• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1994.04a
• /
• pp.239-239
• /
• 1994

신경쇠약의 치료로 상용하며, 빈혈의 치료와 예방의 효과가 있으며, 노화방지에 도움이 되어 민간약으로는 장수(長壽)약으로 꼽히고 있는 구기자가 글루타메이트에 의한 신경독성을 차단하며, 이러한 효과는 구기자의 성분 중 betaine에 의하여 나타난다. Betaine이 어떠한 작용 기전에 의하여 글루타메이트에 의한 신경독성을 차단하는 지를 밝히기 위하여 글루타메이트가 작용하는 각기 다른 수용체인 NHDA 및 non-NMDA 수용체에 어떻게 작용하는 지를 알아보았다. 각 수용체의 선택적인 효능제인 NMDA, kainate 및 quisqualate 각각을 사용하여 인위적으로 독성을 유도시킨 후 이에 대한 betaine의 작용을 알아 본 결과 betaine은 quisqualate에 의하여 유도된 신경독성에서 모두 유사한 정도의 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 효과는 betaine과 구조가 유사한 glycine의 다른 구조 유사체인 dimethylglycine이나 sarcosine과는 다른 작용양상을 나타내는 것이다. Dimethylglycine과 sarcosine은 kainate에 의한 독성에 대하여 미약한 효과를 나타냈으나, NMDA에 의한 독성에는 정상대조군의 LDH 값의 50% 이상에까지 이르게하는 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보아 이들이 NMDA에 의한 신경독성을 효과적으로 차단한다는 것을 암시해 준다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 betaine의 글루타메이트에 의한 신경독성을 차단하는 효과는 다른 glycine 구조 유사체처럼 glycine과 경쟁적으로 작용하여 나타나는 결과는 아니라고 여겨진다. 또한 글루타메이트에 의한 신경독성이 일어나는 기전 중의 하나가 calcium 이온의 세포내의 과도한 유입으로 인한 것으로 알려져 있으나 세포내의 calcium 이온의 양을 측정하여 본 결과 betaine은 글루타메이트로 인한 세포내 calcium 이온의 증가에 대하여 별다른 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 betaine의 글루타메이트에 의한 신경독성 차단 효과는 이미 미생물에서 보고된 바 있는 betaine의 세포내 삼투압에 대한 보호작용이나 항산화작용과 관련된 기전에 의하여 나타나는 것일 가능성이 높은 것으로 추측되어진다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.66-68
• /
• 2004

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 1999

To evaluate the neurotoxic effect of oxygen radicals in cultured mouse spinal dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons, cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay after cultured DRG neurons were grown in the media containing various concentrations of glucose oxidase(GO). In addition, neuroprotective effect of herb extract, Epimedium Koreanum Nakai was examined by MTT assay in cultured DRG neurons. Cell viability of cultured DRG neurons was remarkably decreased by GO in dose- and time-dependent manner, and Epimedium Koreanum Nakai protected remarkably GO-induced neurotoxicity in these cultures. From the above results, it is suggested that oxygen radicals is toxic in cultured mouse DRG neurons, and herb extracts such as Epimedium Koreanum Nakai are effective in prevention of the neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals in cultured mouse DRG neurons.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.235-244
• /
• 2019

This study examined the neurotoxicity of aluminum sulfate (AS), an environmental pollutant, and the protective effect of Phrymaleptostachya var. asiatica HARA (PLVAH) extract on the neurotoxicity induced by AS in the cultured C6 glioma cells. For this study, the cell viability and antioxidative effects, such as electron donating (ED) activity, lipid peroxidation (LP) activity, and superoxide anion-radical (SAR) scavenging activity, were analyzed. AS decreased the cell viability significantly in a dose-dependent manner and the $XTT_{50}$ value was measured at $120.0{\mu}M$ of AS. The neurotoxicity of AS was determined to be mid-toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. In addition, the catalase (CAT), antioxidant enzyme remarkably increased the cell viability injured by AS-induced neurotoxicity in these cultures. Regarding the protective effect of the PLVAH extract on AS-induced neurotoxicity, PLVAH extract significantly increased the ED ability, and the inhibitory ability of the LP and SAR scavenging ability. These findings suggest that oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of AS, and the PLVAH extract effectively protected against AS-induced neurotoxicity by its antioxidative effects. Natural resources, such as the PLVAH extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for the treatment of the toxicity induced by heavy metallic compounds, such as AS correlated with the oxidative stress.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.251-266
• /
• 1999

1. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Chungsimyeunjatang on the cerebral neurons injured by hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$). 2. Methods : I observed cell viability in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide by NR assay and MTT assay and determined lipid peroxidation and amounts of LDH release in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide. After administration of Chungsimyeunjatang water extracts, I observed significant changes of cell viability, lipid peroxidation and amounts of LDH release in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide. 3. Results : Hydrogen peroxide showed neurotoxicity. Cell viability in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide decreased in NR assay and MTT assay. Lipid peroxidation and amounts of LDH release in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide increased. Chungsimyeunjatang was very effective in blocking hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.270-272
• /
• 2022

Safety is one of the factors that prevent clinical drugs from being distributed on the market. In the case of neurotoxicity, which is the main cause of safety problems caused by drug side effects, risk assessment of drugs and compounds is required in advance. Currently, experiments for testing drug safety are based on animal experimetns, which have the disadvantage of being time-consuming and expensive. Therefore in order to solve the above problem, a neurotoxic prediction model through an in silico experiment was suggested. In this study, the category of neurotoxicity was expanded using a unified medical language system and various related compound data were obtained based on an integrated database. The SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System) of the obtained compounds were converted into fingerprints and it is used as input of machine learning. The model finally predicts the presence or absence of neurotoxicity. The experiment proposed in this study can reduce the time and cost required for the in vivo experiment. Furthermore, it is expected to shorten the research period for new drug development and reduce the burden of suspension of development.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.501-510
• /
• 2018

This study examined the neurotoxicity induced by lead acetate (LA) on cultured C6 glioma cells and the protective effects of Euphorbiae humifusae L. (EH) extract against LA-induced cytotoxicity. In this study, LA exhibited neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control, and was determined to be highly-toxic according to the toxic criteria. The $XTT_{50}$ value of LA was calculated at a concentration of $38.6{\mu}M$ after C6 glioma cells were incubated for 72 hours in the media containing $30{\sim}50{\mu}M$ of LA, respectively. In addition, LA-induced neurotoxicity was suggested to correlate with the level of oxidative stress because vitamin E, an antioxidant, increased the cell viability damaged by LA-induced cytotoxicity. The EH extract effectively prevented cell injury from LA-induced cytotoxicity via its antioxidative effects, such as inhibitory ability of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase-like activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-radical scavenging activity. These antioxidative effects may result in components, such as polyphenol or flavonoids including gallic acid or quercetin. In conclusion, natural resources, such as EH extracts, may be a useful putative agent for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as lead neurotoxicity.

• 산업보건소식
• /
• no.48
• /
• pp.30-30
• /
• 1987

• 월간산업보건
• /
• s.268
• /
• pp.25-27
• /
• 2010

Pentane과 그것의 이성질체에 대한 TLV-TWA는 600 ppm($1770\;mg/m^3$)으로 권고하고 있다. 이 수치는 염증이나 혼수 마비 상태를 최소화하기 위해 설정되었다. 권고된 TLV는 마비 효과를 억제하기 위한 충분한 안전 범위를 제공해 준다. 그러나 매우 높은 농도에 만성적으로 노출되면 다발 신경성 홍반 수종증을 유발할 수 있다는 가능성은 헥산의 신경독성과 비교했을 때 pentane이 낮은 독성이라 하여도 무시할 수는 없다. 피부(skin), 감작제(SEN), 발암성, TLV-STEL에 대한 수치는 충분한 데이터가 확보되지 않아 현재는 권고하지 않고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.61-61
• /
• 2003