfacial depression. These patients had received presurgical orthodontic treatment and surgical treatment which consisted of simultaneous Lefort I osteotomy and BSSRO. Results: The correlation coefficient between changes in maxillary advancement and changes in Or' (soft tissue orbitale) was 0.599 (p < 0.05). Change in maxillary plane angle and vertical change of the maxilla were not correlated with the change in Or' (p < 0.05). The ratio of soft tissue change in Or' to maxillary advancement was 43.57 %, and 81.54 % in Sn. Regression equations between maxillary movement and Or' were devised. The $r^2$ value was 0.476. Conclusions: The majority of measurements in the upper midface in skeletal Class III maloccusions when compared to the norm, showed significant differences. In Class III malocclusion with midfacial depression, maxillary advancement produces soft tissue change in the upper midface.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 1989

There were increased number of maxillofacial trauma in recent years accompanied by the change in the type and the severity of the injury thus it was necessary to set up new therapeutic concepts. Among many fixation methods, miniplate osteosynthesis, compression osteosynthesis, wire osteosynthesis and so forth were considered. In this paper we are reporting case of the multiple facial bone fracture, which mainly treated with miniplate osteosynthesis and the additionally used craniofacial suspension wire and transpaltal wire. It was concluded that miniplate osteosynthesis was useful in multiple facial bone fractures.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.409-420
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate clinical assessment, panorama & MRI findings and cephalometric characteristics in 42 patients with condylar resorption, who visited in the Department of Oral Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital at 2006. The results were as follows; 1. Clinical assessment 1) Female was 34 and male was 8, females were predominant. Distribution of age showed as follows; 10s was 14, 20s was 13, 30s was 7, 40s was 3, 50s was 4 and 60s was 1 patient. 10s and 20s were predominant. 2) Most of the patients had parafunctional habit. 2. Findings of panorama & MRI 1) Most of the patients had degree of Grade II condylar resorption by panorama taking. 2) Most of the patients had disc dislocation and belonged to the degree of stage IV by MRI taking. 3. Cephalometric Characteristics 1) SN, SAr and saddle angle in female patients were significantly smaller and SN in male patients showed only significantly smaller than normal group. 2) SNA showed no difference from the normal group in both patients. SNB was smaller and ANB was lager in female patients than normal group. 3) SN-GoMe and FMA increased in patients. 4) Total posterior facial height & ramus height were significantly smaller. 5) Mandibular body length did not show any significant difference.