• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.5
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• pp.355-362
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• 2010

Face tracking is to estimate the motion of a non-rigid face together with a rigid head in 3D, and plays important roles in higher levels such as face/facial expression/emotion recognition. In this paper, we propose an AAM-based face tracking algorithm. AAM has been widely used to segment and track deformable objects, but there are still many difficulties. Particularly, it often tends to diverge or converge into local minima when a target object is self-occluded, partially or completely occluded. To address this problem, we utilize the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). SIFT is an effective method for self and partial occlusion because it is able to find correspondence between feature points under partial loss. And it enables an AAM to continue to track without re-initialization in complete occlusions thanks to the good performance of global matching. We also register and use the SIFT features extracted from multi-view face images during tracking to effectively track a face across large pose changes. Our proposed algorithm is validated by comparing other algorithms under the above 3 kinds of occlusions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2008

한의학의 대중화와 세계화를 위해서는 타 의학과의 차별화와 진단의 객관성 확보가 매우 중요하며 이를 위해서는 한의학의 독창적인 의료체계인 사상의학을 통해 차별화를 이루고 또한 객관성 확보를 위해 IT 공학기술과 연계하여 진단기술을 개발한다면 효율적일 것으로 예상한다. 본 논문에서는 사상의학의 체질 분류를 목적으로 하여 체질 분류법 중 용모사기론을 기반으로 한 안면 영상을 통한 사상체질 분류시스템을 개발하기위해 20대 여성을 대상으로 안면 영상을 수집하고 피실험자에 대한 체질분류 작업을 진행하여 안면 요소와 체질 간의 상관관계를 분석하여 체질별 차이를 나타내는 항목을 설정하고 이에 대한 분석을 실험을 통해 수행하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.419-422
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• 2006

고령화 및 저출산 사회가 대두되면서 예방을 통해 건강을 지키고자 하는 노력이 증가되고 있으며, 비침습, 무자각의 한방 진단 기술에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 그러나, 기존의 한방 진단 분야에서 가지고 있는 임상의의 직관에 의한 진단 결과의 시각화에 따른 문제를 해결하지 않고서는 신뢰도를 얻을 수 없다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 한방의 진단 분야 중 가장 중요한 망진(望診) 분야의 시각화, 객관화를 위해 입력 영상의 분석을 위한 최적화에 관한 연구를 하고자 한다. 이를 위해 입력 영상에 대한 색상 보정과 반사 보정을 통해 보다 정확한 색상값을 구하기 위한 연구를 진행한다. 또한, 컬러 영상의 최적화를 통한 보정 후의 결과 영상을 이용하여 망진에 필요한 얼굴 영역 추출을 나타내었다. 끝으로 실험을 통해 보정 전/후의 결과를 비교 평가하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

In this paper, a study on facial movements are analyzed in terms of opposite emotion stimuli by image processing of Kinect facial image. To induce two opposite emotion pairs such as "Sad - Excitement"and "Contentment - Angry" which are oppositely positioned onto Russell's 2D emotion model, both visual and auditory stimuli are given to subjects. Firstly, 31 main points are chosen among 121 facial feature points of active appearance model obtained from Kinect Face Tracking SDK. Then, pixel changes around 31 main points are analyzed. In here, local minimum shift matching method is used in order to solve a problem of non-linear facial movement. At results, right and left side facial movements were occurred in cases of "Sad" and "Excitement" emotions, respectively. Left side facial movement was comparatively more occurred in case of "Contentment" emotion. In contrast, both left and right side movements were occurred in case of "Angry" emotion.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.608-620
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• 2021

Recent deep learning-based face super-resolution (FSR) works showed significant performances by utilizing facial prior knowledge such as facial landmark and dictionary that reflects structural or semantic characteristics of the human face. However, most of these methods require additional processing time and memory. To solve this issue, this paper propose an efficient FSR models using knowledge distillation techniques. The intermediate features of teacher network which contains dictionary information based on major face regions are transferred to the student through adversarial multi-scale features distillation. Experimental results show that the proposed model is superior to other SR methods, and its effectiveness compare to teacher model.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.811-819
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• 2016

Panfacial fracture is extremely difficult to manage facial injuries but concomitant injuries and severe complications including facial esthetic and functional problems can make it harder. Thorough evaluation and closed co-work with other specialists is needed when reduction and fixation cannot be achieved quickly. Emergency bony support and soft tissue key suture provide the patients with airway integrity, hard and soft tissue vitality. A systemic treatment plan must be made by 3D CT image. This plan include airway management for surgery, sequence of reduction and fixation, approach method, soft tissue resuspension and reconstruction of lost tissue like inferior orbital wall, zygomaic buttress and soft tissue. From known to unknown structures, accurate reduction and fixation will provide proper occlusion, facial projection, width, hight and function. Consideration about facial retaining ligaments must be given to prevent soft tissue sagging.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.726-729
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• 2009

지구상의 유일한 분단국가인 우리나라는 항시 전쟁의 위험에 노출되어있고 이로 인해 세계적으로 안정과 평화에 대한 의구심을 초래하고 있다. 또한 이와 같은 문제로 인해 국가 이미지 실추 및 국가산업 저하를 초래하고 있다. 특히 김정일 국방위원장의 건강 상태는 세계적으로 관심의 대상이 되고 있는 것으로 이에 대한 분석은 국가 안보에 중요한 요소로 작용하고 있다. 그러나 폐쇄되어 있는 북한의 특성상 이를 파악하기가 용이한 일은 아니다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 한의학의 진단법인 망진법을 적용하여 최근 공개된 김정일 국방위원장의 얼굴 영상에서 안면 분석을 수행하여 병색 여부 및 최근에 초점이 되고 있는 심장과 신장 부위에 대한 찰색을 수행하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.374-376
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• 2018

In this study, we developed a mobile home robot using a face recognition method using a camera attached to a raspberry pie. It receives the real time image through the camera attached to the raspberry pie, recognizes the face of the person, and distinguishes the operation of the smart cool air temperature device according to the result. It is expected that the robot will be able to increase the energy utilization efficiency by allowing the robot to operate in cold and hot winds only where there is no human being, instead of operating the hot and cold air conditioner.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2005

The study is to examine how facial EMG responses change when children experience a positive emotion(happiness) and a negative emotion(fear). It is to prove that the positive emotion(happiness) could be distinguishable from the negative emotion(fear) by the EMG responses. Audiovisual film clips were used for evoking the positive emotion(happiness) and the negative emotion(fear). 47 children (11-13 years old, 23 boys and 24 girls) participated in the study Facial EMG (right corrugator and orbicularis oris) was measured while children were experiencing the positive or negative emotion. Emotional assessment scale was used for measuring children's psychological responses. It showed more than $85\%$ appropriateness and 3.15, 4.04 effectiveness (5 scale) for happiness and fear, respectively. Facial EMG responses were significantly different between a resting state and a emotional state both in happiness and in fear (p<001). Result suggests that each emotion was distinguishable by corrugator and orbicularis oris responses. Specifically, corrugator was more activated in the positive emotion(happiness) than in the negative emotion(fear), whereas orbicularis oris was more activated in the negative emotion(fear) than in the positive emotion(fear).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.112-118
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• 2009

Skin color segmentation techniques have been widely utilized for face/hand detection and tracking in many applications such as a diagnosis system using facial information, human-robot interaction, an image retrieval system. In case of a video image, it is common that the skin color model for a target is updated every frame for the robust target tracking against illumination change. As for a single image, however, most of studies employ a fixed skin color model which may result in low detection rate or high false positive errors. In this paper, we propose a novel method for effective skin color segmentation in a single image, which modifies the conditions for skin color segmentation iteratively by the image feedback of segmented skin color region in a given image.