• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

The embryonic and postembryonic developments of Nezara antennata Scott were observed in 5 different rearing cages such as A (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;10cm{\times}4cm$), B (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;14.5cm{\times}2.8cm$), C (Rectangle, $6.5L{\times}6.5cmW{\times}10cmH$), D (Cylindrical, ${\phi}$ 9cm in bottom & ${\phi}$ 11.5 cm in $upper{\times}10.8cm$) and E (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;15cm{\times}7.5cm$) containing soybean and peanut seeds as food, and sponge soaked with water under laboratory condition of $24^{\circ}C$ and 15L : 9D. Hatchability ranged from 93 to 97%. Nymphal duration was shortest of 6 days in the 1st instar and longest of 10 days in the 5th instar. The nymphal duration was 38 to 39 days observed in the rearing cages. Emergence rate was in the range from 53 to 62% with highest in A and B cages. Adult longevity was 65 to 75 days for male, and 67 to 74 days for female, and was longest in the B cage. Total number of eggs laid by female adult was in the range from 51 to 56 without significant difference in the rearing cages, and was the most in the B cage. Accordingly, the reproductive rate of N. antennata for 1 generation was within 25 to 33 times, and was highest in the B rearing cage. Therefore, it could be concluded that B cage is most suitable for stable rearing of N. antennata under laboratory condition.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1997

In order to understand the spawning and larval development of Perinereis aibuhitensis for the effective seedling production, the influence of water temperature on spawning induction, egg and larval development of the worm were investigated from October 30, 1989 to October 30, 1990. Main spawning period was from July through September, and average diameter of mature eggs was $220\mu m$. The relationship between the adult weight (Wt) and the number of spawned eggs (NS) was given as follws : NS=48635.589Wt1.3044 (r=0.8572). Adult males and females died immediately after spawning. Trochophore larvae developed 12 hours after fertilization, and hatched out after 56 hours.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the bionomical characteristics of Protaetia brevitarsis in Korea. The imaginal stage was from in early July and the advent of imagoes was the most frequent in early August. Also few imagoes was entered into the hibernation. The larvae inhibited in humus and the period of larva was all completed in late November. At the stage of the third larva, the larvae entered into the hibernation. The average number of laid eggs was 152, and all periods of each stage - eggs, first, second, third instar larvae and pupa - were shortened in $30^{\circ}C$ than in $25^{\circ}C$. As for the longevity of imagoes, female, reared in individual and in low temperature lived longer than male, in group and in high temperature, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.3 s.140
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• pp.207-212
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the bionomical characteristics of Allomyrina dichotoma in Korea. The imaginal stage was from late June to late August, and the advent of imagoes was the most frequent in mid-July. The larvae inhibited in humus and the period of larva was all completed in late October. At the stage of the third larva, the larvae entered into the hibernation. The average number of laid eggs was 24, and all periods of each stage - eggs, first, second, third instar larvae and pupa - were shortened in $30^{\circ}C$ than in $25^{\circ}C$. As for the longevity of imagoes, female, reared in individual and in low temperature lived longer than male, in group and in high temperature, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.287-293
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• 2014

Matsumuraeses phaseoli is one of the main pests that attack the flowers and pods of red bean (Vigna angularis) and mungbean (Vigna radiata) in Korea. To elucidate the developmental characteristics and over-wintering stage of M. phaseoli, several stages of the insect were observed through artificial rearing under outdoor conditions in Suwon ($37^{\circ}$16'N $126^{\circ}$59'E 35ASL), Korea. In colonies in which neonate larvae were reared at about 2-week intervals for more than a year, the developmental period from larva to adult emergence became longer from spring to summer, but shorter from summer to autumn; aestivation was not observed during the summer season. The colony in which rearing started on Oct 8, 2008 over-wintered as pupae and emerged in late April next year with a survival rate of 6%. However, the colony in which the rearing started on Oct 23, 2008 over-wintered as mature larvae, pupated in late April, and emerged in early and mid-May with a survival rate of 2%. When the fifth instar larvae were transferred outside from the laboratory ($25^{\circ}C$, 15L:9D) between November and February, no larvae could survive during the winter season. Some newly laid eggs and newly emerged adults could not hatch and could not survive, respectively, in outdoor conditions in November and December. These results suggest that neonate larvae of M. phaseoli that hatch in October can over-winter as late larvae or pupae in Suwon, Korea.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

This study was conducted for investigation of habitat and development of indoor-rearing conditions of peacock butterfly, Inachis io (Linnaeus). Three different region, Mt. Kwangduk-san, Mt. Hae-san and Mt. Taebaek-san in Kangwon-do, was selected for investigation of domestic distribution and ecological environment of peacock butterfly. In result, there are many butterflies in the only two region, Mt. Kwangduk-san and Mt. Hae-san. On 16th April, 4 overwintered butterflies were observed in Mt. Hae-san. At the end of June and early in July, 51 individual next generation's butterflies were observed in Mt. Kwangduk-san and Mt. Hae-san. For development of indoor-rearing conditions, collected each 15 male and female peacock butterflies was reared in a room condition. Female butterflies laid eggs in the egg cluster on the underside of host-plant's leaves, Urtica angustifolia Fisch., in the ovipositioning room. We took 11 egg cluster with average $404.6{\pm}23.6$ eggs. Hatchablity of eggs was 92.3%, and the eggs hatched within $5.1{\pm}0.9$ days from the day of oviposition under high temperature, long day condition($25^{\circ}C$, 14L:10D). The larval period was $18.3{\pm}1.0$ days under high temperature, long day condition($25^{\circ}C$, 14L:10D), showing 81.0% pupal ratio. The head width of each developmental larval stage were $0.37{\pm}0.01mm$(1st instar), $0.66{\pm}0.02mm$(2nd instar), $1.07{\pm}0.05mm$(3rd instar), $1.81{\pm}0.07$(4th instar), $2.76{\pm}0.08$(5th instar). The pupal period was $8.4{\pm}0.6$ days, and the emergence rate was 87.5%.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2013

The aim of the present study is to investigate food consumption, hatching periods, adult mortality, the mean number of hatchlings and ovipositional trend of Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer. The rearing and experiments were conducted in the rearing room ($28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, $60{\pm}10%$RH). As the adult rearing density increased from 50 to 400, it did not affect the average daily food consumption of adult crickets which was $0.067{\pm}0.008$ g a day. However, the daily radish consumption decreased from 0.128 to 0.068 g per day. 95.8% of eggs hatched by the sixth day after the beginning of hatching. The average mortality of the adults gradually increased, and reached 93.9% by the 8th week. Total number of hatchlings per female was $172.2{\pm}10.6$ ($mean{\pm}SD$) in 200 females rearing cages, which was noticeably less than $248.8{\pm}17.8$ ($mean{\pm}SD$) in 100 females rearing cages. Sex ratio of the crickets given in the rearing cages did not affect both the number of hatchlings and ovipositon rate. Oviposition rate periodically fluctuated as progressed, and it reached 81.5% of the total oviposition by the $3^{rd}$ week since the beginning of ovipoisiton.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2014

The present study was conducted for two years to develop the indoor breeding system of mole cricket, Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister. In 2013, the total mean number of progenies was $430.{\pm}20.0$ ($mean{\pm}SE$); $15.3{\pm}25.8$ of 2nd-3rd instars, $28.8{\pm}24.0$ 3rd-5th and $2.4{\pm}2.7$ 6th-8th. In 2014, the rearing yielded similar result to that of 2013; $43.5{\pm}31.0$ in total with $25.8{\pm}25.6$ of 2nd-3rd instars, $23.6{\pm}21.3$ 3rd-5th and $2.9{\pm}2.3$ 6th-8th. The successful breeding rate using indoor cages was 46.9% in 2013 and 50.0% in 2014. In total 147 individuals were successfully reared in an outdoor rearing cage with 25 females released and 78 individuals in an indoor rearing cage with 100 females and 50 males released. 86.4% and 89.7% of the nymphs reared were collected within 25cm depth of the soil in the outdoor and indoor cage, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2010

The family Ciidae is presented for the first time from Korea. Two unrecorded species, Octotemnus laminifrons (Motschulsky) and Octotemnus japonicus Miyatake are reported. Morphological photographs of adults, description, illustrations of diagnostic characteristics, and host fungi are provided.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.147-150
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• 1998

Fecal samples were collected from 257 dogs in four areas in Korea during the period of .january 1996 to November 1997 and examined by immunofluorescence assay for Crwptosporinium oocysts using a commercial diagnostic kit (Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio) . Of the 257 samples, 25 (9.7%) were positive for Crvptosporiniun. Differences were noted in the prevalence of canine cryptosporidiosis in both areas and dog types. The results provide a further evidence of environmental contamination and widespread distribution of the parasite in Korea.