• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.27-49
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture in Spinal Cord Injury(SCI)-induced rats. Methods : The subjects were divided into 5 groups ; Normal, Control no treatment after SCI, Experimental I taken with Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang (Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) 500 mg/kg $0.5m{\ell}$ daily after inducing SCI. Experimental II taken with Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture at Taegye(KI3) and $Yangnungch{\acute{o}}n$(GB34) after inducing SCI and Experimental III taken with Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) 500 mg/kg $0.5m{\ell}$ and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture at KI3 and GB34 to SCI-induced rats. After each operation, the present author observed the motor behavior recovery and nerve regeneration by analysis of the motor behavior tests, EMG, hematological(AST, ALT, WBC), histological and immunological changes. Rats were tested at modified Tarlov test at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th day, and Motor behavior test at 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st day. Results : Results are as follows. 1. All the experimental groups were improved compared with control group in the motor behavior tests including Tarlov test, Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale, modified inclined plane test, open field test, grid walk test and narrow beam test. Especially Experimental III was improved significantly among other groups. 2. In EMG test, H wave appeared weak only in Experimental III. And M wave was increased significantly in Experimental III. 3. All the experimental groups were significantly decreased compared with control group in serum AST, serum ALT and serum WBC tests. 4. significantly decreased in Tumor Necrosis Factor-${\alpha}$ test compared with the first day of SCI. 5. Muscle contraction and denaturation of all the experimental groups were inhibited in histological observations of gastrocnemius muscle. Especially, those of experimental III was more effective. 6. NGF and BDNF of spinal cord gray matter in all the experimental groups were increased compared with control group. Especially, those of experimental III was more effective. Conclusions : As above, it can be suggested that Yanghyuljanggeungunbo-tang(Yangxuezhuangjinjianbu-tang) and Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmaco-acupuncture may improve motor behavior, EMG, hematological, histological and immunological findings in Spinal Cord Injury(SCI)-induced rats. Especially, effects will be somewhat better in combination of these two treatments.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2014

This study was designed to find an appropriate biomaterial to proliferate Schwann cell (SC). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) films mixed with demineralized bone particle (DBP), small intestine submucosa (SIS), and silk were fabricated by a solvent casting method. Analysis of MTT, SEM and RT-PCR were performed to confirm adhesion and proliferation of SC. Contact angle of films was assayed for hydrophilicity of films. We confirmed that PLGA/DBP 20% film showed higher hydrophilicity, promoted adhesion and proliferation of SC than other films. It was concluded that PLGA/DBP film can be applied for the scaffold biomaterials for the regeneration of central nerve system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.241-264
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• 2022

Bibliographic metadata can help researchers effectively utilize essential publications that they need and grasp academic trends of their own fields. With the manual creation of the metadata costly and time-consuming. it is nontrivial to effectively automatize the metadata construction using rule-based methods due to the immoderate variety of the article forms and styles according to publishers and academic societies. Therefore, this study proposes a two-step extraction process based on rules and deep neural networks for generating bibliographic metadata of scientific articlles to overcome the difficulties above. The extraction target areas in articles were identified by using a deep neural network-based model, and then the details in the areas were analyzed and sub-divided into relevant metadata elements. IThe proposed model also includes a model for generating reference summary information, which is able to separate the end of the text and the starting point of a reference, and to extract individual references by essential rule set, and to identify all the bibliographic items in each reference by a deep neural network. In addition, in order to confirm the possibility of a model that generates the bibliographic information of academic papers without pre- and post-processing, we conducted an in-depth comparative experiment with various settings and configurations. As a result of the experiment, the method proposed in this paper showed higher performance.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.145-152
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• 2007

Following CNS injury, inhibitory influences at the site of axonal damage occur. Glial cells become reactive and form a glial scar, gliosis. Astrocyte-rich gliosis relates with up-regulation of GFAP and CD81, and eventually becomes physical and mechanical barrier to axonal regeneration. It is postulated that the astrocytic reaction is absent, regeneration of axons can occur. And it was reported that treatment with anti CD81 antibodies enhanced functional recovery in the rat with spinal cord injury. So in this current study, the author investigated the effect of the water extract of Persicae Semen on the regulation of GFAP and CD81 that increase when gliosis occurs. Persicae Semen decreased the expression of GFAP and CD81 in astrocyte cell by ELISA method. Persicae Semen decreased the RNA expression of CD81 and GFAP. The proteins that separate in whole cell were analaysed by western blot, and the expression of GFAP and CD81 was decreased. In vivo, rats brains were peformed cortical stab wound, the water extracts of Persicae Semen were injected for 7 days, 30 days. As a result, GFAP and CD81 expression were decreased in immunohistochemistry. These findings demonstrate that Persicae Semen decreases GFAP and CD81 expression. Accordingly, Persicae Semen could be a candidate for promotion of axon regeneration after CNS injury.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate effects of electroacupuncture and Cervi Pantortichum Cornu pharmacopuncture on pain and nerve regeneration after crush injury of sciatic nerve in rats. Methods : We divided the subjects into 5 groups : control group, acupuncture treated group, electroacupuncture treated group, Cervi Pantortichum Cornu pharmacopuncture treated group, electroacupuncture and Cervi Pantortichum Cornu pharmacopuncture group. Hot plate test and degree of Substance P antibody in each group were observed at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th day. Sciatic function index and change of BDNF immunoreactivity had been estimated at the 7th, 14th, 21st day respectively. Atrophy of the gastrocnemius at the 21st day was observed. Results : All the experimental groups showed significant changes in hot plate test, degree of Substance P antibody, sciatic function index and change of BDNF immunoreactivity compared with control group. Especially, when electroacupuncture and Cervi Pantortichum Cornu pharmacopuncture used together, results were more effective than other groups. Recovery of the gastrocnemius was also the same. Conclusions : It is suggested that electroacupuncture and Cervi Pantortichum Cornu pharmacopuncture may play a significant role on pain decrease and nerve regeneration after crush injury of sciatic nerve in rats and these two treatments could be more effective when used together.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.375-387
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• 2009

Objective : Gyehyuldeung (GHD) has been widely used in oriental medicine for the treatments of cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Thus, its potential facilitatory activity on axonal regeneration was investigated in the rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were given crush injury at the sciatic nerve and the changes of axon growth after nerve injury on each nerve injury model were investigated with anti-NF-200 antibody, DiI, GAP-43 protein and Cdc2 protein Results : GHD-mediated enhancement of axonal regeneration after crush injury was measured in both qualitative and quantitative ways by immunofluorescence staining with anti-NF-200 antibody and retrograde tracing of fluorescence dye DiI. GAP-43 protein levels were elevated by GHD treatments in the distal injured sciatic nerve and DRG sensory neurons. The neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons was facilitated by GHD treatment when co-cultured with Schwann cells and astrocytes prepared from injured sciatic nerves and injured spinal cord tissues, respectively. It was observed that Cdc2 protein was up-regulated in co-cultured Schwann cells or astrocytes and Cdc2 protein signals were co-localized to a certain extent with those of phospho-vimentin protein. Conclusions : These results suggest that GHD may play a facilitatory role in axonal regeneration by acting on the injured axons and adjacent non-neuronal cells. The current findings may be useful for the development of therapeutic targets through more specific explorations on molecular interactions between herbal components and endogenous factors.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2015

This study aims to suggest the place branding methods applicable for regenerated idle industrial facilities. The place branding methods were analyzed by separating into hard branding methods and soft branding methods, and the results of the study are as follows: As for the hard branding methods, the exterior, outer wall materials and interior materials of the building and industrial equipment are preserved to revive the historicity of the building. In order to organize a differentiated space, it is important to create the convenience space such as cafes, experience space, lounge, and restaurants as well as the space for the operation of the programs. The building itself is utilized as a landmark or the iconic facility such as the winding tower or chimney is utilized as a landmark. As the methods of introducing natural elements, there is a need to create the resting space, law area and water space where trees can be planted and landscape can be viewed, and the development of tourism products utilizing the peripheral resources and the link of programs are also important. As for the soft branding methods, the provision of programs where a variety of art genres and the sense of place are reflected and the programs linked to the region is needed, and the story of place can be shared by storytelling utilizing the work and programs reflecting the sense of place. In addition, the content development and physical improvement of facilities reflecting the needs of visitors and the establishment of the organic collaboration system of a variety of subjects are needed for the sustainability of place.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.159-166
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• 2008

Articular cartilage is a unique tissue with no vascular, nerve, or lymphatic supply. This uniqueness may be one of the reasons why chondral injuries will hardly heal and may progress to osteoarthritis over time. Currently, there are several surgical options for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. Although there is some discrepancy as to which procedures work best in certain patients. The spectrum of treatment alternatives for articular cartilage defects can range from simple lavage and debridement, drilling, micro-fracturing, and abrasion to osteochondral grafting and autologous chondrocyte implantation. In 1984, for the first time, results of autologous chondrocyte implantation in a rabbit model were presented, showing hyaline cartilage repair. Clinical study using autologous cultured chondrocyte implantation in chondral defects of the human knee has been reported in 23 patients in 1994. In 14 out of 16 patients treated for chondral injuries on the femoral condyles, the results were good to excellent. It is important for the surgeon to understand the autologous chondrocyte implantation technique and to be aware on the postoperative management. Attention to surgical technique and selection of appropriate patient for the autologous chondrocyte implantation will provide with the best results.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2006

Peripheral axons in vertebrate animals can regenerate after nerve injury and accomplish its functional recovery. Numerous studies have revealed that diverse molecular factors are induced during axonal regeneration and their potential roles in axonal regeneration have been studied. Examples is N-CAM, L1, P0, nerve growth factors, GAP-43 and so forth. However, most of the studies on axonal regeneration have been primarily focused on axon fiber regrowth and elucidating molecular factors, and relatively less is known about functional recovery. Also, specific drugs or drug components used in the oriental medicine in relation to nerve fiber regeneration have not been known. And thus, in the present, a study on the effect of Yukmijihwang-tang components and Yukmijihwang-tang extracts to regeneration of peripheral axon fiber is underway by immunofluorescence staining. Therefore, this prior application of Yukmijihwang-tang with documents consideration is reported with a plea for further investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 2005

This study demonstrated that xenogenic human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could elicit the regeneration of the sensory nerve after axotomy in the adult rats infraorbital nerves without immunosuppression. For this, we evaluated the behavioral testing for functional recovery of the nerve and histological findings at weeks 3 and 5 compared to controls. Xenogenic hMSCs did not evoke any significant inflammatory or immunologic reaction after systemic and local administrations. HMSCs-treated rats exhibited significant improvement on sensory recovery tested with von Frey monofilaments. At 5 postoperative weeks, in the hMSCs treated nerve, expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), neurofilament (NF) at the site of axotomy was higher than control. And mRNA expression of neurotropin receptor Trk precursor (TrkPre), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) and neuropeptide (NPY) in trigeminal ganglion were also higher. The number of myelinated nerve at distal stump and cells in trigeminal ganglion were higher in hMSC treated rats. So it was supposed that transplanted MSCs contributed to reducing post-traumatic degeneration and production of neurotrophic factors. Immunofluorescence labeling showed small portion of hMSCs (<10%) expressed a phenotypic marker of Schwann cell (S-100). Xenogenic or allogenic mesenchymal stem cells might have immune privileged characteristics and useful tool for cell based nerve repair.