• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 1996

This study conducted to determine the evaluation and improvement for enforcement of the waste recycling system in Pohang city and surveyed 4 areas at the southern and northern districts respectively by a team of two officials during the period 6 February 7 February 1995. The rates of the use for waste recycling system's envelope from home trash were 94.2% at the northern district and 92.8% at the southern district by areas, 95.6% at the group houses (apartments and tenement houses) and 91.3% at the separate houses by patterns of house, the low economic class 96.4%, the middle economic class 96.3% and the upper economic class 87.5% by the economic levels, and the bell method 96.5%, the container method 95.6%, door take method 86.1% in order, respectively. The trash from houses were garbage 57.4%, paper 18.7%, plastic 10.3%, fiber 7.9%, bottle 2.7%, metal and can 1.4%, and wood and rubber 0.7% in order. The rates of the reuse trash(reuse possible paper, plastic, bottle, can and metal) were 20.2% of the total, 21.8% at the southern district and 18.5% at the northern district by areas, 25.7% at the separate houses and 14.7% at the group houses(apartments and tenement houses) by patterns of house, and the door take method 34.3%, the bell take method 17.1% and the container take method 14.7% in order, respectively. There were the double envelopes of the plastic bag from stories 46.3% and the clear plastic bag 29.5% in the waste cycling system's envelopes. There were 1.9 double envelopes in the waste cycling system's envelopes. Garbage occupied more than half of the total trash, so it is need to be compost and provender.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2013

To address the problems associated with climate change and energy shortage, Korea has been making efforts to turn waste materials into usable energy. Due to the ongoing efforts to convert waste materials into energy, waste incineration is expanding to utilize the heat generated, and the subsequent greenhouse gas emissions from these waste material incineration are expected to increase. In this study, a municipal waste incineration plant that generates heat and electricity through heat recovery was selected as a subject facility. Methods for estimating the greenhouse gas emissions in the municipal waste incineration plant that was selected as a subject plant were sought, and the greenhouse gas emissions and emission factor were estimated. The $CO_2$ concentrations in discharge gas from the subject facility were on average 6.99%, and the result from calculating this into greenhouse gas emissions showed that the total amount of emissions was $254.60ton\;CO_2/day$. The net emissions, excluding the amount of greenhouse gas emitted from biomass incineration, was shown to be $110.59ton\;CO_2/day$. In addition, after estimating the emissions by separating the heat and electricity generated in the incineration facility, greenhouse gas emission factors were calculated using the greenhouse gas emissions produced per each unit of output. The estimated emission factor for heat was found to be $0.047ton\;CO_2/GJ$ and the emission factor for electricity was found to be $0.652ton\;CO_2/MWh$. The estimated emission factor was shown to be about 17% lower than the $0.783ton\;CO_2/MWh$ emission factor for thermal power plants that use fossil fuels. Waste material types and fossil carbon contents were evaluated as being the factors that have major effects on the greenhouse gas emissions and emission factor.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.277-278
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• 2000

우리나라는 1960년대부터 경제성장에 주력한 결과, 국민들의 생활수준은 크게 향상되었으나, 대량생산과 대량소비 생활이 보편화되어, 부수적으로 발생되는 도시쓰레기의 량이 증가하고 있다. 1997년 말 현재 매립장은 전국적으로 537개소, 총 면적은 36,030천$\textrm{m}^2$에 이르고 있으며, 2001년에는 1997년 말의 약 3배가 될 것으로 예측되고 있다. 매립장 인근 지역에 거주하는 주민들에 대한 설문조사 결과를 살펴보면, 환경오염 피해 중 악취에 의한 피해와 침출수로 인한 지하수 오염문제를 가장 심각한 문제로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타나,이러한 문제에 대한 뚜렷한 해결 방법이 제시되지 않는 한 혐오시설로 인식되어진 매립장에 대한 인근주민의 거부감은 줄어들지 않을 것이다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2020

As the urbanization trend in modern society continues, the concentration of the population induces the urban problems in the residential area. One of the well-known issues among various urban problems is the garbage problem, which causes deterioration of the residential environment of citizens and directly affects the satisfaction of municipal administration. Such garbage problem cannot be accurately predicted by analyzing the amount of waste emitted from residential areas, but it is necessary to analyze the lifestyle and characteristics of residents living in residential areas. In this study, we propose an agent-based residential modeling and simulation environment using discrete event system formalism to analyze the garbage problem and satisfaction level according to the distribution of residents in the residential area. To model the behavior of the residents, we utilized the Atomic Model to capture the temporal behavior. Also, we used the Coupled Model to model the multi-family and the building to enhance the reusability of the simulation model. Also, this study carried out simulation modeling and simulation for a multi-family residential area. The simulation results of the multi-family housing area show that considering the characteristics of the residents gives better results compared to the simulation results without considering the characteristics.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.8 no.1_2
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• pp.13-16
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• 2003

Disposal possibility of raw food wastes which have various characters without any washing and composting process was tested directly using the earthworm, Eisenia andrei. The amount of feeding treatment a day by the earthworm was investigated according to input amount of 1.5 kg/m$^2$ or 3.0 kg/m$^2$ of fifteen food wastes with the different pH and EC. Earthworm disposed an average of 0.87 kg/m$^2$/day of food wastes at the constant temperature of 15$^{\circ}C$ and 1.01 kg/m$^2$/day at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The most disposal among fifteen food wastes was the food waste with pH 5.3 and EC 17.7 as 1.59 kg/m$^2$/day at 15$^{\circ}C$ and as 1.63 kg/m$^2$/day at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The least disposal was the food waste with pH 3.9 and EC 17.7 as 0.31 kg/m$^2$/day at 15$^{\circ}C$ and as 0.53 kg/m$^2$/day at 2$0^{\circ}C$. It took an average 4 days to dispose the amount of 3 kg raw food wastes at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 3.3 days at 2$0^{\circ}C$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.331-336
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• 1998

The possibility of using waste brine from kimchi factory as a substrate for the production of the single cell protein was investigated. The growth of Pichia guilliermondii A9 isolated from waste brine was not inhibited by the NaCl up to 10% (w/v). BOD of the waste brine was reduced to one tenth after 24 hours of yeast culture. The addition of ammonium salt, phosphate, and micronutrients to the waste brine did not enhance the growth of P. guilliermondii A9. However, when the brine was enriched with juice from waste cabbage, the final cell mass increased proportionally with the amount of added organic material, suggesting a practical application for the treatment of two different types of waste produced during kimchi manufacturing.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.593-596
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• 1996

The encironmental consequences of airborne mercury (Hg) release from waste incineration system are wellperceived. To provide some insights into those phenomena, we have assessed annual emission rates of Hg for several major incineration systems in Korea following the procedures developed abroad. The results of our computation, derived on the basis of dividing the whole amounts of annually incinerated wastes into municipal solid Wastes (MSW), and medical solid wastes (MDW), indicate that the extent of Hg release may be significant nationwide, possibly approaching a few tonnes of Hg per year basis. Knowing that the airborne transport and the resulting deposition of Hg can exert serious pollutions to the aquatic ecosystems, of particular fisheries, we are obliged to establish a stringent measure to confine the amount of Hg released via incineration.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.495-497
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• 2022

COVID-19 상황이 지속됨에 따라 플라스틱 쓰레기 배출량은 해마다 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있는 반면 플라스틱 폐기물의 재활용률은 현저히 낮은 편에 속한다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 국가적으로 여러 플라스틱 폐기물 중 순환 가능한 PET를 분리하여 수거하고자 하는 노력을 하고 있다. 하지만, 현재 대량의 플라스틱 폐기물은 수거되는 시점부터 여러 폐기물과 혼합된 형태로 재활용 센터에 수거되어 추가 분류하는 인적자원이 요구되는 문제점이 존재한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 한계점들을 해결하기 위해 AI 기술 중 하나인 Multi-Object Detection의 YOLOv7 모델을 적용하여 실시간으로 PET에 부착된 객체들을 탐지함으로써 순환 가능한 PET만을 분류하는 YOLOv7 기반 순환 가능한 PET 분류시스템을 설계 및 구현한다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 1999

The Concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs and their precusors(chlorophenols, chlorobenzenes, PCB) were analyzed from the dioxin control device such as EP and SCR to know the emission patterns of these compounds and find the dioxin index compounds. The dioxin concentration increased 7 times in outlet part than inlet part of EP and the concentration of CBs, CPs and PCBs also were increased through this control device. These phenomia may be related to the operating temperature of Electroprecipitator(EP), which the operating temperature is near the $300^{\circ}C$, the method of the decreasing the operating temperature need to consider to prevent the formation of these compounds. In the selected catalytic reactor with wet scrubber(SCR+WS), these compounds were removed after passing the device over 90% for CPs, 30~40% for CBs and 60% for PCBs. But, the systematic study have to perform to reduce the formation of PCDDs/PCDFs and precusors.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.69-91
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• 2005

In order to accurately evaluate the distribution and emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) produced in the landfill environment, we conducted a series of field campaign to measure VOC emissions from a total of eight landfill sites located all across the Korean Peninsula. During the field measurements made from Sept. 2000 to Dec. 2004, we investigated VOC emission characteristics from 1 large scale, 5 mid scale, and 2 small scale landfill sites. The results from our 4-years study is used to provide valuable information for the management of landfill facilities in Korea. If annual emission rates of VOC are compared in terms of toluene, the magnitude of its emission differed between the closed and active landfills. Whereas closed landfills show emission rates from a few tens to 500g/yr, those of active ones were recorded as 1,000 to 40,000g/yr.