• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.40
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• pp.187-242
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• 2022

This article was conducted with the purpose of finding the religious meaning of Jeongeup (井邑) by paying attention to two areas of inquiry. The first examines religious interpretations of the place names of peaks, mountains, and villages that have already existed have existed since ancient times. The second area of inquiry looks into religious narratives about Jeongeup that appear in scriptural records of the Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth (1901~1909) as performed by Kang Jeungsan. Looking at these to areas of inquiry together, the place names and topography inherent in Jeongeup and Kang Jeungsan's various Jeongeup-related Reordering Works, can be summarized as embodying characteristics of 'beginning (始)' and 'origin (本)' which can be further likened to the meaning of 'water (水)' in a 'well (井).' First, Jeongeup equates to the heavenly origin of the Gucheon Sangje (Supreme God of the Ninth Heaven) faith in Jeungsan Thought. Mangje (Emperor-awaiting) Peak is a peak that represent the wish for the Lord's descent to earth. Seonmang (Immortal-awaiting) Village is a village that was waiting for an immortal. Jeung (Steamer-on-Cauldron) Mountain (Jeungsan 甑山) is a mountain on the earth and also the honorific name later taken by Kang Il-Sun. In relation to Jeungsan, it is interpreted that Jeungsan was born and incarnated in the village as a human in response to a plea from all divine sages, buddhas, and bodhisattvas, who had existed since the dawn of time and came to wish for salvation of humankind. This is because both Mangje Peak and Seonmang Village are connected to the meaning of 'mang (望 to await).' Second, the Reordering Works of Jeungsan which related to Jeongeup show that Jeongeup has carries the meaning of 'beginning (始源)' and 'origin (本源).' The character, Jeong (井), in Jeongeup is seen as a place that contains water energy, and symbols and allusions referring to this can be found in various Reordering Works. As a symbol or allusion, the well can be seen as a new start, the lives of all people of the world, the purification of the world, and returning to the original root everything. These symbolic images can be found in the life of Kang Jeungsan from his incarnation to his passing into Heaven. This is because Jeong can allude to the origin by the Ninth Heaven, the beginning of the Later World's paradisiacal land of immortals, and the end of the Former World (Seoncheon 先天).

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.1
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• pp.153-162
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• 2004

Software development methodology using object-oriented analysis and design techniques for improving productivity and maintainability has acquired a substantial acceptance in both academia and industry as a fundamental paradigm. Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is widely used in both academia and industry because it provides high unability and rapid application development. EJB supports object-oriented paradigm, but there are several things to consider when designing detail model of object-oriented model or implementing object-oriented model with EJB model. One of them is inheritance problem. In this paper, we classify the types of class inheritance which is shown upon in object-oriented model into three types and identify the problems which can happen when implementing the inheritance mechanism with EJB model. And this paper proposes three patterns for realizing the inheritance in EJB. Moreover, applicable patterns and guidelines for each object-oriented inheritance types for the proposed patterns are suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2011

오늘날 우리 사회는 물산업의 성장성을 높이 평가, 국내 물산업 육성이 경제발전을 위하여 중요하다고 말한다. 따라서 정부는 정부대로, 기업은 기업대로 시장의 육성 및 선점을 위하여 많은 노력을 경주하고 있다. 특히 최근에는 국내 물시장의 성장 한계성을 이유로 해외 물시장 진출의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 하지만 우리사회는 정작 해외 시장 진출을 위해 무엇보다 중요한 부문인 시장에 대한 정보 탐색에는 노력이 미흡한 실정이다. 즉 해외 물시장 진출의 중요성을 강조하고는 있지만, 어느 시장을 목표시장으로 선정해야 하는지, 무엇이 우리의 강점인지, 무엇을 고객에게 줄 것인지 등에 대한 탐색이 미흡함에 따라, 해외 물시장 진출에 대한 속 시원한 해법을 제시하는 이는 많지 않다. 이에 본 논고는 물시장의 성장 가능성이 높을 것이라고 알려진 아시아 시장의 여러 국가 가운데 국내 시장에도 잘 알려져 있지 않은 말레이시아 시장을 중심으로 정부 정책, 시장 환경, 현지 기술력 등에 관하여 살펴보고, 이를 기초로 시장으로서의 기회와 위험, 그리고 국내 기업의 강점과 약점을 살펴보았다. 분석결과로서 기회와 위험, 강점과 약점을 약술하면 다음과 같다. 먼저 기회의 관점에서 말레이시아는 치수사업, 수도사업, 환경정화사업 등 물산업 인프라가 여전히 취약한 점에서 국내 물기업에게 시장으로서의 기회를 제공하고 있다. 둘째, 외국계 기업에 대한 정부의 규제, 부실한 수도 재정 및 낮은 요금 등은 외국계 기업에 게 있어 위험 요인이 된다. 셋째, 높은 기술력을 이용하여 성공적으로 물 인프라를 구축 운영함으로써 선진국 수준의 물안정성 및 안전성을 확보하고, 4대강살리기 사업과 같은 대규모 프로젝트를 통해 녹색성장 모델을 구축함은 국내 물기업의 큰 강점이다. 넷째, 국내 기업에 대한 현지 시장의 낮은 인지도는 약점 요인이 된다. 현지 이해 관계자의 말에 따르면 "한국계 기업은 보유하고 있는 기술력에 비해 '기업' 및 '보유기술'에 대한 홍보가 부족하다"라고 지적한다. 결과적으로 국내 물기업이 현지 시장에 성공적으로 진출하기 위해서는 무엇보다 국내 기업에 대한 그리고 국내 기술력에 대한 적극적인 홍보가 필요할 것이다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.77-85
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• 2009

As the multimedia technology has become in popular, many software packages that are for using those multimedia contents have also been developed. Directshow is a media framework which makes the development of such multimedia software simple, quick and regular process. In the Directshow, data are processed through the connections between filters. In general, Filtergraph is utilized to be set as 'Intelligent Connection' for filter connection. However, when we use this 'Intelligent Connection' option, they can show non-expected results or fail to connect with filter's pins together. So in this paper, we propose non-necessary filter cut-off method for connecting only just wanted filters. There are two methods such as inner filter cut-off method and outer filter one. The inner filter cut-off method is good at connection's compatibility and able to quickly connect with each other filter. But in the outer filter cut-off method, filter source is not necessary and connection is exactly done with other filter. In the end, we propose Directshow based filter cut-off model which compose of wanted filter connection and minimize error probability, through mixing up the advantages of two filter cut-off methods.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 2016

In this study, bacterial diversity in the living room and bathroom of a residential environment was analyzed using the pyrosequencing method. There was no difference in the diversity index of bacteria between the 2 rooms; however, differences were noted in the composition of bacteria. The classes ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria and ${\delta}$-Proteobacteria were found in the bathroom at higher abundances than in the living room. The phyla Acidobacteria, Chlorobi, Chloroflexi, Fusobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Planctomycetes were found in the bathroom, but not in the living room, indicating a broader range of bacteria. However, the living room showed a more diverse range of bacterial genera than the bathroom did. In both the living room and the bathroom, the genus Methylobacterium was dominant.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2010

Recently, the number of design for open-spaces at waterfront, such as open-air restaurant and cafeteria, has been increasing to provide openness and natural environment of waterfront. However, when planning open-air restaurant and cafeteria, it is essential to investigate the climate characteristic of waterfront, especially wind environment, since the waterfront has a special quality of climate like low-temperature and strong wind which differs from downtown or inland. In this study, wind environments of Haeundae, Suyoungman, and Gwanganli, the famous waterfronts in Busan, were investigated for design of open-air restaurants and open cafeterias. The main results were as follows. 1) the waterfront area of Haeundae, Suyoungman, and Gwanganli is suitable for open-air restaurant and open cafeterias; and 2) the appropriate period for open space in this area is from the end of March to November.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.137-139
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• 2022

Dementia is known as the most feared disease by the elderly. As Korea becomes an elderly society, the importance of preventing dementia has increased. However, most games to prevent dementia focus only on the function of prevention. Therefore, this study proposes a mobile dementia prevention game focusing on the user's entertainment experience by selecting those in their 60s as the user class. A survey of user interests and related literature was conducted, and based on the survey, a prototype was produced by applying the theme of barista job experience. As a result, users can experience the entertainment value according to their interests while improving four cognitive abilities effective in preventing dementia through games. Through this, this study expects an entertainment experience of preventing dementia for users in their 60s.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.1A
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• pp.101-108
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• 2009

The performance of high-early strength pavement concrete for large areas is influenced by the physical and chemical environment during service life. Generally, penetration, diffusion, and absorption of harmful materials that exist outside the concrete cause damage to its structure. Thus, we have to use a mixture for durability to keep the required quality for the planned service life. Moreover, in using high-early-strength cement and accelerators, a high heat of hydration to create the initial strength can cause cracks. Based on evaluations from optimal mix proportions of high-early-strength pavement concrete for large areas, we conducted water permeability, abrasion resistance, freeze-thaw, plastic, drying, and autogenous shrinkage tests. Test result showed that a mix of accelerator and PVA fibers showed excellent performance.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.159-166
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• 2022

Background: A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was adopted in the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH, EU) regulations as well as the Act on Registration, Evaluation, etc. of Chemicals (AREC, Republic of Korea). It has been previously used in the registration of chemicals. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the correlation between the predicted data provided by three prediction programs using a QSAR model and actual experimental results (acute fish, daphnia magna toxicity). Through this approach, we aimed to effectively conjecture on the performance and determine the most applicable programs when designating toxic substances through the AREC. Methods: Chemicals that had been registered and evaluated in the Toxic Chemicals Control Act (TCCA, Republic of Korea) were selected for this study. Two prediction programs developed and operated by the U.S. EPA - the Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship (ECOSAR) and Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) models - were utilized along with the TOPKAT (Toxicity Prediction by Komputer Assisted Technology) commercial program. The applicability of these three programs was evaluated according to three parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: The prediction analysis on fish and daphnia magna in the three programs showed that the TOPKAT program had better sensitivity than the others. Conclusions: Although the predictive performance of the TOPKAT program when using a single predictive program was found to perform well in toxic substance designation, using a single program involves many restrictions. It is necessary to validate the reliability of predictions by utilizing multiple methods when applying the prediction program to the regulation of chemicals.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 1994

This work was conducted to study sex differentiation in the black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli (Bleeker), using a histological method for the appearance of primordial germ cell, formation of primitive gonads, differentiation of female and male from newly hatched larva to the ovotestis stage of fish. The 3~4 primordial germ cells of $6.8{\sim}7.2\;{\mu}m$ in size, which were buried under fibrous mesenchymal tissue between gut duct and notochord of pre-larva with a total length (T.L.) of 2.4 mm at 3 days after hatching. The proto-gonial cells were located in the epithelium of the coelom attached with pigment cells of juvenile with 6.4 mm in T.L. at 21 days after hatching. In juvenile of 20.8 mm in T.L. at 59 days after hatching, the proto-gonial cells were migrated to the retro-peritoneum through the lineshaped primitive gonad composed of fibrous mesenchymal tissue. In juvenile of 7.8 em in T.L. at 186 days after hatching, the mitotic division of proto-gonial cell appeared in the lineshaped primitive gonad having many eosinophilic granule cells and abundant fibrous connective tissue. In juvenile of 9.5 em in T.L. at 254 days after hatching, the gonad was occupied by abundant fibrous connective tissue, bundles of spermatocyte and spermatid. In juvenile of 10.5 cm in T.L. at 13 months after hatching, the gonad was divided into cortical layer and medullary layer. The former was composed of bundles of a few spermatocytes and proto-gonial cells, the latter was filled with the fibrous mesenchymal tissue and a few proto-gonial cells. In juvenile of 14.7 em in T.L. at 16 months after hatching, the gonad was separated into ovarian part and testicular part by the fibrous connective tissue. The ovarian part is consisted of ovarian cavity and oocytes of perinucleolus stage. The testicular part was occupied by spermatogonia in the cyst.