• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2015

The elbow reflex, a principal reflex in the upper extremity, plays an important role in the diagnosis of cervical spine syndromes. In this study, the muscle activations of brachial biceps and triceps, and the kinematics of upper extremities were predicted using an activation model for the stretch reflex. The muscle activations that equated the simulation results estimated by the analysis model with the experimental results were obtained first, and the activations obtained from the simulations were compared with the electromyography signals obtained from the experiments, for model validation. The root mean squares error of the joint angles (obtained from experiments and simulation using the suggested model) was 0.056, a value that is half of that obtained using the previous model. This demonstrates that the suggested model corresponded well with the actual reflex.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.44-51
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• 2001

This Paper the practical echo signal synthesis model to predict the target strength and signal shape of a submarine for a valuable tool to active sonar engineer. It is based on UTAHID (Underwater TArget by Highlight Distribution) model which is relocated highlight points along to external hull for aspect angle, and synthesized echo signal by modified grouping highlights to internal scatter cloud. Proposed model is analyzed target strength characteristics on various incident pulse length, and synthesis signal signature, target time spreading loss, echo elongation effect and so on. Thus it can be efficiently used in various real systems related to underwater target echo signal synthesis, that is, active sonar, acoustic countermeasure and surveillance system.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of exercise types on lower extremity muscle activity in stroke patients. For the purpose, the subjects of this study were classified into three groups such as therapeutic exercise group(n=7), elastic band group(n=7), and stretch reflex group(n=7). The three exercise programs were 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The stretch reflex group revealed higher in iliopsoas and biceps femoris %MVIC than the therapeutic exercise group and elastic band group, whereas elastic band group revealed lower in tibialis anterior %MVIC than therapeutic exercise group in the primary single-limb support. The stretch reflex group revealed higher in iliopsoas %MVIC than the therapeutic exercise group and elastic band group, whereas stretch reflex group revealed lower in medial gastrocnemius %MVIC than therapeutic exercise group in the secondary double support phase.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 2001

A reflection signal in an active sonar using a high frequency is mainly formed of a specular reflection from the surface of an object along with several equivalent scatters inside, which are characterized by the spatial distribution of the highlight on the object. This study analyze the existing echo signal synthesis models eq, random distribution model, equivalent interval distribution model & MUTAHID(Modified Underwater TArget by HIlight Distribution) model for simulated target, and compare the characteristics of the reflected signal synthesis results for each model in various conditions. These highlight distribution models can be efficiently applied to the simulated target signals synthesis of various real systems requiring the echo signal synthesis on the underwater target.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.728-729
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• 2014

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.15-22
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• 2000

This paper proposes a distributed highlight algorithm to generate efficiently echo signal for underwater target. In this algorithm, echo signal is synthesized by discontinuity highlights that are varied to incident angle, by equivalent and specified position highlights according to the spatial target structure. Completed UTAHID(Underwater TArget by Highlight Distribution) model is confrimed that PTS, ETS, echo elongation effect, target time spreading loss and envelope fluctuation are satisfied to expected values by various simulations. Thus it can be efficiently used in all sorts of real systems related to underwater target echo signal synthesis in active sonar.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.7C
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• pp.634-641
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• 2010

End Stage Renal Disease resulting from complications of the 4 top causes of death including diabetes and hyperpiesia becomes one of the major social problems these days in the context that this disease unaffordably increases the medical cost and decreases the quality of life. For a kidney disease, it is hard to diagnose, cure and recover as there are few subjective symptoms. Therefore, the prevention is very important. In this paper, we propose a method, which checks the abnormal state of the kidney, using the patient's face color and gloss which is employed for diagnosis in the oriental medicine. This method composes of two processes. The first is to acquire the patient's face data applying a polarizing filter and the next is to analyse relations between kidney disease and this data.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.401-405
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• 2001

We propose a novel channel-switching transmission filter using segmented chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBG's) each of which has separate transmission bands in the reflection spectrum of the CFBG. The segmented CFBG's are made by using specially designed slits. The separated reflection spectral bands of the segmented CFBG's are controlled by the attached fiber stretchers, and the controlled reflection bands are used to choose the channels independently. Tunability of the transmission spectra is experimentally demonstrated in WDM transmission experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.11 s.176
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• pp.24-29
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.142-149
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to identify both the mechanical and reflex properties associated with spasticity in hemiplegic patients. Ten hemiplegic patients were included in this study. Multiple pendulum tests were executed for each subject, and knee joint angle and EMG of Rectus Femoris muscle were measured. The neuromusculoskeletal system model was developed from generally accepted mechanism and identified through minimization of the error in the model-predicted pendulum trajectories. The identification was successful in terms of small error in simulated kinematics and high sensitivity and precision of simulated torque against EMG activity. The reflex threshold showed significant difference between different clinical scores (p<0.01) and significant negative correlation (r=-0.93) with the EMG duration. It is expected that the suggested method may help in understanding mechanisms underlying spasticity.