• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.1000-1006
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• 2015

The adolescent period, during which physical, spiritual, and physiological growth and development occurs, is important for the development of healthy dietary habits. Particularly, eating a regular breakfast improves eating habits and school life in adolescents but few studies have investigated the effects of eating breakfast on these outcomes. Therefore, this research was performed to investigate the effects of eating a regular breakfast provided by the 'Breakfast Club Program' on eating behaviors and school life. A total of 315 high school students were recruited for the program from 10 high schools in nine districts among 25 districts in Seoul during August to December of 2013. The average age was $17.8{\pm}0.8$ years and 38.1% of students were females. Based on 315 subjects, 38.3%, 35.7%, and 17.1% increased their intakes of breakfast (P=0.001), fruit (P=0.033), and milk (P<0.001) up to 5~7 times per week, respectively. The intake frequency of fruit (P<0.001) and eating breakfast (P<0.001) increased noticeably after program participation. Based on 64 students performing dietary record, intakes of cereals (P<0.001), mushrooms (P=0.027), and fruits (P=0.002) increased while intakes of eggs (P=0.001) and fat and oils (P=0.019) decreased after the program. Consumption of energy (P=0.004), plant protein (P=0.012), carbohydrates (P<0.001), dietary fiber (P=0.026), iron from plant sources (P=0.009), potassium (P=0.043), zinc (P=0.013), vitamin $B_1$ (P=0.043), and vitamin C (P<0.001) increased whereas intake of cholesterol (P=0.002) decreased. Regarding school life, the score for 'comfortable and cheerful starting of a day' (P=0.001) and 'healthy starting of a day' (P<0.001) increased significantly. This study indicates that a regular 'Breakfast Club Program' may establish healthy eating habits and school life in teenagers.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.644-652
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• 2017

In this study, we have analyzed the 2015 KNHANES VI to understand the nutritional and health status of Korean middle-age adults from the perspective of frequency of eating breakfast. Those that eat breakfast five to seven times a week were 76.3 percent (male) and 72.7 percent (female). Frequency of eating lunch and dinner, and eating out was significantly higher among male subjects. The higher the frequency of eating breakfast, the higher the frequency of eating lunch, dinner and eating out. Female subjects that ate breakfast five to seven times a week had lower height and weight compared with other groups, but there was no significant difference of BMI and waist circumference among the four groups. Adults that eat breakfast five to seven times a week had consumed more carbohydrates, dietary fiber, phosphorus, potassium and vitamin C regardless of gender, which validates the nutritional benefits of eating meals regularly. Male adults that ate breakfast five to seven times a week revealed lower levels of diastolic blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol compared with other groups, which validates eating breakfast regularly was beneficial to their health. In conclusion, it is necessary to eat regular meals daily relative to the nutritional status and health of Korean middle-age adults.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.259-269
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eating behavior, food preference and nutrition knowledge according to the body style of male college students. The subjects were 219 male students enrolled in University, Taegu. The data was collected by using a survey questionnaire and an anthropometric measurement. The results were summarized as follows: The mean height, weight and BMI of subjects were $173.8{\pm}8.7cm,\;65.8{\pm}7.9Kg,\;and\;21.9{\pm}2.4$, respectively. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the BMI: underweight group(<20); normal group(20-25); and overweight group(>25). One third of the subjects preferred to gain weight(33.8%); 47 subjects preferred to lose weight(21.5%); and the rest of the subjects satisfied their physique(44.7%). Most of subjects considered 'supper' as the most important meal during a day. Among the food items, the most frequently and evenly ingested item by subjects was 'Kimchi' : 'Ham and sausage' was the least preferred food among subjects. There was no significant difference in preference among three groups and almost half of the subjects had irregular meal time because of busy schedule. The preference for meat showed high score among underweight group; on the other hand, the preference for fruits and vegetables showed high score among overweight group. Usually subjects gained nutrition knowledge through media including newspaper, magazine and TV. There was no significant difference of the nutrition knowledge score among three groups. Based on these results, nutrition education program for the college student should be arranged in the classes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.255-270
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the consumption of convenience foods among Korean adolescents. Methods: This study had a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 15th (2019) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which involved a nationwide representative sample of 57,303 middle- and high-school students. Convenience-food consumption was defined by frequency of adolescents consuming convenience foods obtained from convenience stores, supermarkets, and cafeterias over the previous 7 days. The analyzed variables were related to sociodemographic, mental health, and health behavior. The Rao-Scott χ² test was applied to examine the difference in the rate of consuming convenience foods obtained from convenience stores according to each factor. Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors that influence convenience-food consumption among Korean adolescents. Results: It was found that 29.1% of Korean adolescents consumed convenience foods obtained from convenience store more than three times per week. The significant influencing factors were female sex; low subjective academic achievement, and subjective household economic status; high perceived stress; low subjective sleep sufficiency; experience of depression; suicidal ideation; lower physical activity; skipping breakfast; lower consumptions of fruit, milk, and vegetables; higher consumptions of soda drinks, sweet drinks, caffeine, and fast food; lower water intake; current smoking and drinking; drug use; and experience of violence. Conclusion: These findings provide a better understanding of the sociodemographic, mental-health, and health-behavior factors that influence the consumption of convenience foods among Korean adolescents. We suggest that differentiated policies, strategies, and nutrition education need to be developed and implemented, in order to address the above-mentioned factors and thereby reduce such behaviors among Korean adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.3
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• pp.71-85
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to describe the frequency of workplace health promotion activites. For this objective, questionaire was requested to 648 trainees of Korea Industrial Safety Corporation. Respondents' positions were safety manager, health care manager, or representatives of employee. Major findings are as follows: 1) Of responding workplaces, 66.2% supported the activities related to promote employees' health. The support rate was higher of Manufacturing and Tranport than others. And the lager workplaces had the higher support rate. 2) Most frequent activity is exercise program. But the prevalence of smoking cessation, stress management, nutrition education and women health care was very low. Major contents of support were to pay the cost of these activites and to equip the places or the facilities. 3) 24.9% had the non-smoking policy in the workplace. 98.6% equiped the places and facilities for employees. Mean number of facilities across all workplaces was 2.96 and that of exercise circles was 3.60. In conclusion, it was suggested that the stratege was needed to develop the Korean model for workplace health promotion on the basis of exisiting activites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.978-985
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol drinking on dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes among the university male students. The subjects were divided three group; no-alcohol group(n=83), alcohol group(n=78), and high-alcohol group(n=78).And they were observed general characteristics, life style, eating pattern, food frequency and nutrient intake using questionnaires. The mean age, height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 25.8$\pm$6.1 years old 171.5$\pm$5.4 cm, 63.4$\pm$9.7 kg and 2.3$\pm$2.8/kg/$m^2$, respectively. The types of residence and person who prepares meals were significantly different among the groups: the frequency of self-boarding and preparing meals oneself in high-alcohol group were higher than in other two groups. The frequency of physical exercise and cigarette smoking in high-alcohol group were higher than in other two groups. There were no significant differences in skipping meals among three groups. However, the most common reson why high-alcohol group skipped meals was due to a eating habit, while a lack of time in other two groups. The results show that the high-alcohol group tended to eat more often instant ramien, soybean sprout, anchovy, and coffee compared to the other two groups. The energy intakes in alcohol and high-alcohol groups were lower than those in no-alcohol group. In conclusion, high-alcohol students have unhealthy dietary behaviors in the light of high frequency of cigarette smoking, eating habit of skipping meals and instant foods, and therefore showing a strong need of proper education in alcohol withdrawal and meal management for them.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 1992

본 연구는 충남지역 농어촌의 부엌설비 및 식사현황의 실태를 조사하여 농어촌 부엌설비 연구의 기초자료로 삼고자 1992년 3월 16일부터 2주간에 걸쳐 설문지 조사법에 의해 조사되었고 빈도(N)와 백분율(%), 그리고 변인간의 상관관계는 x$^2$-test로 통계적 유의성을 검증하였다. 1. 부엌의 구조 및 설비 1) 본 연구대상 농어촌 가정의 부엌 구조는 입식인 경우가 43.9%로서 아직까지도 재래식 구조가 많이 남아있고 부엌의 형태는 일자형(34.1%)과 자형(32.1%)이 가장 많았는데 일자형은 동선이 길고 자형은 면적을 많이 차지하는 단점을 지닌다고 하겠다. 2) 부엌 바닥의 재료는 흙바닥을 그대로 이용하는 경우(38.6%)와 콘크리트로 부엌 바닥을 마감한 경우(39.8%)가 대부분을 차지하였다. 부엌구조가 점차 입식으로 이양되면서 합성수지 제품도 이용(18.7%)되기는 했으나 흙바닥은 어떤 형태로든지 마감처리를 해야 할 것으로 본다. 3) 취사용 열원으로 가장 많이 쓰이고 있는 것은 프로판가스(57.6%)이고 그 다음으로는 연탄(16.5%)과 전기(14.9%)로서 장작과 석유의 이용율은 점차 줄어들고 있었다. 4) 상수도와 하수도시설이 부엌 내에 갖추어져 있는 비율은 각각 64.7%와 48.9%로서 아직도 미흡한 상태라고 할 수 있겠고, 정수기의 사용율은 2.9%로 관심도가 극히 낮은 편이었다. 5) 쓰레기를 분리해서 처리하는 경우는 21.8%로서 분리처리에 대한 실천이 잘 안되고 있었으며 젖은오물 처리시 비닐봉지를 사용하는 경우는 61.4%로서 과반수 이상으로 나타났다. 6) 부엌설비 중 부엌바닥재료와 취사용 열원은 가정의 수입과 positive(＋)의 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 가족의 식사현황 1) 주부가 식사를 담당하는 비율은 89.0%로서 높은 비율을 차지하였는데 이는 가족의 영양과 건강유지를 위하여 바람직한 일로 생각된다. 2) 식사장소로서 가장 많이 이용되는 곳은 안방(81.7%)이었으며 미비하기는 하나 그 다음으로는 부엌식당(15.6%)이었다. 이는 아직까지 농어촌지역에서 침식분리가 제대로 되어지지 않고 있다는 것을 시사해준다. 3) 가족이 모두 일주일에 5~7회 정도 식사를 함께 하는 경우가 아침식사시에는 55.1%, 저녁식사시에는 65.7%로 나타나 비교적 가족이 식사시간에 함께 모일 수 있는 여건이 마련되어 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 4) 가족의 외식횟수는 극히 적은편으로서 한달에 한번도 없거나 있어도 한번 정도인 경우가 대부분인 것(95.0%)으로 나타났다. 5) 가정내의 가공식품 이용도는 가끔 이용한다가 67.9%로 가장 많았고 주부의 직업이나 가정의 수입과는 negative(－)의 상관을 보임으로써 값싼 주식의 대용품이 많이 이용되는 것으로 사료된다. 이와 같이, 농어촌 가정의 부엌설비와 가족의 식사현황 문제를 조사해 본 결과 과거에 비해서는 좀더 합리적으로 변모하고 있다고 할 수 있겠으나 아직도 개선해야 할 점은 많은 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 앞으로 구체적이고도 현실적인 연구가 계속 이루어져야 할 것으로 기대해 본다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.292-306
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated fruit and vegetable intake and associated socio-demographic and dietary factors, and compared the nutritional intake according to the fruit and vegetable intake level among Korean adolescents. Methods: This study was conducted on 1,676 adolescents who participated in the 2016-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were classified into four groups based on the fruit and vegetable intake recommendations in 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans: Application (KDRIs Application): sufficient fruit intake (SF) group, sufficient vegetables intake (SV) group, sufficient fruit and vegetables intake (SFV) group, and not sufficient fruit and vegetable intake (NS) group The nutrient intake per day in each group was compared.. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors influencing fruit and vegetables intake. Results: In the sample of adolescents surveyed, only 1.40% met the recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables, while 79.54% fell below the established threshold for adequate consumption. Female adolescents, those with fathers holding university degrees or above, and those who ate breakfast at least three times a week were likelier to have adequate fruit intake. Male adolescents and those from higher-income households were likelier to consume vegetables. Females, those who ate out daily, those from lower-income households, and those who understood food labels were likelier to have adequate fruit and vegetable intake. The daily nutrient intake and intake-to-requirement ratio significantly differed according to the fruit and vegetable intake groups. The NS and SF group had lower ratios for calcium and iron, while the NS group had the lowest vitamin A and C intake. By contrast, the SFV group met almost all daily nutrient requirements, except for calcium and vitamin A. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for nutrition education programs to encourage adolescents to consume adequate amounts of fruits and vegetables.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.455-463
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• 1996

A survey was conducted to investigate the perceptions of health and foods, and the food habits among the elderly men who came to the Tap-Gol park on a daily basis. A total of 253 subjects were selected for this study. The data was analyzed through the $X^2-test$, Duncan's multiple range test and Pearson Correlation by the use of SAS program. The results were as follows. The majority of the subjects were in their 70's. 56.1% of them lived with their sons' families, 9.1% lived alone, and 27.3% lived with a spouse. 32% of the subjects were living with the expense less than 50,000 won per month. Although some were suffering from such diseases as arthritis, indigestion, and hypertension etc., the subjects were generally in good health. Their dependance on dietary supplements were insignificant. Most of the subject had a common-sensible notion as to health. They put emphasis on the three factors for the maintenance of good health: a balanced diet, a peace of mind and exercising. With regard to the food habits, the majority were fair in general. The subject living with family had more regular meals than the single people did. 41.5% of the subjects responded that they had irregular meals, mainly for lunch due to a poor appetite or a financial problem. The respondents cited protein food, milk, fruit, sea weeds and food cooked with oil as conducive to good health. But what they consumed did not match what they thought was good, particularly milk. The results of this study lead to the suggestion that Korea need to develop such a lunch program for the elderly as is practiced in the U.S., through which dietary motivation can be stimulated and a low-priced and balanced diet offered at least for one meal a day.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.307-317
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• 2021

This study was a secondary data analysis conducted to identify the factors affecting the health-related quality of life according to the stress perception level of middle-aged. Data from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 7,995 people aged 40-64 who answered the level of stress perception were targeted. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS ver.25.0, and the significance level was set to .05. As a result of the study, in the feeling less stressed group, household income level, education level, frequency of dinning out, drinking amount at a time, smoking, subjective health, and depression were found to be significant influencing factors, and the explanatory power was 21.4% (p < .001). In the feeling a lot stressed group, household income level, education level, living with a spouse, weekly breakfast frequency, aerobic physical activity, smoking, subjective health, and depression were significant influencing factors, and the explanatory power was 38.7% (p < .001). Therefore, it is suggested to consider each influencing factor in the middle-aged stress reduction intervention.