• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of length of storage period under low temperature, $CO_2$ enrichment and addition of plant growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog medium on the plant regeneration of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Seeds were treated for 60 and 80 days respectively under $5^{\circ}C$ environment. 2500ppm of $CO_2$ was enriched by ventilation. Three plant growth regulators added to the medium were Indolbutyric acid, Benzyladenin and Gibberellic acid (GA3). The result indicated that : The capacity of differentiation was higher in the aged cotyledons from the seeds treated for 80 days under low temperature condition than in those treated for 60 days. $CO_2$ enrichment had stimulating effects on the growth and development of shoot primordium significantly but less effects on the formation of adventitious buds. From one zygotic embryo hundreds of plantlets were differentiated. $CO_2$ enrichment had effects on the formation of both indirect somatic embryo and direct somatic embryo. Indirect somatic embryo showed little growth and differentiation, being undifferentiated vascular stele and epicotyl. Direct somatic embryos were formed on the epidermis of backside basal part of cotyledon. Those embryos developed to whole plant having latent bud.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 1990

To make clear the changes of the amount of reserve substances in the bark of stem and root of mulberry graftages after planting, studies were carried with mulberry graftages classified into three groups of 7.0-7.9mm, 9.0-9.9mm and 11.0-11.9mm in diameter of stems at 3cm above their base. The results obtained were as follow : 1. The dry weight of stem and root bark gradually decreased with growth of new shoots till about five weeks after planting, and from then it increased. 2. The duration of new shoots growth depending on the reserve substance was limited for 6-7 weeks after planting. In no fertilized group, the length of new shoots increased up to 6-7 weeks, form then decrease. 3. Dry leaf yield three weeks after planting was found to be no difference in the same diameter of saplings between with and without fertilization. 4. The content of chlorophyll in the leaves was higher in thicker group and in fertilized group than thinner and no fertilized one, respectively. 5. There was no difference in the amount of carbohydrates of the bark of stem and root among the stem diameters. There was a transient increase in the amount of total sugar in the bark of stem and root in the first three weeks after planting, followed by gradual decline up to five weeks. The amount of reducing sugar in the bark of stem and root increased both in fertilized and in no fertilized group up to three weeks after planting, and then it decreased. There was a gradual decline in the content of starch in the bark of stem and root both in fertilized and in no fertilized group up to five weeks after planting, followed by gradual increase.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2000

Effects of the heavy-ion ($^{14}$ N or $^{20}$ Ne) beam irradiation on the response of anthers, growth of calli, germination of seeds, and the early growth after the germination of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. BY-4) were investigated. Anthers precultured for 10 days before the irradiation became brown without callus or shoot induction over 20 Gy of $^{14}$ N and $^{20}$ Ne ion beam irradiation. Relative growth rate of the cultured calli was reduced by the irradiation and became brown significantly 2 weeks after the $^{14}$ N and $^{20}$ Ne ion beam irradiation over 50 Gy. The increased intensity of the heavy-ion ($^{14}$ N, $^{20}$ Ne) beam irradiation resulted in the delay of seed germination and the inhibition of the early growth both in water-treated and non-treated seeds before the irradiation. In addition, the heavy-ion beam irradiation to the imbibed seeds inhibited seed germination more than that to the non-imbibed seeds. The screening approach of non-imbibed seeds with heavy-ion beam irradiation using in vitro culture system was more useful than the filter-paper germination method in investigating the characteristics of heavy-ion beam-irradiated seed population and the screening of morphological variants at the early stage of the plant growth.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.421-427
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• 2020

In this study, we investigated the effect of nutrient supply periods on the fruit growth and quality of 'Duke' blueberry. The nutrient solution was contained with NO₃-N 4.6, NH₄-N 3.4, PO₄-P 3.3, K 3.0, Ca 4.6, and Mg 2.2 mmol·L^-1, and EC in the nutrient solution was 1.5 ds.m^-1. In 2017 and 2018, an individual blueberry bush was supplied with 8 L of the nutrient solution per week. In 2018, the drainage water quality of growing medium and fruit quality was investigated. The nutrient supply was started from April 01, and stopped at 15 days intervals as follows, 15 days before final harvest, at the final harvest date (June 30), 15 days after final harvest (DAFH), 30 DAFH, 45 DAFH, and 60 DAFH. The content of inorganic components in the growing medium was not significantly different by the stop time of nutrient supply, but the content of phosphorus (P₂O₅) tended to increase with the delay of stop time of nutrient supply. There were no significant differences in the fruit quality characteristics in terms of size, sugar content, and acidity among the different stop time of nutrient supply. The blueberry yield was tended to decrease with the delay of periods of nutrient supply, while the lowest yield of 1.8 kg was recorded when nutrient supply stopped at 45 and 60 DAFH.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.374-380
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of light qualities and lighting types provided by LED Chamber System which designed by Rural Development Administration on growth and development of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum L., cv. 'Cheonsu') plantlet cultured in vitro. The explants of single-node cuttings were exposed to monochromic or mixture radiation of blue, red, or green under continuous and intermittent lighting for 42 days. The intermittent lighting of 20 sec. on and off per minute significantly stimulated shoot elongation with lower number of internodes compared with continuous lighting treatments. However, continuous blue, red, or green light gave greater dry weight comparing the intermittent lighting, and the lowest weight was recorded at the continuous fluorescent lamp. Otherwise, the plantlet growth in dry weight or leaf area was inhibited by the green light controlled at 50 times intermittence but internode elongation was significantly increased. These results showed that the plantlets were successfully grown under the LED Chamber System controlled with different light qualities and lighting types. Quantitative growth of the plantlets was improved under the shorter photoperiod with a intermittent lighting cycle compared with continuous lighting using fluorescent lamps. It is concluded that the growth and development of in vitro plantlets such as single-node cuttings can be achieved by the controlling of light quality or lighting type during the photoperiod per day with a lower electric cost compared with conventional continuous lighting system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2020

We analyzed the growth characteristics of each cell line and acclimating substrate of Larix kaempferi plantlets regenerated from somatic embryos, with the goal of increasing the survival rate during the acclimation phase. Somatic embryos from three embryogenic cell lines (L14-66, L16-18, and L17-B4) were used, and the acclimating substrates were commercial soils for Larix species (Larix-Soil) and horticultural corps (Hort-Soil), Elle-pot, and Peat-plug. The average initial shoot and root length was shortest in L14-66 and longest in L17-B4. The average survival rate by cell line was highest (87.0%) in L17-B4 and lowest (64.3%) for L14-66. Survival rates by substrate were highest in Elle-pot (88.5%) and Peat-plug (88.9%). The initial shoot length of the L14-66 plantlets was highly correlated with survival rates in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.852), Hort-Soil (r = 0.692), and Elle-pot (r = 0.867) substrates, but not in Peat-plug with high total nitrogen content. The initial shoot length of the L17-B4 plantlets was not correlated with the survival rate in any of the substrates. The initial root length of the L14-66 plantlets was highly related to survival rates in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.986), Elle-pot (r = 0.846), and Peat-plug (r = 0.802) substrates, and the survival rate of the plantlets was higher as the initial root length was longer. The initial root length of the L17-B4 plantlets was related to survival rate only in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.896) and Elle-pot (r = 0.696) substrates. In conclusion, to increase the survival rate of plantlets, root length should be considered over shoot length, and it is recommended to use substrates with high nitrogen content, such as Peat-plug, or to add fertilizer, during the acclimating process. In addition, in order to increase the survival rate, lines with high initial growth should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.410-416
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• 2005

Rhodiola sachalinensis has been used as a traditional medicine in Asia. We were germination in vitro seedling of grow naturally in Chang bai Moutain. And callus induction from leaf segments, treatmented plant regeneration in plant growth regulators (Auxins and cytokinins). We investigated optimal conditions for efficient plant regeneration through callus induction and shoots formation on medium with various kinds of growth regulators. Callus induction and adventitious shoots formation was achieved when cytokinin and auxin combinated to this experiment. Especially, there was the highest callus induction rates when we were used to 1 mg/L kinetin and 2 mg/L NAA $(98\%)$, Adventitious shoots formation wear obtained difference rate when cytokinin alone 1 mg/L BA $(96.6\%)$. And regenerated plantlet was acclimatized and transplanted to the soil, showed $100\%$ survival.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate mass propagation technique by using seed and vegetative propagation of Kalopanax pictus Nakai. For developing seed propagation, seed stratification and 1$0^{\circ}C$ after-ripening treatment induced embryo growth within 1 weeks, resulted in increasing germination rate of seeds up to more than 65% when planted. The softwood cutting using one year old shoot increased rooting rate to 69% whereas more than 1 year old shoot looked like inappropriate for cutting propagation. In the cutting timing, the rooting rate on June, 13 cutting of the first growth shoot was the highest, followed by June 20 and July 4. The most efficient cutting timing seemed to be the middle of June. When cutted shoots were soaked for 30 minute with IBA and NAA 1000mg.$L^{-1}$, rooting rate was increased above 70%. As the concentrations of plant hormone were increased above 2000mg.$L^{-1}$, the rooting rate was slowly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.330-339
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the herbicidal activity of herbicidal substances and identify them in bulbs of Lycoris flavescens. Methanol extract was purified by a series of chromatographic techniques including silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC, and HPLC. The final HPLC gave two active fractions and two herbicidal substances were obtained. By GC/MS analysis, one was identified as galanthine (galanthan-1-ol) and the other was identified as montanine ($O^2$-methyl pancracine), an isoquinoline alkaloid. Montanine showed nearly 100% of growth inhibition on the shoot and root of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli) seedlings at $20{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ as compared with the control. Meanwhile, methanol extract of L. flavescens bulbs showed only about 3.1% and 8.3% of growth inhibition on the shoot and root of rice cultivar, Hwayeongbyeo seedlings at $1,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ as compared with the control, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

Dendrobium candidum Wallich ex Lindley is a traditional Chinese medicine plant and has been widely used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. In this study, several different factors affecting micro propagation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) such as basal media, plant growth regulators, and carbon sources. The proliferation PLB derived from seeds was the best in $H_3P_4$ basal medium containing $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Kinetin. PLB growth was the best when $10g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose was added to the carbon atoms in the medium. The rate of shoot formation from the propagated PLB was the highest in 1/4 MS or $H_1P_2$ medium containing $10g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose, and the shoot length was longer than the others.