• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2014

A natural colorant was extracted from Acer ginnala, Alnus japonica and gromwell as extractants. Studies have been made on the effects of the kind of extracts and dyeing/mordanting conditions on colorimetric changes of ramie fabrics. The color of fabrics tended to become darker as the numbers of dyeing process and mordanting process increased using three kinds of extracts. As the numbers of dyeing and mordanting increased, the ramie fabrics gradually increased to show reddish and bluish signs using Acer ginnala, Alnus japonica, and gromwell extracts(500ml and 1,000ml). In the case of 1,500ml of gromwell extracts, the ramie fabrics showed the color with more redness and yellowness. Color difference (${\Delta}E$) of dyed and mordanted fabrics increased as the numbers of dyeing and mordanting processes increased. The apparent colors of ramie fabrics using Acer ginnala were Y and GY. The Alnus japonica extracts produced Y and GY colors on ramie fabrics. With varying amount of gromwell extracts, the colors of dyed and mordanted fabrics were R, YR, GY, G, PB, P and RP, however, the main color was PB. It was concluded that the extracts of Acer ginnala, Alnus japonica and gromwell can be used as a natural dye producing black colors.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 1999

To search for antioxidative compounds from plant resources, methanol extracts of 45 plant species were investigated using DPPH method. The highest activity was shown in the methanol extract of Acer ginnala($RC_{50}\;:\;15{\mu}g$), followed by Stewartia koreana($RC_{50}\;:\;28{\mu}g$) and Carpinus laxiflora($RC_{50}\;:\;33{\mu}g$). Two antioxidative compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of Acer ginnala Max and identified as acertannin(2, 6-di-O-galloyl-1, 5-anhydro-D-glucitol) and gallicin (methyl-3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) on the basis of mass spectroscopy, $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$ data. The DPPH free radical scavenging activities of acertannin($RC_{50}\;:\;3.5{\mu}g$) and gallicin($RC_{50}\;:\;2.8{\mu}g$) were more effective than those of BHA($RC_{50}\;:\;14{\mu}g$) and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ ($RC_{50}\;:\;12{\mu}g$).

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.65-66
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 천연염색물 유물의 본래색인 전통색 추정을 위한 기초 실험중의 하나로, 천연염료와 전통섬유의 종류를 달리하여 전통염색방법을 따라 얻은 천연염색물을 이용하여 색변화에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 주변환경 중에서 세탁과 일광에 의한 천연염색물의 변퇴색의 거동경로를 분석하고자 하였다. 천연염료로는 우리나라에서 재배되는 홍화, 소방목, 치자, 황토, 능소화꽃잎, 지초, 먹물, 감물, 황련, 황백, 생쪽, 생쪽, 쪽, 산죽재, 신나무 등과 같은 15종류의 염료를 단독 혹은 혼합하여 이용하여 적색, 주황색, 연한 갈색, 진한 갈색, 황색, 청색, 자색, 흑색계열의 8종류의 색상을 지닌 천연염색물을 얻었다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.212-218
• /
• 1996

Two phenolcarboxylic acids. five flavonoids and one hydrolysable tannin were isolated from the leaves of Acer ginnala Maxim. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the strutures of these compounds were established as gallic acid, ethylgallate, acertannin, quercetin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, rutin, $quercetin-3-O-{\alpha}-_L-rhamnopyranosyl-2'-gallate$.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.406-413
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the natural dyeing characteristics of Korean traditional hand-made paper (Hanji). The Hanji was dyed black with extractive of gallnut (Rbusjavanica L), leaves of Amur maple (Acer ginnala), nutshell of chestnut (Castania crenata), and persimmon juice and Chinese ink. And moreover, the Hanji was dyed not only using single and combination of dyestuff but also changing mordants and mordanting procedure. And we estimated the relationship between dyeing characteristics and dyestuff concentration (o.w.f.). The gallnut was the most principal material dyeing black. The procedure of mordanting from copper acetate to Iron (II) chloride and dyeing from gallnut to Amur maple dyestuffs were the best dyeing method for the Hanji to black. The K/S value of dyed Hanji increased with increasing concentration of dyestuff.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.390-399
• /
• 2007

We analyzed the vegetation environment at the stream section of habitat in which Cottus koreanus lives. The plant communities were classified into Fraxinus rhynchophylla community, Acer ginnala-Salix koreensis community, Phragmites japonica-Salix gracilistyla community, Salix gracilistyla community, Phragmites japonica community, Robinia pseudo-acacia community, and Oenanthe javanica-Persicaria thunbergii community. The frequency of Phragmites japonica-Salix gracilistyla community was the most. And also the frequencies of Fraxinus rhynchophylla community and Salix gracilistyla community were high. In stream bank zone and terrace zone, the typically represented vegetation was the Fraxinus rhynchophylla community and Acer ginnala-Salix koreensis community and Phragmites japonica-Salix gracilistyla community, respectively. The rNCD of the top-priority plants applied to restoration of the vegetation in stream bank zone came out by the order of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Salix koreensis, Acer ginnala, Salix gracilistyla, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla. The rNCD in terrace zone was arranged by the order of Salix gracilistyla, Phragmites japonica, and Artemisia princeps. The spatial distribution of vegetation was the most greatly influenced by cross-sectional position of the surveyed stream, and this aspect is believed to be due to the habitat's physical stability. Species diversity also obviously makes a great difference depending on their surrounding physical stability.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.33 no.4 s.131
• /
• pp.301-304
• /
• 2002

Two triterpenoid saponine were isolated from the stems of Acer ginnala Maxim. The structures of triterpenoid saponins were established as ilexoside O, $3-O-{\alpha}-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\beta}-D-xylopyranosyl-pubescenolic$ acid 28-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ ester(1) and ilexoside K, $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\beta}-D-xylopyranosyl-pubes-cenolic$ acid $28-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ ester(2). Their chemical structures have been elucidated on the basis of spectral methods.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 1993

This study was conducted to compare the resistance and sensitivity of trees with 6 native species exposing to 4 different levels of $SO_2$gas(0.4, 0.7, 1.5 and 3.0 ppm) respectively. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Visible injuries appeared as spots in the region of intervein on the leaves for all the species and the color of the spots changed from light green and/or brown to light brown, dark brown, and/or redish brown. 2. The sensitivity of the species to $SO_2$ was high in the descending order of Zizyphus jujuba, Cataegus pinnatifida, Viburnum sargentii, Weigela subsessilis, Euonymus japonica, and Acer ginnala. 3. The resistance of the species to $SO_2$ was high in the descending order of Acer ginnala, Eunymus japonica Viburnum sargentii, Weigela subsessilis, Zizyphus jujuba, and Crataegus pinnatifida. 4. When the trees were exposed to $SO_2$gas, the contents of chlorophyll a, b, and a+b were consostently lower than those of control, and water soluble sulfur contents in the leaves were higher than those of control. 5. There was no significant correlation between stomatal resistance and the sensitivity(or resistance) of the trees exposed to $SO_2$ gas. 6. In this study, it was concluded that Acer ginnala was more suitable species than the others for landscape in air polluted area because it showed high resistance, low sensitivity, and low stromal resistance to $SO_2$gas exposure.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.550-556
• /
• 2004

In the present study, we investigated the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of Acer ginnala Max. bark extract on S. typhimurium TA98, TA100 and cancer cell lines with Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. They were extracted with methanol and then fractionated using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water to obtain the fractions. The inhibition rate of methanol ($200\;{\mu}g/plate$) of Acer ginnala Max. bark extract in the Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain showed $83.3\%$ against the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In addition, the suppression of methanol extract with same concentration of in the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains showed $80.3\%\;and\;92.7\%$ inhibition against 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indol (Trp-P-1), respectively. The cytotoxicity effects of Acer ginnala Max. bark extract against the cell lines with human lung carcinoma (A549), human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) were inhibited with the increase of the extract concentration. The treatment of 1.0 mg/mL Acer ginnala Max. bark methanol extract of methanol showed strong cytotoxicities of $77.3\%,\;90.4\%,\;88.9\%,\;and\;83.7\%$ against A549, AGS, Hep3B and MCF-7, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.411-417
• /
• 2009

This research is intended to discover physiological and biochemical defense mechanisms against herbivores of 8 species of the genus Acerby examining the morphological characteristics of the leaf, the structure and number of leaf domatia, herbivores insects and mites feeding on leaves, which were collected from the trees growing in Mt. Chiak, Mt. Cheongtae, Mt. Jungwang, Mt. Bangtae, Mt. Taebaek and Wonju City. This research was conducted from May through July, 2009, and the results are as follows. The domatia of A. pseudosieboldianum, A. pictum subsp. mono and A. mandshuricum belongs to tuft type; that of A. palmatum, A. triflorum and A. tschonoskii pocket+tuft type; and that of A. tegmentosum pocket type. The number of domatia per leaf turned out to be the highest in the case of A. tegmentosum(20.2), and the lowest in the case of A. ginnala (4.2). Leaf surface trichomes of A. palmatum, A. pseudosiebotdianum, A. ginnala and A. mandshuricum are covered with villi; those of A. pictum subsp. mono and A. triflorum with soft, pilose type of hair, and those of A. tschonoskii with stiff, strigose hair. The trichome density of lower leaf surface is found to be higher than that of the upper leaf surface. Only in the case of A. palmatum, A. pseudosieboldianum, A. tegmentosum and A. tschonoskii, a small amount of nectar is found to be secreted from the distal vein parts of the leaf margin. The number of mites on each leaf are found to be significantly different among tree species, and average mites number per leaf was the highest in the case of A. tschonoskii (9.2/leaf), and A. mandshuricum, A. pseudosieboldianum, and A. triflorum follow it in decreasing order. Minute insects attacking the leaf of Acer spp. include Periphyllus californiensis, P. viridis, Psylla spp, and gall mites, and the number of these insects are found in Periphyllus californiensis, Psylla spp, P. viridis, and Cicadellidae sp. in decreasing order. The natural enemies of these herbivores insects are predatory mites, such as Chilocorus rubidus, Coccinella septempunctata and the nymph, Aphidius ervi, Poecilocoris lewisi and its larva, and Poecilocoris lewisi. Lasius japonicus and Formica japonica are symbiotic with aphids, and supports herbivores. Finally, our research confirmed that predatory mites attack Periphyllus californiensis and suck the body fluid of their victim. This proves that mites form a symbiotic relationship with plants through the mediation of leaf domatia. This also indicates that a protective mutualism may be more conspicuous in temperate broad-leaved trees.